scholarly journals An LC-MS/MS Method for Analysis of Vitamin D Metabolites and C3 Epimers in Mice Serum: Oral Supplementation Compared to UV Irradiation

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5182
Author(s):  
Amir Sohail ◽  
Asma Al Menhali ◽  
Soleiman Hisaindee ◽  
Iltaf Shah
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Vitamin D2 ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: The most common forms of vitamin D in human and mouse serum are vitamin D3 and vitamin D2 and their metabolites. The aim of this study is to determine whether diet and sunlight directly affect the circulating concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in a mouse model. We investigated the serum concentrations of eight vitamin D metabolites—vitamin D (vitamin D3 + vitamin D2), 25OHD (25OHD3 + 25OHD2), 1α25(OH)2D (1α25(OH)2D2, and 1α25(OH)2D3)—including their epimer, 3-epi-25OHD (3-epi-25OHD3 and 3-epi-25OHD2), and a bile acid precursor 7alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (7αC4), which is known to cause interference in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Method: The LC-MS/MS method was validated according to FDA-US guidelines. The validated method was used for the analysis of mouse serum samples. Forty blood samples from mice were collected and divided into three groups. The first group, the DDD mice, were fed a vitamin D-deficient diet (25 IU VD3/kg of diet) and kept in the dark; the second group, the SDD mice, were maintained on a standard-vitamin D diet (1000 IU VD3) and kept in the dark; and the third group, SDL, were fed a standard-vitamin D diet (1000 IU VD3) but kept on a normal light/dark cycle. LC-MS/MS was used for the efficient separation and quantitation of all the analytes. Results: The validated method showed good linearity and specificity. The intraday and interday precision were both <16%, and the accuracy across the assay range was within 100 ± 15%. The recoveries ranged between 75 and 95%. The stability results showed that vitamin D metabolites are not very stable when exposed to continuous freeze–thaw cycles; the variations in concentrations of vitamin D metabolites ranged between 15 and 60%. The overlapping peaks of vitamin D, its epimers, and its isobar (7αC4) were resolved using chromatographic separation. There were significant differences in the concentrations of all metabolites of vitamin D between the DDD and SDL mice. Between the groups SDD (control) and SDL, a significant difference in the concentrations of 3-epi-25OHD was noted, where C3 epimer was about 30% higher in SDL group while no significant differences were noted in the concentrations of vitamin D, 25OHD, 1α25(OH)2D, and 7αC4 between SDD and SDL group. Conclusions: A validated method, combined with a simple extraction technique, for the sensitive LC-MS/MS determination of vitamin D metabolites is described here. The method can eliminate the interferences in LC-MS/MS analysis caused by the overlapping epimer and isobar due to them having the same molecular weights as 25OHD. The validated method was applied to mouse serum samples. It was concluded that a standard-vitamin D diet causes an increase in the proportion of all the vitamin D metabolites and C3 epimers and isobar, while UV light has no pronounced effect on the concentrations of the majority of the vitamin D metabolites except 3-epi-25OHD. Further studies are required to confirm this observation in humans and to investigate the biochemical pathways related to vitamin D’s metabolites and their epimers.

scholarly journals Relative Efficacy of Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3 in Improving Vitamin D Status: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3328
Author(s):  
Rakesh Balachandar ◽  
Raghu Pullakhandam ◽  
Bharati Kulkarni ◽  
Harshpal Singh Sachdev
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D2 ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Density Methods

Background: Widespread prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has been documented globally. Commonly used interventions to address this deficiency include supplementation and/or fortification with either ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) or cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), but the relative efficacy of these two vitamers is unclear. The current study aimed to evaluate the relative efficacy of ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) for raising the serum levels of vitamin D metabolites and functional indicators including serum parathyroid (PTH) levels, isometric muscle strength, hand grip strength and bone mineral density. Methods: Randomized and non-randomized controlled studies evaluating relative efficacy of ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol were systematically reviewed to synthesize quantitative and qualitative evidence as per the recommendations of according to “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis” guidelines. Search terms were constructed on the basis of the “participants”, “intervention”, “control”, “outcome” and “study type” (PICOS) strategy to systematically search the popular electronic databases. Relevant data from studies meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were extracted and analyzed. Meta-regression, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate the influence of study-level characteristics including intervention dosage, frequency of dosing, interval between the last dose and test for outcome assessment, participant characteristics and analytical methods. Results: Apparently healthy human participants (n = 1277) from 24 studies were included for meta-analysis. The quantitative analysis suggested higher efficacy of cholecalciferol than ergocalciferol in improving total 25(OH)D (mean difference: 15.69, 95%CI: 9.46 to 21.93 nmol/L) and reducing PTH levels, consistently across variable participant demographics, dosage and vehicle of supplementation. Meta-regression suggested smaller differences in the efficacy of cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol at lower doses. Average daily dose was the single significant predictor of effect size, as revealed by multivariate meta-regression analysis. Conclusions: Compared to ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol intervention was more efficacious in improving vitamin D status (serum levels of total 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3) and regulating PTH levels, irrespective of the participant demographics, dosage and vehicle of supplementation.

scholarly journals Automation der Bestimmung von Vitamin D in Serum und Plasma

BIOspektrum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-662
Author(s):  
Kerstin Thurow ◽  
Heidi Fleischer ◽  
Anna Bach
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Vitamin D2 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Reliable Detection ◽  
Automated Procedures

AbstractVitamins play an important role in many processes in the human organism. The detection of insufficient supply of vitamins is therefore of particular importance to avoid significant effects for human health. An increasing number of tests is only possible with suitable automated procedures. For the determination of vitamin D3 and vitamin D2 in serum samples, three methods were automated and compared with regard to their performance. All three methods enable reliable detection of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 in serum in the ng/ml range.

SUBLINGUAL VITAMIN D3 DRUG THERAPY IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY PATIENTS AT PRAVARA RURAL HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar Goud T ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The present study was aimed to study the effect of Sublingual Vitamin D3 on Serum Vitamin D level in Vitamin D deficiency patients. This was a cross-sectional and interventional study. All the Vitamin D deficiency patients of age 18-60years and either gender, willing to participate in the study were included. Patients who had greater than 20 ng/ml were excluded from the study. The total number of participants in our study was 200, out of these 111 males and 89 females, the mean age in our study was 51.07 ± 7.39Yrs. All volunteers were given sublingual vitamin D3 (60,000IU) in six doses every fifteen days of follow up for 3 months. The subject’s serum 25(OH)D levels were estimated before and after the treatment of sublingual vitamin D3. There was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level before 16.61±6.71 ng/ml and after 35.80±7.80 ng/ml after treatment with Sublingual Vitamin D3. Six doses of 60,000IU of Vitamin D3 sublingual route having improved the role of serum 25(OH)D levels in the treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency patients.Keywords: Vitamin D3; Sublingual route

scholarly journals Vitamin D Metabolites and Clinical Outcome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2129
Author(s):  
Sieglinde Zelzer ◽  
Florian Prüller ◽  
Pero Curcic ◽  
Zdenka Sloup ◽  
Magdalena Holter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Metabolite Ratio ◽  
The University

(1) Background: Vitamin D, a well-established regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism, also has immune-modulatory functions. An uncontrolled immune response and cytokine storm are tightly linked to fatal courses of COVID-19. The present retrospective study aimed to inves-tigate vitamin D status markers and vitamin D degradation products in a mixed cohort of 148 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with various clinical courses of COVID-19. (2) Methods: The serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 24,25(OH)2D3, and 25,26(OH)2D3 were determined by a validated liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry method in leftover serum samples from 148 COVID-19 patients that were admitted to the University Hospital of the Medical Uni-versity of Graz between April and November 2020. Anthropometric and clinical data, as well as outcomes were obtained from the laboratory and hospital information systems. (3) Results: From the 148 patients, 34 (23%) died within 30 days after admission. The frequency of fatal outcomes did not differ between males and females. Non-survivors were significantly older than survivors, had higher peak concentrations of IL-6 and CRP, and required mechanical ventilation more frequently. The serum concentrations of all vitamin D metabolites and the vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) did not differ significantly between survivors and non-survivors. Additionally, the need for res-piratory support was unrelated to the serum concentrations of 25(OH)D vitamin D and the two vitamin D catabolites, as well as the VMR. (4) Conclusion: The present results do not support a relevant role of vitamin D for the course and outcome of COVID-19.

Metabolism of vitamin D in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and alcoholic liver disease

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Barbara Mawer ◽  
H. J. Klass ◽  
T. W. Warnes ◽  
Jacqueline L. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Vitamin D2 ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Poor Renal Function

1. The metabolism of isotopically labelled vitamin D2 and D3 has been investigated in eight patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and in five controls. The concentration of labelled vitamin D2 was lower than that of vitamin D3 in serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis on days 1 and 2 after intravenous injection (P < 0.005 and P < 0.05, respectively) but no difference was seen in controls. 2. Similar amounts of labelled 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 were seen in serum of the control group; the same pattern was observed in the primary biliary cirrhosis group, and no significant differences were observed between the two groups. 3. In both control and primary biliary cirrhosis groups, the serum concentration of labelled 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 exceeded that of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (significant for controls on day 2, P < 0.02) but concentrations in the two groups were not different. 4. Concentrations of labelled 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were significantly higher than those of 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D2 in the primary biliary cirrhosis group at all times and in the control group on days 2 and 3. Both 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 were higher in the serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis than in controls (significant on day 1, P < 0.05). 5. Urinary excretion over days 0–3 of radioactivity from both vitamins D2 and D3 was significantly higher in the primary biliary cirrhosis group than in controls: 12.03 vs 1.80% for vitamin D2 and 8.98 vs 1.76% for vitamin D3(P < 0.005). Vitamin D2-derived urinary radioactivity in primary biliary cirrhosis correlated strongly with serum bilirubin (P = 0.005). 6. The metabolism of labelled vitamin D3 was studied in seven patients with alcoholic liver disease, three of whom showed low serum concentrations of labelled 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 suggesting impaired hepatic synthesis. The 25-hydroxylation response was quantified as the relative index of 25-hydroxylation and was significantly related to two other indices of liver function. It is concluded that impaired 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D may occur in alcoholic liver disease and results from hepatocellular dysfunction. 7. Less than the predicted amounts of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were produced in four of the seven patients with alcoholic liver disease; this defect may be attributable in part to decreased precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D and to poor renal function.

Evaluation of the Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Atherogenic Factors in Diabetic Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Akbarbaglu ◽  
Elham Nozari Mirarkolaei ◽  
Massoumeh Hotelchi ◽  
Abbas Khonakdar-Tarsi ◽  
Mahboobeh Ghanbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome includes a range of disorders that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. In this study, we examined the serum level of vitamin D3 in diabetic individuals with metabolic syndrome compared with non-diabetic individuals without metabolic syndrome and the association of serum vitamin D3 levels with metabolic syndrome and atherogenic factor (LDL/HDL). Material and Methods: In a case-control study, we included 110 women with metabolic syndrome according to ATP III criteria and 127 healthy women as a control group. Serum concentration of total cholesterol, LDL-C, FBS, HDL-C and serum triglyceride determined by enzymatic method and colorimetric and, serum level 25-(OH) vitamin D determined by ELISA. Results: It was found that the two healthy and metabolic groups were significantly different in terms of total cholesterol levels, LDL and triglyceride levels, HDL, VLDL, FBS, atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) and vitamin D levels (p<0.05). All participants in the control group and the patient and the whole study population were divided into two categories of insufficient and sufficient based on their measured serum concentrations of 25-(OH) vitamin D. There was a significant difference between the group with insufficient levels of vitamin D in comparison with the group with sufficient levels of vitamin D in terms of total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride levels, HDL, VLDL, FBS and atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) (p=0.000). Conclusion: The present results showed that there is a significant relationship between level 25-(OH) D and atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) and the incidence of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Serum Cytokines in a Randomized Clinical Trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Yusupov ◽  
Melissa Li-Ng ◽  
Simcha Pollack ◽  
James K. Yeh ◽  
Mageda Mikhail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Active Vitamin ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Active Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Background. The role of vitamin D in the body's ability to fight influenza and URI's may be dependent on regulation of specific cytokines that participate in the host inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that vitamin D can influence intracellular signaling to regulate the production of cytokines.Subjects and Methods. This study was a 3-month prospective placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 supplementation in ambulatory adults [Li-Ng et al., 2009]. 162 volunteers were randomized to receive either 50 μg/d(2000 IU) of vitamin D3 or matching placebo. 25(OH)D and the levels of 10 different cytokines (IL-2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α) were measured in the serum of participants at baseline and the final visit. There were 6 drop-outs from the active vitamin D group and 8 from the placebo group.Results. In the active vitamin D group, we found a significant median percent decline in levels of GM-CSF (−62.9%,P<.0001), IFN-γ(−38.9%,P<.0001), IL-4 (−50.8%,P=.001), IL-8 (−48.4%,P<.0001), and IL-10 (−70.4%,P<.0001). In the placebo group, there were significant declines for GM-CSF (−53.2%,P=.0007) and IFN-γ(−34.4%,P=.0011). For each cytokine, there was no significant difference in the rate of decline between the two groups. 25(OH)D levels increased in the active vitamin D group from a mean of64.3±25.4 nmol/L to88.5±23.2 nmol/L.Conclusions. The present study did not show that vitamin D3 supplementation changed circulating cytokine levels among healthy adults.

scholarly journals Circulating Levels of Free 25(OH)D Increase at the Onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidyanand Anaparti ◽  
Xiaobo Meng ◽  
Hemsekhar Mahadevappa ◽  
Irene Smolik ◽  
Neeloffer Mookherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Circulating Levels

ABSTRACTObjectiveEpidemiological studies suggest vitamin D deficiency as a potential risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development, a chronic autoimmune disorder highly prevalent in indigenous North American (INA) population. We therefore profiled the circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitaminD [25(OH)D], an active metabolite of vitamin D, in a cohort of at-risk first-degree relatives (FDR) of INA RA patients, a subset of whom subsequently developed RA (progressors).Methods2007 onward, serum samples from INA RA patients and FDR were collected at the time of a structured baseline visit and stored at −20°C. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), 25(OH)D, hs-CRP, vitamin-D binding protein (VDBP) levels were determined using ELISA and rheumatoid factor (RF) seropositivity was determined by nephelometry.ResultsWe demonstrate that 25 (OH) D concentrations were lower in winter than summer (P=0.0538), and that serum 25(OH)D levels were higher in samples collected and stored after 2013 (P<0.0001). Analysis of samples obtained after 2013 demonstrated that 37.6% of study participants were 25(OH)D insufficient (<75nmol/L). Also, seropositive RA patients and FDR had lower 25(OH)D levels compared to ACPA-/FDR (P<0.05, P<0.01 respectively). Linear regression analysis showed 25(OH)D insufficiency was inversely associated with presence of RA autoantibodies. Longitudinal samples from 14 progressors demonstrated a consistent increase in 25(OH)D levels at the time they exhibited clinically detectable joint inflammation, without any significant change in VDBP levels.ConclusionWe demonstrate that 25(OH)D levels in serum increased at RA onset in progressors. The potential role that vitamin D metabolites and their downstream effects play in RA transition requires further investigation.

Does vitamin D prevent radiotherapy-induced toxicity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-577
Author(s):  
Yasemin Benderli Cihan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractVitamin D is known as the bone hormone, it is also know that it has effects on cancer because of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory characteristics and its effects on cytokine levels. It is seen that vitamin D use together with radiotherapy can have a positive effect on cancer treatment. It should be investigated whether toxicities due to radiation is prevented by vitamin D metabolites’ increasing the induction of immunomodulator cells and the capacities of immune response cells. Use of 1,25[OH]2 Vitamin D3 analogs as an adjuvant immunomodulator for patients receiving radiotherapy should be evaluated. There is a need for studies to be done in this regard.

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