scholarly journals Combination of Selenium and UVA Radiation Affects Growth and Phytochemicals of Broccoli Microgreens

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4646
Author(s):  
Meifang Gao ◽  
Rui He ◽  
Rui Shi ◽  
Yamin Li ◽  
Shiwei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Phytochemical Contents ◽  
Uva Radiation

Addition of selenium or application of ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation for crop production could be an effective way of producing phytochemical-rich food. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of selenium and UVA radiation, as well as their combination on growth and phytochemical contents in broccoli microgreens. There were three treatments: Se (100 μmol/L Na2SeO3), UVA (40 μmol/m2/s) and Se + UVA (with application of Se and UVA). The control (CK) was Se spraying-free and UVA radiation-free. Although treatment with Se or/and UVA inhibited plant growth of broccoli microgreens, results showed that phytochemical contents increased. Broccoli microgreens under the Se treatment had higher contents of total soluble sugars, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, ascorbic acid, Fe, and organic Se and had lower Zn content. The UVA treatment increased the contents of total chlorophylls, total soluble proteins, total phenolic compounds, and FRAP. However, the Se + UVA treatment displayed the most remarkable effect on the contents of total anthocyanins, glucoraphanin, total aliphatic glucosinolates, and total glucosinolates; here, significant interactions between Se and UVA were observed. This study provides valuable insights into the combinational selenium and UVA for improving the phytochemicals of microgreens grown in an artificial lighting plant factory.

scholarly journals Biochemical and phytochemical evaluation of Stevia rebaudiana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman Sohag Howlader ◽  
Sheikh Rashel Ahmed ◽  
Khadizatul Kubra ◽  
Md Khairul Hassan Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The present study was aimed to evaluate biochemical and phytotochemical of dry leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. Biochemical analysis indicated that Stevia leaves are a good source of carbohydrate and reducing sugar. Different extraction methods were used to prepare four different dry extracts (Extract A, B, C, D). Total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were analyzed for these four dry extracts and commercial Stevia powder. The highest amount of total soluble sugar (477 mg sugar g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract C and higher amount of reducing sugar (82 mg g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract D among the extracts. But commercial Stevia powder showed higher total soluble sugar content (754 mg g-1 dry powder) and highest amount of reducing sugar (98 mg g-1 dry extract) than all the extracted dry samples. The extraction process of dry extract C was feasible for the extraction of total soluble sugar. For the phytochemical screening, crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups and presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and saponins that were identified. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds (92 mg) was recorded from methanolic extract of extraction B. The lowest amount of total phenolic compounds (36 mg) was recorded in ethanolic extract of extraction A. So, Methanol proved as best solvent to extract increased quantity of total phenolic compounds than other solvents.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 121-130

scholarly journals Responses to Drought in Seedlings of European Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) from Several Carpathian Provenances

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
Ioana M. Plesa ◽  
Mohamad Al Hassan ◽  
Sara González-Orenga ◽  
Adriana F. Sestras ◽  
Oscar Vicente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Larix Decidua ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
European Larch ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars

European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) has been reported either as more tolerant or as more sensitive to drought than conifers with perennial leaves. Previous studies have revealed that Carpathian populations of European larch display a high genetic variability. A comparative study of the responses of these populations to drought stress at the seedling stage might allow the identification of drought tolerant genotypes and reliable drought stress biomarkers, which could be eventually used for the early detection of drought effects in larch, not only under control greenhouse conditions, but also in their natural stands. Growth responses were analyzed in larch seedlings from six Romanian Carpathian populations, submitted to one month of mild drought stress under controlled conditions. Levels of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoids), osmolytes (proline and total soluble sugars), monovalent cations (Na+ and K+), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (total phenolics and flavonoids) were compared with control treatments and between populations. Growth and the pattern of the biochemical responses were very similar in the six populations. Drought stress lead to stem length decrease in all population, whereas reduction of fresh weight of needles was significant only in one population (BVVC), and reduction of water content of needles in two populations (BVVC and GuHo). The optimal biochemical traits for an early detection of drought symptoms in this species is the increase—in most populations—of total soluble sugars, MDA, and total phenolic compounds, whereas K+ reduction was significant in all populations. Photosynthetic pigments remained unchanged, except for the Anin population where they were reduced under stress. Multivariate principal component and hierarchical clustering analyses confirmed the impact of drought in the growth and physiology of European larch, and revealed that the humidity of the substrate was positively correlated with the growth parameters and the levels of K+ in needles, and negatively correlated with the levels of MDA, total soluble sugars, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids in needles.

scholarly journals Assessment of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction as an Alternative Method for the Extraction of Anthocyanins and Total Phenolic Compounds from Maqui Berries (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz)

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa ◽  
Ana V. González de Peredo ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Ceferino Carrera ◽  
Miguel Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Aristotelia Chilensis ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Research interest regarding maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) has increased over the last years due to its potential health benefits as one of the most antioxidant-rich berries. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is an advanced green, fast, and ecological extraction technique for the production of high quality extracts from natural products, so it has been proposed in this work as an ideal alternative extraction technique for obtaining extracts of high bioactivity from maqui berries. In order to determine the optimal conditions, the extraction variables (percentage of methanol, pH, temperature, ratio “sample mass/volume of solvent”, amplitude, and cycle) were analyzed by a Box-Behnken design, in conjunction with the response surface method. The statistical analysis revealed that the temperature and the percentage of methanol were the most influential variables on the extraction of the total phenolic compounds and total anthocyanins, respectively. The optimal extraction time was determined at 15 min for total phenolic compounds, while it was only 5 min for anthocyanins. The developed methods showed a high precision level with a coefficient of variation of less than 5%. Finally, the new methods were successfully applied to several real samples. Subsequently, the results were compared to those that were obtained in previous experiments by means of microwave assisted extraction (MAE). Similar extraction yields were obtained for phenolic compounds under optimized conditions. However, UAE proved to be slightly more efficient than MAE in the extraction of anthocyanins.

scholarly journals Vermicompost on the production and nutraceutical quality of jalapeño pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-803
Author(s):  
Bernardo Espinosa-Palomeque ◽  
Pedro Cano-Ríos ◽  
Lilia Salas-Pérez ◽  
Gabriela González-Rodríguez ◽  
Arturo Reyes-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Average Ratio

The vermicompost is used as a source of nutrients and substrate in protected horticulture because it promotes crop production more sustainable. The objective was to evaluate different proportions of vermicompost: sand (VC:S, v:v) on quality and yield of jalapeño pepper produced in greenhouse environments. Five proportions were compared VC:S, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and a control: (Steiner nutrient solution). The experiment was established in a randomized blocks design with ten replications. On average ratio, VC:S (1:1) produce highest fruit weight, fruit length, total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity against to control treatment (0:1 VC:S). Those results indicate that VC is a fertilization alternative to increase nutraceutical fruit quality, without decrease the jalapeño pepper yield.

Changes of Phytochemical Contents in Sweet and Waxy Corn (Zea mays L.) as Affected by Cultivars and Growth Stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-169
Author(s):  
Anuchita Moongngarm ◽  
Amaraphon Homduang ◽  
Wariya Hochin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Waxy Corn ◽  
Phytochemical Contents

Background: Sweet and waxy corn (Zea mays L.) are high in phytochemicals which vary depending on several factors including corn cultivars and the maturation stage. Methods: Five commercial sweet and waxy corn cultivars were grown and their major phytochemical compositions were investigated at the milk, late milk, and soft dough stages. Phytochemicals in corn samples harvested from each kernel maturation stage were determined as total phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, tocopherols, and carotenoids. Results: Significant interactions between the corn cultivars and maturation stage were detected for all phytochemical compositions, with changes in their concentration during seed development. Total phenolic compounds and total anthocyanins were highest in the dark purple waxy variety (316.74 mg GAE/100 g of DW and 522.21 mg CGE/100 g of DW, respectively) in which cyanidin was the major anthocyanin. Carotenoid compositions were also affected by corn type and harvesting stage. The yellow sweet cultivars indicated higher levels of carotenoids than other colors, with lutein as the major carotenoid at concentrations from 0.05 to 8.46 µg/g of DW. Contents of γ-tocotrienol, γ-tocopherol, and α-tocopherol were observed in all five corn cultivars with similar influences of the maturation stage. Conclusion: Results suggested that the phytochemical contents of all five corn types showed diverse reliance regarding cultivars and maturity stages. The purple waxy and yellow sweet corn cultivars contained a high level of phytochemicals. This would open up a useful opportunity for the functional food industry as consumption of these corn cultivars would afford health benefits to consumers.

scholarly journals Impact of Cold Storage on Bioactive Compounds and Their Stability of 36 Organically Grown Beetroot Genotypes

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1281
Author(s):  
Khadijeh Yasaminshirazi ◽  
Jens Hartung ◽  
Michael Fleck ◽  
Simone Graeff-Hönninger
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars

In order to exploit the functional properties of fresh beetroot all year round, maintaining the health-benefiting compounds is the key factor. Thirty-six beetroot genotypes were evaluated regarding their content of total dry matter, total phenolic compounds, betalain, nitrate, and total soluble sugars directly after harvest and after cold storage periods of one and four months. Samples were collected from two field experiments, which were conducted under organic conditions in Southwestern Germany in 2017 and 2018. The outcome of this study revealed a significant influence of genotype (p < 0.05) on all measured compounds. Furthermore, significant impacts were shown for storage period on total dry matter content, nitrate, and total phenolic compounds. The medians of nitrate content based on the genotypes studied within the experiment ranged between 4179 ± 1267–20,489 ± 2988 mg kg−1 DW (dry weight), and that for the total phenolic compounds varied between 201.45 ± 13.13 mg GAE 100 g−1 DW and 612.39 ± 40.58 mg GAE 100 g−1 DW (milligrams of gallic acid equivalents per 100 g of dry weight). According to the significant influence of the interactions of storage period and genotype on total soluble sugars and betalain, the decrease or increase in the content of the assessed compounds during the cold storage noted to be genotype-specific. Therefore, to benefit beetroots with retained quality for an extended time after harvest, selection of the suitable genotype based on the intended final use is recommended.

Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Petkova ◽  
Manol Ognyanov ◽  
Blaga Inyutin ◽  
Petar Zhelev ◽  
Panteley Denev
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Malus Baccata

Crab apple (Malus baccata (L.) Borkh.) was mainly distributed in Europe as an ornamental plant, but the nutritional properties of its edible fruits were not fully revealed. The aim of the current study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of ripen carb apple fruits and to evaluate their nutritional and antioxidant potentials. The fruits were assayed for moisture and ash content, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total phenolic compounds and natural pigments. Among the analyzed carbohydrates cellulose was found in the highest content (6% dw), followed by sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and 1.8 % dw uronic acids. The total chlorophylls and carotenoids contents in their fruits were 6.51 and 4.80 μg/g fw, respectively. Total monomeric anthocyanins were not detected. The highest content of total phenolic compounds (2.67 mg GAE/g fw) was found in 95 % ethanol extract from fruits, while the total flavonoids were relatively low – 0.1 mg QE/g fw. DPPH assay (17.27 mM TE/g fw) and FRAP assay (14.34 mM TE/g fw) demonstrated in vitro antioxidant activities of crabapple. Malus baccata fruits were evaluated as a rich source of dietary fibers and phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant potential that could be used in human nutrition.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Silicon and Proline Application on the Oxidative Machinery in Drought-Stressed Sugar Beet

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Muneera D. F. AlKahtani ◽  
Yaser M. Hafez ◽  
Kotb Attia ◽  
Emadeldeen Rashwan ◽  
Latifa Al Husnain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Yield Parameters

Drought stress deleteriously affects growth, development and productivity in plants. So, we examined the silicon effect (2 mmol) and proline (10 mmol) individually or the combination (Si + proline) in alleviating the harmful effect of drought on total phenolic compounds, reactive oxygen species (ROS), chlorophyll concentration and antioxidant enzymes as well as yield parameters of drought-stressed sugar beet plants during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons. Our findings indicated that the root diameter and length (cm), root and shoot fresh weights (g plant−1) as well as root and sugar yield significantly decreased in sugar beet plants under drought. Relative water content (RWC), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents and chlorophyll (Chl) concentration considerably reduced in stressed sugar beet plants that compared with control in both seasons. Nonetheless, lipid peroxidation (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2●−) considerably elevated as signals of drought. Drought-stressed sugar beet plants showed an increase in proline accumulation, total phenolic compounds and up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity to mitigate drought effects. Si and proline individually or the combination Si + proline considerably increased root and sugar yield, sucrose%, Chl concentration and RWC, MDA and EL were remarkably reduced. The treatments led to adjust proline and total phenolic compounds as well as CAT and SOD activity in stressed sugar beet plants. We concluded that application of Si + proline under drought stress led to improve the resistance of sugar beet by regulating of proline, antioxidant enzymes, phenolic compounds and improving RWC, Chl concentration and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (NPK) contents as well as yield parameters.

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