scholarly journals Characterization of Citrusnobilis Peel Methanolic Extract for Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4310
Author(s):  
Anjali Malik ◽  
Agnieszka Najda ◽  
Aarti Bains ◽  
Renata Nurzyńska-Wierdak ◽  
Prince Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficiency ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Peel Extract

Currently, the potential utilization of fruits and vegetable waste as a source of micronutrients and antioxidants has increased. The present study, therefore, aimed to determine the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of Citrus nobilis peel extract. A modified solvent evaporation technique was employed for peel extract preparation. For effective utilization of the natural product, quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds was carried out using liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy technique. Phenolic and flavonoids were present in high amounts, while β-carotene and lycopene were present in vestigial amounts. The antimicrobial efficiency of peel extract was evaluated against four bacterial strains including Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 3160), Klebsiella pneumoniae (MTCC 3384), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 2295), and Salmonella typhimurium (MTCC 1254), and one fungal strain Candida albicans (MTCC 183), and zone of inhibition was comparable to the positive control streptomycin and amphotericin B, respectively. The extract of Citrus nobilis peels showed effective anti-inflammatory activity during human red blood cell membrane stabilization (HRBC) and albumin denaturation assay. The extracts also exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity ranging from 53.46 to 81.13%. Therefore, the obtained results suggest that Citrus nobilis peel could be used as an excellent source of polyphenols and transformed into value-added products.

scholarly journals Assessment of Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Woodfordia fruticosa Flowers: GC-MS Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7193
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Najda ◽  
Aarti Bains ◽  
Prince Chawla ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Sebastian Balant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Woodfordia Fruticosa

Currently, the potential utilization of natural plant-derived extracts for medicinal and therapeutic purposes has increased remarkably. The current study, therefore, aimed to assess the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of modified solvent evaporation-assisted ethanolic extract of Woodfordia fruticosa flowers. For viable use of the extract, qualitative analysis of phytochemicals and their identification was carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. Analysis revealed that phenolic (65.62 ± 0.05 mg/g), flavonoid (62.82 ± 0.07 mg/g), and ascorbic acid (52.46 ± 0.1 mg/g) components were present in high amounts, while β-carotene (62.92 ± 0.02 µg/mg) and lycopene (60.42 ± 0.8 µg/mg) were present in lower amounts. The antimicrobial proficiency of modified solvent-assisted extract was evaluated against four pathogenic bacterial and one fungal strain, namely Staphylococcusaureus (MTCC 3160), Klebsiellapneumoniae (MTCC 3384), Pseudomonasaeruginosa (MTCC 2295), and Salmonellatyphimurium (MTCC 1254), and Candidaalbicans (MTCC 183), respectively. The zone of inhibition was comparable to antibiotics streptomycin and amphotericin were used as a positive control for pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. The extract showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity during the albumin denaturation assay (43.56–86.59%) and HRBC membrane stabilization assay (43.62–87.69%). The extract showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay and the obtained results are comparable with BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) and BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) with percentage inhibitions of 82.46%, 83.34%, and 84.23%, respectively. Therefore, the obtained results concluded that ethanolic extract of Woodfordia fruticosa flowers could be utilized as a magnificent source of phenols used for the manufacturing of value-added food products.

scholarly journals Bioactivity-Guided Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hippophae rhamnoides Fruits

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dóra Rédei ◽  
Norbert Kúsz ◽  
Nikoletta Jedlinszki ◽  
Gábor Blazsó ◽  
István Zupkó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hippophae Rhamnoides ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Hippophaë Rhamnoides ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
First Time ◽  
Peel Extract

AbstractAccording to modern ethnobotanical records, the fruit of Hippophae rhamnoides is effective in the treatment of different allergic symptoms. In order to obtain pharmacological evidence for this observation, the fruit was investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using in vivo animal models. Aqueous and 70% MeOH extracts were tested in 48/80-induced rat paw edema assay after oral administration, and it was found that the 70% MeOH extract (500 mg/kg) reduced significantly edema volume (0.660 ± 0.082 mL vs. control 0.935 ± 0.041 mL). Extracts of different parts of the fruit (pulp, peel, seed) were investigated in the same assay, and the peel extract was shown to exhibit maximum edema-reducing effect (0.470 ± 0.124 mL vs. control 0.920 ± 0.111 mL). This extract was used to elucidate the mode of action. Different inflammation inducers (serotonin, histamine, dextran, bradykinin, and carrageenan) were applied in the rat paw model, but the extract inhibited only the compound 48/80 elicited inflammation. The active extract was then fractionated by solvent-solvent partitioning and chromatographic methods with the guidance of the 48/80-induced anti-inflammatory assay, and the main compounds responsible for the activity were identified as ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. Our data suggest that the activity is most probably based on a membrane stabilizing effect caused by the inhibition of degranulation of mast cells. Moreover, previously unknown 2,5-bis-aryl-3,4-dimethyltetrahydrofuran lignans, nectandrin B, fragransin A2, and saucernetindiol were isolated and identified from H. rhamnoides for the first time.

scholarly journals Demonstration of Phytochemicals and In-vitro Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory activity by methanolic extract of Elettaria cardamomum

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Md. Shahidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Elettaria Cardamomum ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

The existing research study attempts to untie novel avenues for development of the medicinal exercises of Elettaria cardamomum, fashionable known as the “Queen of Spices” and locally recognized as “elaichi”. Its seeds are utilized as abortifacient, acrid, alexiteric, aromatic, sweet, cardiac tonic, cooling, carminative, digestive, diuretic, expectorant, stimulant and also tonic beneficial in the asthma, haemorrhoids, bronchitis, strangury, renal in addition to vesical calculi, anorexia, halitosis, gastropathy dyspepsia as well as burning sensation. The prime goal of this research work is to evaluate antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory properties of the traditional Bangladeshi medicinal extracts in addition to examine these activities. The aim in present work was to screen the phytochemical profile as well as pharmacological activities of the methanolic extract of this plant’s leaves. To explore pharmacological actions DPPH scavenging test and the HRBC membrane stabilization techniques were done for the antioxidant and also anti-inflammatory test respectively. The pharmacological works revealed that plant extracts might have noteworthy antioxidant effect which is possibly mediated by the inhibition of DPPH free radical which is accountable for oxidation. The IC50 values by the DPPH scavenging test observed for the standard and the leaves were 106.38µg/ml & 594.47µg/ml respectively. There is also moderate anti-inflammatory activity. The IC50 values for anti-inflammatory activity by standard & leaves were 35.04µg/ml and 944.0 µg/ml respectively.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Anti-Inflammatory Activity, and In Silico Study of Novel Diclofenac and Isatin Conjugates

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Musab Mohamed Ibrahim ◽  
Tilal Elsaman ◽  
Mosab Yahya Al-Nour
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Screening ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Docking Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Molecular Docking Study ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The design, synthesis, and development of novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with better activity and lower side effects are respectable area of research. Novel Diclofenac Schiff’s bases (M1, M2, M4, M7, and M8) were designed and synthesized, and their respective chemical structures were deduced using various spectral tools (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS). The compounds were synthesized via Schiff’s condensation reaction and their anti-inflammatory activity was investigated applying the Carrageenan-induced paw edema model against Diclofenac as positive control. Percentage inhibition of edema indicated that all compounds were exhibiting a comparable anti-inflammatory activity as Diclofenac. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory activity was supported via virtual screening using molecular docking study. Interestingly compound M2 showed the highest in vivo activity (61.32% inhibition) when compared to standard Diclofenac (51.36% inhibition) as well as the best binding energy score (-10.765) and the virtual screening docking score (-12.142).

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ASAM KANDIS (GARCINIA XANTHOCHYMUS HOOK. F. EX T. ANDERSON) FRUIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Hanafis Sastra Winata ◽  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Panal Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Garcinia Xanthochymus ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

 Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity in acute and subacute models of inflammation from ethanolic fruit extract of Asam kandis (Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex T. Anderson) in animal (rats) models.Methods: Pleliminary phytochemical screening was carried out by using standard procedures.. Assessment of acute and subacute models of inflammation was using carrageenan-induced paw edema method and cotton pellet granuloma method using three dosage treatments; 200 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW, and 800 mg/kg BW along with a negative control group (0.5% Na CMC) and positive control (Na diclofenac 2.25 mg/kg BW). The inhibition period was observed at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min time intervals.Result: The phytochemical screening showed that the ethanolic fruit extract from Asam kandis contain contains flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, and triterpenoids. The anti-inflammatory result showed that the strongest inhibition produced by ethanolic fruit extract of Asam kandis occurred on the dosage of 800 mg/kg BW compared to the other doses (200 and 400 mg/kg BW) throughout the observation period.Conclusion: This finding indicated that ethanolic fruit extract of Asam kandis (G. xanthochymus Hook. f. ex T. Anderson) might become an interesting candidate for treatment of inflammation.

scholarly journals ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF TINOCRISPOSIDE BY INHIBITING NITRIC OXIDE PRODUCTION IN LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES-STIMULATED RAW 264.7 CELLS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adek Zamrud Adnan ◽  
Muhammad Taher ◽  
Tika Afriani ◽  
Annisa Fauzana ◽  
Dewi Imelda Roesma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

 Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of tinocrisposide using lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Tinocrisposide is a furano diterpene glycoside that was isolated in our previous study from Tinospora crispa.Methods: Anti-inflammatory effect was quantified spectrometrically using Griess method by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production after the addition of Griess reagent.Results: The sample concentrations of 1, 5, 25, 50, and 100 μM and 100 μM of dexamethasone (positive control) have been tested against the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and the results showed NO level production of 39.23, 34.00, 28.9, 20.25, 16.3, and 13.68 μM, respectively, and the inhibition level of 22.67, 33.00, 43.03, 60.10, 68.00, and 73%, respectively.Conclusions: From the study, it could be concluded that tinocrisposide was able to inhibit the formation of NO in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in concentration activity-dependent manner, with half-maximal inhibition concentration 46.92 μM. It can be developed as anti-inflammatory candidate drug because NO is a reactive nitrogen species which is produced by NO synthase. The production of NO has been established as a mediator in inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Epidendrum coryophorum leaves.

Bionatura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1387-1393
Author(s):  
Irina Francesca González Mera ◽  
Orestes Darío López Hernández ◽  
Vivian Morera Córdova
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Epidendrum coryophorum belongs to the Orchidaceae family. Traditional uses of some species for this genus include infusions of the leaves used for kidney problems, treat influenza, conjunctivitis, liver pain, relieve kidney symptoms, and hypoglycemic effect. This work's objective was to determine the phytochemical profile of the ethanolic extract of Epidendrum coryophorum leaves and to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory activity in vitro of the extract employing the erythrocyte membrane stabilization method. The phytochemical screening carried out in this work suggested phenols, coumarins, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and sterols in the ethanolic extract of Epidendrum coryophorum leaves. Cardiotonic glycosides and carbohydrates were also found. The ethanolic extract's UV-Vis spectrum showed absorption maxima at 268 nm and 332 nm, which could correspond to flavonoids of the flavonoid classes, 3-OH substituted flavonols, or isoflavones. The quantitative determination of total phenols of the ethanolic extract was carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The total phenolic content expressed as mg Gallic acid equivalent (G.A.E.) per gram of extract was found to be 19,96 mgGAE/g of Epidendrum coryophorum. The ethanolic extract of Epidendrum coryophorum leaves showed hemolysis inhibition values ​​of 18,19% at 1,0 mg/mL, 38,98% at 1,5 mg/mL and 40,94% at 2,5 mg/mL compared with aspirin (positive control) giving values ​​of 65,33% at 1,0 mg/mL, 72,26% at 1,5 mg/mL and 73,75% at 2,5 mg/mL. The values ​​obtained for inhibition of hemolysis with ethanolic extract, compared with the values ​​obtained with a pure anti-inflammatory, are significant and demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity in Epidendrum coryophorum. Keywords: Epidendrum coryophorum, total phenolic content, microencapsulation, anti-inflammatory activity

scholarly journals Screening for anti-inflammatory activity of extract and fractions of Morinda lucida stem bark and detection of bioactive secondary metabolite

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 031-039
Author(s):  
Chukwubuikem C. Okolo ◽  
Nancy A. Mbachu ◽  
Ogechi O. Anyanwu ◽  
Kenneth G. Ngwoke ◽  
Festus B.C. Okoye
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Egg Albumen ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Ear Oedema ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae) is a versatile plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of a variety of ailments and the claims of its efficacy are particularly remarkable in the treatment of infections and immuno-inflammatory disorders. This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory properties of methanolic stem bark extract and fractions of M. lucida and also identifies the phytochemicals responsible for its anti-inflammatory activity. The crude extract was subjected to liquid- liquid partitioning successively with n- hexane, ethylacetate, butanol and water. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the four fractions and Vacuum Liquid Chromatography fraction (VLC) of the promising fraction was evaluated. The effect of the fractions on egg albumen induced rat paw oedema were also evaluated. Anti-inflammatory activity of the fractions was further screened using xylene induce ear oedema models and human red blood cell membrane stabilization test. Ulcerogenic test on the normal stomach mucosa was also evaluated. The result of the egg albumen induced rat paw oedema showed that the butanol fractions maximally inhibited egg albumen induced effect at 400 mg/kg (70%) and 200mg/kg (67.5%) after 180 minutes compared to the positive control, ibuprofen (20mg/kg) with 100% inhibition after 180 minutes. The result of the xylene induced ear oedema showed that the inhibition produced by 100 µg/ear of the Butanol fraction (BF) was 56.67 % and was greater than inhibition produced by 200 µg/ear of ibuprofen (38.89 %). HPLC analysis of the fractions revealed the following phytocompounds; Cytreo- a-pyrone, Cytosporin- J and Waol A. Ulcerogenic test was negative at the doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of the fractions when compare with the indomethacin (positive control) at dose of 50 mg/kg. Human red blood cell membrane stabilization assay showed that BF-VLC 2 (Dichloromethane: methanol (8:2) VLC of Butanol fraction) exhibited concentration dependent inhibition of heat-induced haemolysis while other extract showed a non- concentration dependent inhibition of haemolysis when compared to the standard, ibuprofen. These findings suggest that the stem bark of M. lucida possess promising anti-inflammatory phytocompounds which justify its use in ethno-medicine.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING, FREE-RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF MELIOSMA SIMPLICIFOLIA (L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
S. PAVITHR ◽  
T. SEKAR
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Objective: In the current research, to determine the stem extract of Meliosma simplicifolia (L.) for total phenol, tannin, total flavonoid, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory and identify the phytoconstituents utilizing GC-MS and FT-IR. Methods: The ability of the plant extract to act as hydrogen/electrons donor or scavenger of radicals was determined by in vitro antioxidant assays using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH) scavenging, reducing power assay, superoxide radical (O2•) scavenging activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan and formalin-induced paw edema models using Wistar albino rats. The GC-MS and FT-IR analysis of the methanolic stem extract of M. simplicifolia was revealed the presence of phytochemicals. Results: Quantitative studies of estimated phenol, flavonoid and tannin, as for the methanol extract of stem showed the highest content of phenolic compounds (39.83±3.62GAE mg/100). Antioxidant activities were concluded the estimation M. simplicifolia stem for as followed the studies. In stem the methanol extract showed the highest DPPH scavenging activity (124.3µg/ml). The anti-inflammatory activity has shown in high doses of methanolic extract 250 mg/kg of significant value (p<0.05) inhibition of paw edema, on 6th hour, respectively. The FT-IR analysis has confirmed their characteristic peak values and functional groups. Conclusion: M. simplicifolia has an effective of anti-inflammatory activity and constitutes a potential source for the development of new treatments.

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