scholarly journals Biocompatibility Study of Electrospun Nanocomposite Membranes Based on Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Oxidized Carbon Nano-Onions

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4753
Author(s):  
Jorge Iván Castro ◽  
Manuel N. Chaur ◽  
Carlos Humberto Valencia Llano ◽  
Mayra Eliana Valencia Zapata ◽  
José Herminsul Mina Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Degradation Analysis ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Oxidized Carbon ◽  
Biocompatibility Study

In recent decades, the number of patients requiring biocompatible and resistant implants that differ from conventional alternatives dramatically increased. Among the most promising are the nanocomposites of biopolymers and nanomaterials, which pretend to combine the biocompatibility of biopolymers with the resistance of nanomaterials. However, few studies have focused on the in vivo study of the biocompatibility of these materials. The electrospinning process is a technique that produces continuous fibers through the action of an electric field imposed on a polymer solution. However, to date, there are no reports of chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospinning with carbon nano-onions (CNO) for in vivo implantations, which could generate a resistant and biocompatible material. In this work, we describe the synthesis by the electrospinning method of four different nanofibrous membranes of chitosan (CS)/(PVA)/oxidized carbon nano-onions (ox-CNO) and the subdermal implantations after 90 days in Wistar rats. The results of the morphology studies demonstrated that the electrospun nanofibers were continuous with narrow diameters (between 102.1 nm ± 12.9 nm and 147.8 nm ± 29.4 nm). The CS amount added was critical for the diameters used and the successful electrospinning procedure, while the ox-CNO amount did not affect the process. The crystallinity index was increased with the ox-CNO introduction (from 0.85% to 12.5%), demonstrating the reinforcing effect of the nanomaterial. Thermal degradation analysis also exhibited reinforcement effects according to the DSC and TGA analysis, with the higher ox-CNO content. The biocompatibility of the nanofibers was comparable with the porcine collagen, as evidenced by the subdermal implantations in biological models. In summary, all the nanofibers were reabsorbed without a severe immune response, indicating the usefulness of the electrospun nanocomposites in biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Nanostructured Fibers Containing Natural or Synthetic Bioactive Compounds in Wound Dressing Applications

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa-Maria Croitoru ◽  
Denisa Ficai ◽  
Anton Ficai ◽  
Natalia Mihailescu ◽  
Ecaterina Andronescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Skin Substitutes ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Electrospinning Method

The interest in wound healing characteristics of bioactive constituents and therapeutic agents, especially natural compounds, is increasing because of their therapeutic properties, cost-effectiveness, and few adverse effects. Lately, nanocarriers as a drug delivery system have been actively investigated and applied in medical and therapeutic applications. In recent decades, researchers have investigated the incorporation of natural or synthetic substances into novel bioactive electrospun nanofibrous architectures produced by the electrospinning method for skin substitutes. Therefore, the development of nanotechnology in the area of dressings that could provide higher performance and a synergistic effect for wound healing is needed. Natural compounds with antimicrobial, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activity in combination with nanostructured fibers represent a future approach due to the increased wound healing process and regeneration of the lost tissue. This paper presents different approaches in producing electrospun nanofibers, highlighting the electrospinning process used in fabricating innovative wound dressings that are able to release natural and/or synthetic substances in a controlled way, thus enhancing the healing process.

scholarly journals Epidermal and fibroblast growth factors incorporated polyvinyl alcohol electrospun nanofibers as biological dressing scaffold

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amnah Asiri ◽  
Syafiqah Saidin ◽  
Mohd Helmi Sani ◽  
Rania Hussien Al-Ashwal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Biological Dressing

AbstractIn this study, single, mix, multilayer Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun nanofibers with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) were fabricated and characterized as a biological wound dressing scaffolds. The biological activities of the synthesized scaffolds have been verified by in vitro and in vivo studies. The chemical composition finding showed that the identified functional units within the produced nanofibers (O–H and N–H bonds) are attributed to both growth factors (GFs) in the PVA nanofiber membranes. Electrospun nanofibers' morphological features showed long protrusion and smooth morphology without beads and sprayed with an average range of 198–286 nm fiber diameter. The fiber diameters decrement and the improvement in wettability and surface roughness were recorded after GFs incorporated within the PVA Nanofibers, which indicated potential good adoption as biological dressing scaffolds due to the identified mechanical properties (Young’s modulus) in between 18 and 20 MPa. The MTT assay indicated that the growth factor release from the PVA nanofibers has stimulated cell proliferation and promoted cell viability. In the cell attachment study, the GFs incorporated PVA nanofibers stimulated cell proliferation and adhered better than the PVA control sample and presented no cytotoxic effect. The in vivo studies showed that compared to the control and single PVA-GFs nanofiber, the mix and multilayer scaffolds gave a much more wound reduction at day 7 with better wound repair at day 14–21, which indicated to enhancing tissue regeneration, thus, could be a projected as a suitable burn wound dressing scaffold.

scholarly journals Review on Fabrication of Structurally Colored Fibers by Electrospinning

Fibers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiali Yu ◽  
Chi-Wai Kan
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Structural Color ◽  
Colloidal Nanoparticles ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Physical Interactions ◽  
Relevant Factors ◽  
Dyes And Pigments

Structural color derived from the physical interactions of photons, with the specific chromatic mechanism differing from that of dyes and pigments, has brought considerable attention by the conducive virtue of being dye-free and fadeless. This has recently become a research hot-spot. Assemblies of colloidal nanoparticles enable the manufacture of periodic photonic nanostructures. In our review, the mechanism of nanoparticle assemblies into structurally colored structures by the electrospinning method was briefly introduced, followed by a comparatively comprehensive review summarizing the research related to photonic crystals with periodically aligned nanostructures constructed by the assembly of colloidal nanoparticles, and the concrete studies concerning the fabrication of well-aligned electrospun nanofibers incorporating with colloidal nanoparticles based on the investigation of relevant factors such as the sizes of colloidal nanoparticles, the weight ratio between colloidal nanoparticles, and the polymer matrix. Electrospinning is expected to be a deserving technique for the fabrication of structurally colored nanofibers while the colloidal nanoparticles can be well confined into aligned arrangement inside nanofibres during the electrospinning process after the achievement of resolving remaining challenges.

Fundamental Study on Needleless Electrospinning Based on Metal (Card) Clothing

2013 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Yan Bo Liu ◽  
Ze Ru Zhang ◽  
Peng Cheng Li ◽  
Velmurugan Thavasi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Needleless Electrospinning ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
New Process ◽  
Different Types

This paper discloses a method for producing nanofibers by a needleless electrospinning process based on the metal (card) clothing. 20% w/w polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution was employed to demonstrate the feasibility of this new electrospinning technology. Different types of metal clothing were used to produce PVA nanofibers under different voltages in the experiments; theoretical analysis of this new electrospinning method was also carried out to understand the experimental results. The results indicated the great potential for scaling up this new avenue for producing nanofibers through electrospinning, especially when medium sized clothing was used in the new process.

Fabrication of cross-linked starch-based nanofibrous mat with optimized diameter

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZAHRA ASHRAFI ◽  
SAEEDEH MAZINANI ◽  
ALI AKBAR GHAREHAGHAJI ◽  
LUCIAN LUCIA
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Nanofibrous Structure ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Rsm Technique

The design and synthesis of natural and synthetic polymer blends have received recent and wide attention. These new biomaterials exhibit progress in properties required in the field of medicine and healthcare. Herein, the aim of present study is to fabricate starch (ST)/polyacrylic acid (PAA) electrospun nanofibrous mat with a smooth and uniform morphology, lowest fiber diameter (below 100 nm) and the highest possible starch content. Starch itself is poor in process-ability, and its electrospinning could be quite a challenging process. To address this, we carried out the response surface methodology (RSM) technique for modelling the electrospinning process. In order to have ST/PAA nanofibers with the finest possible diameter, optimized processing parameters (applied voltage, nozzle‐collector distance and feed rate) obtained from RSM technique were applied. ST/PAA electrospun nanofibers with an average diameter of 74±13 nm were successfully achieved via the electrospinning method for the first time. The structure, preparation and properties of the nanofibrous structure were discussed. Results indicated that drug loaded ST/PAA blend nanofibrous structure has a great potential to be used in controlled drug release systems.

Functionalized polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber webs containing β–cyclodextrin/Vitamin C inclusion complex

2019 ◽  
pp. 152808371986693
Author(s):  
Nazan Okur ◽  
Canan Saricam ◽  
Ikilem Gocek ◽  
Berdan Kalav ◽  
Umut Kivanc Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Alcohol Solution ◽  
Topical Drug Delivery ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrospinning Method

In the present study, the electrospinning method was used to develop β–cyclodextrin functionalized polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber webs. The electrospinning parameters were adjusted in order to obtain uniform nanofiber webs by incorporation of varying concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol and β–cyclodextrin in the solutions. Subsequently, β–cyclodextrin/Vitamin C inclusion complexes were added into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, and adjusted parameters were used in the electrospinning process of functionalized polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber webs containing β–cyclodextrin/Vitamin C inclusion complexes. The formation of nanofiber webs was demonstrated by using Scanning Electron Microscopy. The presence of the inclusion complex in the functionalized electrospun polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber webs was proven by using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy. Consequently, it was achieved to functionalize polyvinyl alcohol electrospun nanofiber webs by incorporating β–cyclodextrin/Vitamin C inclusion complex, which might be considered to have useful applications in cosmetics, personal-care products, and topical drug delivery.

scholarly journals Improved Electrical Conductivity of Carbon/Polyvinyl Alcohol Electrospun Nanofibers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Shehata ◽  
Nabil Madi ◽  
Mariam Al-Maadeed ◽  
Ibrahim Hassounah ◽  
Abdullah Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Deposition Techniques

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) gained much interest in the last few years due to their promising electrical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics. This paper investigates a new nanocomposite composed of carbon nanofibers hosted by PVA and both are integrated in one electrospun nanofibers web. This technique shows a simple and cheap way to offer a host for CNFs using traditional deposition techniques. The results show that electrical conductivity of the formed nanofibers has been improved up to 1.63 × 10−4 S/cm for CNFs of weight 2%. The peak temperature of mass loss through TGA measurements has been reduced by 2.3%. SEM images show the homogeneity of the formed PVA and carbon nanofibers in one web, with stretched CNFs after the electrospinning process. The formed nanocomposite can be used in wide variety of applications including nanoelectronics and gas adsorption.

scholarly journals Photosensitizing Medications and Skin Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2344
Author(s):  
Elisabeth A. George ◽  
Navya Baranwal ◽  
Jae H. Kang ◽  
Abrar A. Qureshi ◽  
Aaron M. Drucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
The United States ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Skin Cancer Risk ◽  
Number Of Patients

(1) The incidence of skin cancer is increasing in the United States (US) despite scientific advances in our understanding of skin cancer risk factors and treatments. In vitro and in vivo studies have provided evidence that suggests that certain photosensitizing medications (PSMs) increase skin cancer risk. This review summarizes current epidemiological evidence on the association between common PSMs and skin cancer. (2) A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify meta-analyses, observational studies and clinical trials that report on skin cancer events in PSM users. The associated risks of keratinocyte carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma) and melanoma are summarized, for each PSM. (3) There are extensive reports on antihypertensives and statins relative to other PSMs, with positive and null findings, respectively. Fewer studies have explored amiodarone, metformin, antimicrobials and vemurafenib. No studies report on the individual skin cancer risks in glyburide, naproxen, piroxicam, chlorpromazine, thioridazine and nalidixic acid users. (4) The research gaps in understanding the relationship between PSMs and skin cancer outlined in this review should be prioritized because the US population is aging. Thus the number of patients prescribed PSMs is likely to continue to rise.

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