scholarly journals Adsorptive Removal of Cd, Cu, Ni and Mn from Environmental Samples Using Fe3O4-Zro2@APS Nanocomposite: Kinetic and Equilibrium Isotherm Studies

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3209
Author(s):  
Aphiwe Siyasanga Gugushe ◽  
Anele Mpupa ◽  
Tshimangadzo Saddam Munonde ◽  
Luthando Nyaba ◽  
Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetic Nanomaterials ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Wastewater Samples

In this study, Fe3O4-ZrO2 functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (Fe3O4-ZrO2@APS) nanocomposite was investigated as a nanoadsorbent for the removal of Cd(II), Cu(II), Mn (II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution and real samples in batch mode systems. The prepared magnetic nanomaterials were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersion x-ray (SEM/EDX) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Factors (such as adsorbent dose and sample pH) affecting the adsorption behavior of the removal process were studied using the response surface methodology. Under optimized condition, equilibrium data obtained were fitted into the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the data fitted well with Langmuir isotherms. Langmuir adsorption capacities (mg/g) were found to be 113, 111, 128, and 123 mg/g for Cd, Cu, Ni and Mn, respectively. In addition, the adsorption kinetics was analyzed using five kinetic models, pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intraparticle diffusion and Boyd models. The adsorbent was successfully applied for removal of Cd(II), Cu(II), Mn (II) and Ni(II) ions in wastewater samples.

scholarly journals Magnetized Chitosan Nanocomposite as an Effective Adsorbent for the Removal of Methylene Blue and Malachite Green Dyes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouzia Mashkoor ◽  
Abu Nasar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data

Abstract Herein, a magnetically separable Fe3O4 decorated chitosan was facilely synthesized, systematically characterized, and subsequently employed as a versatile adsorbing material for the adsorption of malachite green and methylene blue dyes. The prepared adsorbent was characteristically examined through Fourier transform infra-red microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, transmission electron microscopy X-ray diffraction, Brunauere-Emmette-Teller surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and vibrating-sample magnetometry techniques. The performance of adsorbent was studied in batch mode and the the time-dependent experimental data were analyzed with different kinetic models, and pseudo-IInd-order was provided the best fit for the adsorption of both the dyes with a high value of the regression coefficient. The adsorption equilibrium data of both the dyes was best explained by Langmuir isotherm, and the maximum sorption capacity of MG and MB was found to be 55.86 and 76.34 mg g-1, respectively. Thermodynamic analysis declared that the adsorption of MG and MB onto the MChi was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. Moreover, the adsorbent presented good reusability up to three successive ad-/de-sorption cycles, indicating that MChi is a promising applicant for the treatment of dye-containing wastewater.

scholarly journals Application of Titanium Dioxide-Graphene Composite Material for Photocatalytic Degradation of Alkylphenols

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanbasha Basheer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Photocatalytic Efficiency ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphene Composite ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Titanium dioxide-graphene (TiO2-G) composite was used for the photodegradation of alkylphenols in wastewater samples. The TiO2-G composites were prepared via sonochemical and calcination methods. The synthesized composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The photocatalytic efficiency was evaluated by studying the degradation profiles of alkylphenols using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). It was found that the synthesized TiO2-G composites exhibit enhanced photocatalytic efficiencies as compared to pristine TiO2. The presence of graphene not only provides a large surface area support for the TiO2photocatalyst, but also stabilizes charge separation by trapping electrons transferred from TiO2, thereby hindering charge transfer and enhancing its photocatalytic efficiency.

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND THE APPLICABILITY OF β-CYCLODEXTRINS FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS SBA-15 MOLECULAR SIEVES

NANO ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 1350050
Author(s):  
MIN GUAN ◽  
HAI-PENG BI ◽  
ZUYUAN WANG ◽  
SHAOHUA BU ◽  
LING HUANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Mesoporous silicas SBA-15 are modified with β-Cyclodextrins (β-CD) by simple grafting method. β-CD functionalized SBA-15 was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the applicability of it is investigated through studying the adsorption properties of clenbuterol. It showed better adsorption capacities of clenbuterol than pure SBA-15. β-CD functionalized SBA-15 material has the potential applications in the treatment of clenbuterol contamination in food and environment science.

scholarly journals Adsorptive Behavior of Kaolin for Amido Black Dye in Aqueous Solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 1233-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olushola S. Ayanda ◽  
Kehinde O. Sodeinde ◽  
P. O. Okolo ◽  
Ayomitide A. Ajayi ◽  
Simphiwe M. Nelana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Amido Black ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Adsorptive Behavior ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, the adsorption of amido black (AB) dye onto kaolin was investigated. The characterization of kaolin was carried out by powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Adsorption studies showed that the adsorption of AB onto kaolin increased with increasing adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and temperature but decreased with increasing dye concentration. Equilibrium data fitted perfectly into the Langmuir and Freundlich equilibrium models, moreover, the kinetic data followed the pseudo-second order model. The adsorption process is endothermic and approximately 60.75% AB reduction was achieved when 0.75 g of kaolin was mixed with 20 mL of 40 mg/L AB for 60 min at 200 rpm. Therefore, this study shows that kaolin can be harnessed for the treatment of textile wastewater.

scholarly journals Enhanced Adsorptive Removal of β-Estradiol from Aqueous and Wastewater Samples by Magnetic Nano-Akaganeite: Adsorption Isotherms, Kinetics, and Mechanism

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Anele Mpupa ◽  
Azile Nqombolo ◽  
Boris Mizaikoff ◽  
Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Wastewater Samples

A surfactant-free method was used to synthesize iron oxyhydroxide (akaganeite, β-FeOOH) nanorods and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesized nanoadsorbent was applied for the adsorptive removal of β-estradiol from aqueous solutions. The parameters affecting the adsorption were optimized using a multivariate approach based on the Box–Behnken design with the desirability function. Under the optimum conditions, the equilibrium data were investigated using two and three parameter isotherms, such as the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, Redlich–Peterson, and Sips models. The adsorption data were described as Langmuir and Sips isotherm models and the maximum adsorption capacities in Langmuir and Sips of the β-FeOOH nanorods were 97.0 and 103 mg g−1, respectively. The adjusted non-linear adsorption capacities were 102 and 104 mg g−1 for Langmuir and Sips, respectively. The kinetics data were analyzed by five different kinetic models, such as the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intraparticle, as well as Boyd and Elovich models. The method was applied for the removal β-estradiol in spiked recoveries of wastewater, river, and tap water samples, and the removal efficiency ranged from 93–100%. The adsorbent could be reused up to six times after regeneration with acetonitrile without an obvious loss in the removal efficiency (%RE = 95.4 ± 1.9%). Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the β-FeOOH nanorods proved to be suitable for the efficient removal of β-estradiol from environmental matrices.

scholarly journals Simultaneous adsorption and reduction of hexavalent chromium on biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in aqueous solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1339-1349
Author(s):  
Fengfeng Ma ◽  
Bakunzibake Philippe ◽  
Baowei Zhao ◽  
Jingru Diao ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Abstract Flax straw biochar (FSBC)-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) composite (nZVI-FSBC) combining the advantages of nZVI and biochar was synthesized and tested for Cr(VI) removal efficiency from aqueous solution. Surface morphology and structure of FSBC and nZVI-FSBC were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller techniques, which help to clarify the mechanism of Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto FSBC and nZVI-FSBC was best described by the pseudo-second-order and the Sips model. Compared with FSBC, nZVI-FSBC remarkably improved the performance in removing Cr(VI) under identical experimental conditions. Due to the collaborative effect of adsorption and reduction of nZVI-FSBC, the adsorption capacity of nZVI-FSBC for Cr(VI) is up to 186.99 mg/g. The results obtained by XPS, XRD, and FTIR confirmed that adsorption and reduction dominated the processes of Cr(VI) removal by nZVI-FSBC. As a supporter, FSBC not only improved the dispersion of nZVI, but also undertook the adsorption task of Cr(VI) removal. The surface oxygen-containing functional groups of nZVI-FSBC mainly participated in the adsorption part, and the nZVI promoted the Cr(VI) removal through the redox reactions. These observations indicated that the nZVI-FSBC can be considered as potential adsorbents to remove Cr(VI) for environment remediation.

CuO/polypyrrole nanocomposites as a marker of toxic lead ions for ecological remediation in contrast with CuO and polypyrrole

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha Radhakrishnan ◽  
Padmavathiamma Rejani ◽  
Bhaskaran Beena
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Order Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Hazardous Metal ◽  
Ecological Remediation

AbstractIn the present study, CuO, polypyrrole (PPy), and CuO/PPy nanocomposites were synthesized to compare the selective adsorption behavior of hazardous metal ions such as Pb(II) ions. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The adsorption studies clearly showed that CuO/PPy nanocomposites exhibited much higher adsorption performance than individual CuO and PPy. Kinetic data followed the pseudo-second-order model. The equilibrium attained at 120 min and isotherm follows the order Sips>Langmuir>Freundlich. The adsorbed Pb(II) is desorbed using 0.1

Effect of Stabilizing Agent of Sodium Citrate and Polyethylene Glycol on Structure of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 466-471
Author(s):  
Roto Roto ◽  
Aqidatul Izza ◽  
Eko Sri Kunarti ◽  
Suherman Suherman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Magnetic Nanomaterials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Qualitative Test

Magnetic nanomaterials are studied extensively because of their wide range of possible applications. Synthesis of Fe3O4 with citrate and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as stabilizing agents was carried out. In this study, the effect of media of water, sodium citrate and polyethylene glycol as stabilizing agents on the shape and size of Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles was investigated. The synthesis of Fe3O4, Fe3O4/citrate, and Fe3O4/PEG was carried out by the coprecipitation method at controlled pH. The products were characterized by infrared spectrophotometry, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). Qualitative test of magnetism was also carried out on the three materials. The results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles prepared with sodium citrate and PEG have a diameter of 12 and 10 nm, respectively. In the sodium citrate medium, it gives Fe3O4 colloidal nanoparticle with electrostatic stabilization mode, while in the PEG medium it shows steric stabilization mode. Magnetite produced in PEG medium has the homogeneous size and is much more stable than that obtained in citrate medium

scholarly journals Green synthesis of stable Fe,Cu oxide nanocomposites from loquat leaf extracts for removal of Norfloxacin and Ciprofloxacin

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-708
Author(s):  
Qiujie Liu ◽  
Peili Ma ◽  
Penglei Liu ◽  
Hongping Li ◽  
Xiuli Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Equilibrium Data

Abstract Mass production of nanomaterials to remove pollutants from water still faces many challenges, mainly due to the complexity of the synthesis methods involved and the use of dangerous reagents. The green method of preparation of nanomaterials from plants can effectively solve these problems. Fe,Cu oxide nanocomposites (Fe-Cu-NCs) were synthesized by a green and single-step method using loquat leaf extracts, and were used as an adsorbent for removal of Norfloxacin (NOR) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP) from aqueous solution. The synthesized adsorbent showed excellent adsorption properties for NOR and CIP. The experimental equilibrium data fitted the Redlich-Peterson and Koble-Corrigan models well and the maximum adsorption capacities of Fe-Cu-NCs calculated by the Langmuir model for NOR and CIP were 1.182 mmol/g and 1.103 mmol/g, respectively, at 293 K. Additionally, the morphologies and properties of Fe-Cu-NCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and the adsorption mechanism of NOR and CIP onto Fe-Cu-NCs was discussed. Thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. This study indicated that Fe-Cu-NCs are a potential adsorbent and provide a simple and convenient strategy for the purification of antibiotics-laden wastewater.

scholarly journals The Synthesis of PbS NPs and Biosorption of Pb(II) by Shinella Zoogloeoides PQ7 in Aqueous Conditions

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2065
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yili Huang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Biomass Dosage ◽  
Aqueous Conditions

Increasing heavy metal pollution in water continues to endanger human health. The genus Shinella has potential for heavy metal bioremediation but has rarely been studied. In this study, we report that Shinella zoogloeoides PQ7 turns black in the presence of lead ions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that PbS nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by PQ7. Moreover, PQ7 was used as a biosorbent to remove Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. Biosorption performance was evaluated in terms of contact time, pH, biomass dosage and initial Pb(II) concentration. The equilibrium and kinetic data were consistent with the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.986) and pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.977), respectively. The maximum (qmax) Pb(II) adsorption reached 222.22 mg/g, which was higher than that of other bacteria reported in previous literature. SEM–EDS, XRD and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses also confirmed the adsorption of Pb(II) by the PQ7 cells. In conclusion, PQ7 is a promising strain in removing and recovering Pb(II) from wastewater.

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