scholarly journals Absorption Coefficients of Phenolic Structures in Different Solvents Routinely Used for Experiments

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4656
Author(s):  
Julia A. H. Kaeswurm ◽  
Andreas Scharinger ◽  
Jan Teipel ◽  
Maria Buchweitz
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Phenolic structures are of great interest due to their antioxidant properties and various postulated benefits on human health. However, the quantification of these structures in fruits and vegetables, as well as in vivo or in vitro experiments, is demanding, as relevant concentrations are often low, causing problems in exactly weighing the respective amounts. Nevertheless, the determination of used concentrations is often a prerequisite for accurate results. A possibility to quantify polyphenol is the use of UV/vis spectroscopy. Therefore, the absorption coefficients of selected phenolic structures were determined in three different solvents relevant for polyphenol research (water/methanol (50/50, v/v), water, and phosphate buffer at pH 7.5). To confirm the values based on weight and to avoid errors due to impurities, hygroscopic effects, and inadequate balance care, the mass concentrations were additionally determined by quantitative NMR (q-NMR). The coefficients presented in this article can help to quickly and easily determine accurate concentrations in a laboratory routine without wasting the often-precious standard compounds.

scholarly journals Structural characterization, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of iron nanoparticles synthesized using Asphodelus aestivus Brot. aqueous extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Sumer Tuzun ◽  
Tugce Fafal ◽  
Pelin Tastan ◽  
Bijen Kivcak ◽  
Besra Ozmen Yelken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Mcf 7

AbstractASP was used to synthesize FeNPA. They were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, TEM, SEM, XRD and ZP. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxic activity and antioxidant acitivities of FeNPA and ASP. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using DPPH, ABTS+ and H2O2 assays. FeNPA had higher antioxidant activity comparing to ASP according to DPPH (IC50: 3.48 μg/mL) and ABTS+ (60.52%) assays. Anti-cancer activities of FeNPA and ASP were investigated in breast cancer, melanoma and control cell lines. FeNPA was more cytotoxic than ASP in MCF-7, MeWo, CHL-1, and HEL 299 cells. FeNPA had shown that mitochondria induce apoptosis through stress in MDA-MB-231, and cells MeWo. ASP also induced apoptosis 2.23-fold in MCF-7 cells. Progesterone receptor gene expression showed a 10-fold increase in a hormone-dependent MCF-7 cell line in ASP, and FeNPA treatment. Expressions of BCL6, CXCL12, DNAJC15, RB1 and TPM1 in melanoma cancer cell lines were significantly increased in ASP and FeNPA administration. It had been shown that FeNPA regulates gene expressions that may be considered important in terms of prognosis in breast cancer and melanoma cell lines and it is suggested that gene expressions regulated by FeNPA are also evaluated in animal models in vivo.

Simultaneous Determination of Absorption Coefficients for Skin and Muscle Tissues Using Spatially Resolved Measurements

2011 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Suzuki ◽  
Masatsugu Niwayama ◽  
Toshitaka Yamakawa ◽  
Masaki Ohkubo ◽  
Ryotaro Kime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
In Vivo Tests ◽  
Deep Layers

We present a method for simultaneous measurement of optical absorption coefficients for skin (μas) and muscle (μam) tissues using spatially resolved near-infrared spectroscopy (SRS). A novel calculation algorithm was developed to determine the absorption coefficients of superficial and deep layers within a three-layered structure using Monte Carlo simulation. A method for measuring the skin and muscle absorption coefficients was proposed based on this algorithm. In vitro experiments with tissue-like phantom and in vivo tests were performed using the SRS system with four separate detectors. The results show that the absorption coefficients for both skin and muscle tissues were obtained accurately.

scholarly journals Plasma metabolites of quercetin and their antioxidant properties

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (1) ◽  
pp. R212-R219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Morand ◽  
Vanessa Crespy ◽  
Claudine Manach ◽  
Catherine Besson ◽  
Christian Demigné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins

Quercetin is one of the most widely distributed flavonoids present in fruits and vegetables. The present experiments were performed on rats adapted for 3 wk to a semipurified diet supplemented with 0.2% quercetin. The major part of the circulating metabolites of quercetin (91.5%) are glucurono-sulfo conjugates of isorhamnetin (3′-O-methyl quercetin; 89.1 ± 2.1 μM) and of quercetin (14.7 ± 1.7 μM); the minor part (8.5%) is constituted by glucuronides of quercetin and its methoxylated forms (9.6 ± 2.3 μM). Conjugated dienes formation, resulting from Cu2+-catalyzed oxidation of rat very low density lipoproteins + low density lipoproteins (LDL), was effectively inhibited in vitro by conjugated metabolites of quercetin. These metabolites appeared to be four times more potent than trolox in inhibiting LDL oxidation. Moreover, the plasma from rats adapted to a diet containing 0.2% quercetin exhibited a total antioxidant status markedly higher than that of control rats (+60%). This study shows that ubiquitous quercetin is conjugated in vivo, yielding metabolites that exhibit antioxidant properties. Thus the health benefits of flavonoids in foods can be due to the antioxidant properties of their metabolites.

scholarly journals Chrysophyllum cainito: A Tropical Fruit with Multiple Health Benefits

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hau V. Doan ◽  
Thao P. Le
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Chrysophyllum Cainito

Chrysophyllum cainito is a tropical fruit tree with multiple benefits to human health. C. cainito possesses strong antioxidant properties either in vitro or in vivo. Extracts from the leaves, stem bark, fruits, peel, pulp, or seed of C. cainito are promising candidates in traditional medicine for curing diabetes and fighting against bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. C. cainito leaf extract alone or in a complex formula exhibits anti-inflammatory responses by reducing hypersensitivity, acts as inflammatory markers, and has antinociceptive effects. The leaf extract also increases wound healing speed and assists in regulating fat uptake. In addition, the C. cainito fruit shows anticancer activity against osteosarcoma. In conclusion, the aerial parts of C. cainito have strong beneficial biological effects on human health.

scholarly journals A New Look at the Bioactive Properties of Anthocyanin-rich Horticultural Crops

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 555E-556
Author(s):  
M.A.L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigments

The bright red pigmentation in edible, anthocyanin-rich fruits and vegetables is a definite bonus in terms of market appeal. As a result, breeders have worked consistently to intensify anthocyanin levels or alter composition in crops. The positive links between consumption of crops and food products containing natural anthocyanin pigments, and reduced incidence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases, have been established anecdotally and more recently validated in research trials including those from our laboratory group. The protective events, most attributed to the potent antioxidant properties of anthocyanin pigments and associated phytochemicals, place anthocyanin-rich crops in the category of “Functional Foods,” yielding health protection unrelated to nutritional value. In vitro bioactivity assays have identified components from these crops capable of blocking the initiation stages of carcinogenesis, while a completely separate class of phytochemicals and sets of assays establish efficacy against the promotion stages of tumorigenesis. Animal models for carcinogen-induced damage to mammary gland and skin DNA subsequently demonstrate the in vivo potency of the same target compounds. Similarly, to establish cardioprotective properties, demonstrations of ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, relax vascular muscle tissue, and reduce total serum cholesterol are demonstrated in a series of in vitro assays, and via animal models and human studies. While activity-directed fractionations seek to identify specific responsible compounds, it is increasingly evident that bioactivity is drastically attenuated once specific compounds are isolated, and the synergistic interaction of associated phytochemicals in horticultural crops is prerequisite to realizing health benefits. These complications have slowed the establishment of effective minimum “dosages,” but all the more strongly promote consumption of the crops.

A Molecular Approach to Immunoscintigraphy: A Study of the T-Antigen Conformation on the Surface of Tumors

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Selvaraj ◽  
M. R. Suresh ◽  
G. McLean ◽  
D. Willans ◽  
C. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Human Carcinomas ◽  
Animal Tumor ◽  
Synthetic Antigens

The role of glycoconjugates in tumor cell differentiation has been well documented. We have examined the expression of the two anomers of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen on the surface of human, canine and murine tumor cell membranes both in vitro and in vivo. This has been accomplished through the synthesis of the disaccharide terminal residues in both a and ß configuration. Both entities were used to generate murine monoclonal antibodies which recognized the carbohydrate determinants. The determination of fine specificities of these antibodies was effected by means of cellular uptake, immunohistopathology and immunoscintigraphy. Examination of pathological specimens of human and canine tumor tissue indicated that the expressed antigen was in the β configuration. More than 89% of all human carcinomas tested expressed the antigen in the above anomeric form. The combination of synthetic antigens and monoclonal antibodies raised specifically against them provide us with invaluable tools for the study of tumor marker expression in humans and their respective animal tumor models.

Storage of Human Blood Platelets

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R Hardeman ◽  
Carina J L. Heynens
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Serotonin Uptake ◽  
Hypotonic Shock ◽  
Glycolytic Intermediates

SummaryStorage experiments were performed at 4°, 25° and 37° C with platelet-rich plasma under sterile conditions. In some experiments also the effect of storing platelets at 4° C in whole blood was investigated.Before, during and after three days of storage, the platelets were tested at 37° C for their serotonin uptake and response to hypotonic shock. In addition some glycolytic intermediates were determined.A fair correlation was noticed between the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock experiments. Both parameters were best maintained at 25° C. Also platelet counting, performed after the storage period, indicated 25° C as the best storage temperature. Determination of glycolytic intermediates did not justify any conclusion regarding the optimal storage temperature. Of the various anticoagulants studied, ACD and heparin gave the best results as to the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock response, either with fresh or stored platelets. The use of EDTA resulted in the lowest activity, especially after storage.The results of these storage experiments in vitro, correspond well with those in vivo reported in the literature.

Carbon dots derived from Fusobacterium nucleatum for intracellular determination of Fe3+ and bioimaging both in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Liu ◽  
Shengting Zhang ◽  
Xiaodan Zheng ◽  
Hongmei Li ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
First Time ◽  
Fluorescent Carbon Dots ◽  
Fluorescent Carbon

Fusobacterium nucleatum has been employed for the first time to synthesize fluorescent carbon dots which could be applied for the determination of Fe3+ ions in living cells and bioimaging in vitro and in vivo with excellent biocompatibility.

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