scholarly journals Anthocyanins from Aristotelia chilensis Prevent Olanzapine-Induced Hepatic-Lipid Accumulation but Not Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6149
Author(s):  
Andrea del Campo ◽  
Catalina Salamanca ◽  
Angelo Fajardo ◽  
Francisco Díaz-Castro ◽  
Catalina Bustos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
L6 Cells ◽  
Aristotelia Chilensis

Type 2 diabetes and obesity are major problems worldwide and dietary polyphenols have shown efficacy to ameliorate signs of these diseases. Anthocyanins from berries display potent antioxidants and protect against weight gain and insulin resistance in different models of diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Olanzapine is known to induce an accelerated form of metabolic syndrome. Due to the aforementioned, we evaluated whether delphinidin-3,5-O-diglucoside (DG) and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside (DS), two potent antidiabetic anthocyanins isolated from Aristotelia chilensis fruit, could prevent olanzapine-induced steatosis and insulin resistance in liver and skeletal muscle cells, respectively. HepG2 liver cells and L6 skeletal muscle cells were co-incubated with DG 50 μg/mL or DS 50 μg/mL plus olanzapine 50 μg/mL. Lipid accumulation was determined in HepG2 cells while the expression of p-Akt as a key regulator of the insulin-activated signaling pathways, mitochondrial function, and glucose uptake was assessed in L6 cells. DS and DG prevented olanzapine-induced lipid accumulation in liver cells. However, insulin signaling impairment induced by olanzapine in L6 cells was not rescued by DS and DG. Thus, anthocyanins modulate lipid metabolism, which is a relevant factor in hepatic tissue, but do not significantly influence skeletal muscle, where a potent antioxidant effect of olanzapine was found.

Fatty acid-induced NF-κB activation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle are chain length dependent

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (1) ◽  
pp. E114-E120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal P. H. Hommelberg ◽  
Jogchum Plat ◽  
Ramon C. J. Langen ◽  
Annemie M. W. J. Schols ◽  
Ronald P. Mensink
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
Glut4 Translocation ◽  
L6 Cells

The saturated fatty acid (SFA) palmitate induces insulin resistance in cultured skeletal muscle cells, which may be related to NF-κB activation. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether other SFAs also exert these effects on skeletal muscle and whether these relate to chain length. Therefore, we incubated L6 and C2C12 skeletal muscle cells with four different fatty acids, caprylate (C8:0), laurate (C12:0), palmitate (C16:0), and stearate (C18:0), to study effects on GLUT4 translocation, deoxyglucose uptake, and NF-κB activation. Incubation of L6 cells with the long-chain FAs C16:0 and C18:0 reduced insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and deoxyglucose uptake, whereas L6 cells incubated with the medium-chain FAs C8:0 and C12:0 remained insulin sensitive. Besides increasing NF-κB DNA binding activity in both L6 and C2C12 cells, C16:0 also induced NF-κB transcriptional activity. C18:0 showed comparable effects, whereas the SFAs with shorter chain lengths were not able to elevate NF-κB transcriptional activity. Collectively, these results demonstrate that SFA-induced NF-κB activation coincides with insulin resistance and depends on FA chain length.

Extracts of Hymenocardia acida ameliorate insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
II Ezeigbo ◽  
C Wheeler-Jones ◽  
S Gibbons ◽  
ME Cleasby
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
Ameliorate Insulin Resistance

scholarly journals Adiponectin improves insulin sensitivity via activation of autophagic flux

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Ahlstrom ◽  
Esther Rai ◽  
Suharto Chakma ◽  
Hee Ho Cho ◽  
Palanivel Rengasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
Dominant Negative Mutant ◽  
Autophagic Flux

Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, and one potential causative cellular mechanism is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Adiponectin mediates anti-diabetic effects via direct metabolic actions and by improving insulin sensitivity, and we recently demonstrated an important role in stimulation of autophagy by adiponectin. However, there is limited knowledge on crosstalk between autophagy and ER stress in skeletal muscle and in particular how they are regulated by adiponectin. Here, we utilized the model of high insulin/glucose (HIHG)-induced insulin resistance, determined by measuring Akt phosphorylation (T308 and S473) and glucose uptake in L6 skeletal muscle cells. HIHG reduced autophagic flux measured by LC3 and p62 Western blotting and tandem fluorescent RFP/GFP-LC3 immunofluorescence (IF). HIHG also induced ER stress assessed by thioflavin T/KDEL IF, pIRE1, pPERK, peIF2α and ATF6 Western blotting and induction of a GRP78-mCherry reporter. Induction of autophagy by adiponectin or rapamycin attenuated HIHG-induced ER stress and improved insulin sensitivity. The functional significance of enhanced autophagy was validated by demonstrating a lack of improved insulin sensitivity in response to adiponectin in autophagy-deficient cells generated by overexpression of dominant negative mutant of Atg5. In summary, adiponectin-induced autophagy in skeletal muscle cells alleviated HIHG-induced ER stress and insulin resistance.

Metformin ameliorates high uric acid-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 443 ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huier Yuan ◽  
Yaqiu Hu ◽  
Yuzhang Zhu ◽  
Yongneng Zhang ◽  
Chaohuan Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
High Uric Acid

scholarly journals Ameliorative effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids against palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance in L6 skeletal muscle cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Sawada ◽  
Kyuichi Kawabata ◽  
Takatoshi Yamashita ◽  
Kengo Kawasaki ◽  
Norio Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
L6 Skeletal Muscle Cells
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