scholarly journals Comparison of the Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activities of the Various Extracts from Leaves and Twigs of Illicium verum

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3909
Author(s):  
Emirlyn-Cheng Yang ◽  
Ya-Yun Hsieh ◽  
Li-Yeh Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Supercritical Co2 Extraction ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Illicium Verum ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Previous studies have revealed the numerous biological activities of the fruits of Illicium verum; however, the activities of its leaves and twigs have remained undiscovered. The study aimed to investigate the phytochemical components and antibacterial activity of the various extracts from the leaves and twigs of Illicium verum. The herbal extracts were prepared by supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) and 95% ethanol extraction, followed by partition extraction based on solvent polarity. Analysis of antimicrobial activity was conducted through the usage of nine clinical antibiotic- resistant isolates, including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Among the tested samples, the SFE extracts exhibited broader and stronger antibacterial activities against the test strains, with a range of MIC between 0.1–4.0 mg/mL and MBC between 0.2–4.5 mg/mL. Observations made through scanning electron microscopy revealed potential mechanism of the antimicrobial activities involved disruption of membrane integrity of the test pathogens. Evaluation of the chemical composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry indicated the presence of anethole, anisyl aldehyde, anisyl acetone and anisyl alcohol within the SFE extracts, demonstrating significant correlations with the antibacterial activities observed. Therefore, the leaves and twigs of Illicium verum hold great potential in being developed as new natural antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Wormwood (Artemisia absinthiumL.) Essential Oils and Phenolics

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel Msaada ◽  
Nidhal Salem ◽  
Olfa Bachrouch ◽  
Slim Bousselmi ◽  
Sonia Tammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

The aim of this study was to determine the chemical variability of wormwood extracts as affected by the growing region. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were also investigated. The essential oil composition variability ofA. absinthiumL. aerial parts collected from four different Tunisian regions was assessed by gas chromatography (GC/FID) and by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In addition, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins as well as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of methanolic extract and essential oils were undertaken. Chromatographic analysis of wormwood essential oils showed the predominance of monoterpene hydrocarbons represented mainly by chamazulene. RP-HPLC analysis of wormwood methanolic extract revealed the predominance of phenolic acids. Antiradical activity was region-dependant and the methanolic extract of Bou Salem region has the strongest activity (CI50=9.38±0.82 µg/mL). Concerning the reducing power, the methanolic extract of Bou Salem, Jérissa, and Boukornine regions was more active than the positive control. Obtained results of antimicrobial activities showed that wormwood essential oil is endowed with important antibacterial activity which was strongly related to the organoleptic quality of oil which appeared strongly region-dependant.A. absinthiumL. EOs investigated are quite interesting from a pharmaceutical standpoint because of their biological activities.

scholarly journals Influence of Growth Phase on the Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Satureja hortensis

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jamal Saharkhiz ◽  
Kamiar Zomorodian ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rezaei ◽  
Farshid Saadat ◽  
Mohammad Javad Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Immature Fruit ◽  
Satureja Hortensis ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Wide Range

The variations in quantity and quality of essential oils (EOs) from the aerial parts of cultivated Satureja hortensis were determined at different stages of harvesting. The EOs of air-dried samples were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antimicrobial activity of the EOs was investigated by broth microdilution methods. The amount of EOs (w/w, %) were 2.3, 2.5, 2.0, and 1.8% at floral budding, full flowering, immature fruit, and ripened fruit stages, respectively. γ-Terpinene was the major compound of the EO at all developmental stages, except the ripened fruit stage when it was replaced by carvacrol (46.4%). The EOs exhibited strong antibacterial activities against the tested bacteria. Moreover, the EOs either inhibited or killed the examined yeasts at concentrations ranging from 0.03-8.0 μL/mL. Considering the wide range of antimicrobial activities of the examined EOs, they might have potential to be used in the management of infective agents.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Oregano Essential Oil and Its Fractions Obtained by Vacuum Distillation

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena de J. Rostro-Alanis ◽  
Juan Báez-González ◽  
Cynthia Torres-Alvarez ◽  
Roberto Parra-Saldívar ◽  
José Rodriguez-Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Vacuum Distillation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oregano Essential Oil ◽  
Almost All

Oregano (Poliomintha longiflora) essential oil (Ooil) is a product of high commercial value and many applications, including chemotherapy. Aiming to achieve the best use of this resource, the present study focuses on the characterization of separated fractions of Ooil by fractional vacuum distillation at low pressure. Four fractions (F1–F4) and undistilled oil (Unoil) were separated from Ooil and analyzed for their chemical composition and biological activities, such as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry shows differences in the composition among the fractions and Ooil. The amount of monoterpenes oxygenated (MO), sesquiterpenes hydrocarbon (SeH) and monoterpenes hydrocarbon (MH) varied between the fractions in ranges of 1.51–68.08, 3.31–25.12 and 1.91–97.75%, respectively. The major concentrations of MO and SeH were observed in F4 and Unoil. On the other hand, the highest concentrations of MH were found in F1 and F2, while the lowest were in F4 and Unoil. These results were correlated with the biological activity. Free-radical scavenging activity varied among fractions, with F4 and Unoil showing the highest activity. The antimicrobial test showed that F4 and Unoil had the highest activity in almost all cases. The correlation between the variables studied in the different fractions allows the definition of the particular properties for each one of them.

scholarly journals “Smart” Triiodide Compounds: Does Halogen Bonding Influence Antimicrobial Activities?

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edis ◽  
Haj Bloukh ◽  
Abu Sara ◽  
Bhakhoa ◽  
Rhyman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Free Iodine

Antimicrobial agents containing symmetrical triiodides complexes with halogen bonding may release free iodine molecules in a controlled manner. This happens due to interactions with the plasma membrane of microorganisms which lead to changes in the structure of the triiodide anion. To verify this hypothesis, the triiodide complex [Na(12-crown-4)2]I3 was prepared by an optimized one-pot synthesis and tested against 18 clinical isolates, 10 reference strains of pathogens and five antibiotics. The antimicrobial activities of this symmetrical triiodide complex were determined by zone of inhibition plate studies through disc- and agar-well-diffusion methods. The triiodide complex proved to be a broad spectrum microbicidal agent. The biological activities were related to the calculated partition coefficient (octanol/water). The microstructural analysis of SEM and EDS undermined the purity of the triiodide complex. The anionic structure consists of isolated, symmetrical triiodide anions [I-I-I]- with halogen bonding. Computational methods were used to calculate the energy required to release iodine from [I-I-I]- and [I-I···I]-. The halogen bonding in the triiodide ion reduces the antibacterial activities in comparison to the inhibitory actions of pure iodine but increases the long term stability of [Na(12-crown-4)2]I3.

Phytochemical and Biological Activities of five Turanecio Hamzaoglu (Asteraceae) Species from Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Sevil Albayrak ◽  
Ahmet Aksoy ◽  
Abit Yasar ◽  
Lutfiye Yurtseven ◽  
Umit Budak
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Promising Source

Objectives: In vitro biological activities of methanolic extracts of five Turanecio species have been studied. Materials and Methods: The phenolic compositions of the extracts were evaluated by the Folin- Ciocalteu assay and by HPLC analysis. Antioxidant activities were determined with two in vitro assays namely, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay and phosphomolybdenum assay. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were evaluated against 13 microorganisms. Results: T. hypochionaeus var. hypochionaeus was showed the highest DPPH inhibition with 88.84% at 100 μg·mL-1. All of the extracts were exerted high total antioxidant activities 128.00- 243.13 mg AAE g-1) and seem to be a promising source of natural antioxidants. The phenolic contents in the extracts varied from 26.17 to 60.99 mg·g-1 as gallic acid equivalent. Chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and p- coumaric acid were the predominant constituents. The methanolic extracts revealed promising antibacterial activities against most bacteria. No activity was recorded against yeasts tested. Conclusion: The polyphenolic constituents appear to be responsible, at least in part, for the extract’s activities. The present study confirms that tested Turanecio species contains significant source of phenolics have antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and may have therapeutic potential.

Chemical Components and Antimicrobial Activities of Tea Tree Hydrosol and Their Correlation With Tea Tree Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110383
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Li ◽  
Dan Shen ◽  
Qiushuang Zang ◽  
Yan Qiu ◽  
Xuedong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
Paper Disc

Tea tree hydrosol (TTH) is the aqueous phase of the distillate from the steam distillation process of the twigs and leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia. In this study, the chemical components of TTH were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The major components were terpenoids (1.53 mg/mL), including monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. The antibacterial activity of TTH was assessed by paper disc agar diffusion and broth dilution methods. Terpinen-4-ol (MIC: 0.31-0.62 mg/mL), 2- endo-hydroxy-1,8-cineole (MIC: 1.25-2.50 mg/mL) and p-menth-3-ene-1,2-diol (MIC: 0.62-2.50 mg/mL) were the main antibacterial components of TTH. The results showed that the major components of TTH and tea tree oil (TTO) had the same parent structures, but different degrees of oxidation. Terpinen-4-ol was the most abundant component in both TTH (624.2 μg/mL) and TTO (35-48%), and played a major role in antibacterial activities. This is the first report on the chemical components and antibacterial activities of TTH and their correlation with TTO, which demonstrates the potential application of TTH as a natural antimicrobial agent in health care products.

scholarly journals Biological Activities of Synthetic Analogs of Halocidin, an Antimicrobial Peptide from the Tunicate Halocynthia aurantium

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2481-2486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woong Sik Jang ◽  
Chong Han Kim ◽  
Kyu Nam Kim ◽  
Shin Yong Park ◽  
Joon Ha Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Amino Terminus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Lysine Residues ◽  
Carboxyl Terminal

ABSTRACT Halocidin is a heterodimer antimicrobial peptide previously isolated from the tunicate Halocynthia aurantium. Based on the larger monomer (18Hc) of halocidin, nine halocidin congeners, including a series of 6 peptides truncated successively from the carboxyl-terminal end of 18Hc and 3 analogs (18HcKK, K19Hc, and K19HcKK), which have lysine residues in place of two internal histidines or have a lysine added to the amino terminus of the 18Hc molecule, were prepared. Each peptide was also converted into a homodimeric version. The antimicrobial activities of halocidin congeners truncated from the C terminus were dramatically decreased, suggesting that the full length of 18Hc is required for maintaining its maximum antimicrobial activity. Dimer forms of halocidin congeners exhibited stronger antimicrobial activities than the monomer of the corresponding peptide. Four dimer peptides (di-18Hc, di-18HcKK, di-K19Hc, and di-K19HcKK) were analyzed for antimicrobial activities against 10 clinically isolated antibiotic-resistant bacteria in elevated concentrations of NaCl or MgCl2. Of the peptides studied here, di-K19Hc retained invariably strong activity against all bacteria in diverse conditions and also showed much reduced hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes.

scholarly journals Volatilome Analyses and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils from Five South African Helichrysum Species

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Najar ◽  
Valeria Nardi ◽  
Claudio Cervelli ◽  
Giulia Mecacci ◽  
Francesca Mancianti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
South African ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Agar Disc

Helichrysum genus was used in folk South African medicine to treat various human disorders. As a part of our on-going research addressing the exploitation of South African plants belonging to this genus, five species were investigated for their volatile and antimicrobial activities. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the essential oils (EOs) were analysed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Microdilution was the method used for assessing both antimycotic and antibacterial activities, which was also tested by Kirby-Bauer agar disc diffusion. Total monoterpenes (TMs) dominated the VOCs of four species (H. trilineatum (70.6%), H. edwardsii (79.3%), H. cooperi (84.5%), and H. pandurifolium (57.0%)). H. cooperi and H. edwardsii EOs showed the predominance of TMs (68.2% and 84.5%, respectively), while H. pandurifolium and H. trilineatum EOs were characterized by the prevalence of TSs (86.5% and 43.6%, respectively). H. odoratissimum EO evidenced a similar amount of both TMs (49.5%) and TSs (46.4%). Microsporum canis was more sensitive to these EOs. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was observed with H. pandurifolium and H. edwardsii EOs (0.25%). H. pandurifolium and H. trilineatum had a good effect on Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 5%). These findings open new perspectives for the exploitation of these natural compounds for application in cosmetics and pharmaceutics.

scholarly journals Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Antibiotic Producing Bacillus licheniformis Strains Isolated from Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2363-2370
Author(s):  
Anhar Al-Turk ◽  
Nidal Odat ◽  
Muhannad I. Massadeh
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Arid Area ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Currently, there is an increase prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria worldwide. Therefore, the need for characterization of naturally occuring antibiotics with less antibiotic resistance is required. Soil resources contains valuable antibiotic producing microorganisms that increasingly being utilized for the production of suitable antibiotics. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying an antibiotic bacteria with ability of producing antibiotic that is isolated from soil samples collected from Al Zarqa provenance, an arid area in Jordan. Morphological and biochemical characterization of the isolates were carried out and found that all of the isolates belong to Bacillus genus. Further confirmation of the characterization of the bacteria was done by ribosomal RNA and PCR. The results reveal that the isolates represent Basilluslicheniformis. These bacilli were further investigated for antimicrobial activities against 6 ATCC human pathogens viz., S. aureus, S. pneumonia, Salmonella typhi., E. coli, P. mirabels and E. cloacae. Additionally, the results of Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) of ethyl acetate extracts for B. licheniformis secondary metabolites showed that they contain two main antimicrobial compounds namely Pyrrolo [1, 2-a] pyrazine-1, 4-dione,hexahydro and Trans-13-octadecenoic acid. The present work maybe suggests that soil isolates from the studied arid area include antibiotic producing strains that can be utilized commercially.

Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity and Molecular Docking Studies of New Pyrazole Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-756
Author(s):  
Adnan Cetin ◽  
Havva Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Docking Simulation ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Drug

Background: The pyrazole structure is an important heterocyclic structure and plays critical roles in agriculture, industrial and medicine. Furthermore, compounds containing pyrazole are known to exhibit various biological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antiinflammatory, antidepressant, antipyretic, antiviral, anti-tubercular and anti-HIV activities. Because of these properties, pyrazole molecules have become a very popular topic for organic chemists. Methods: A series newly substituted pyrazole molecules were synthesized and characterized. Their antimicrobial activities were investigated by disk diffusion method against some gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria. Results: The present results indicated that the some test compounds were active in a broad spectrum against important human pathogenic microorganisms. The substituted pyrazoles including carbazone (7a, b) and thiazolidine (8a, b) showed a wide variety of biological activities. The results showed that synthesized pyrazole, compounds 7b and 8b are highly active and more potent in both biological and molecular docking simulation studies. Conclusion: The synthesized pyrazole molecules showed moderate antibacterial activities against the tested microorganism compared to antibiotic drug. Some test compounds (7b and 8b) might be used as new antibacterial agents.

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