scholarly journals Rosa platyacantha Schrenk from Kazakhstan—Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds with Cosmetic Significance

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2578
Author(s):  
Askhat Sabitov ◽  
Katarzyna Gaweł-Bęben ◽  
Zuriyadda Sakipova ◽  
Marcelina Strzępek-Gomółka ◽  
Uliana Hoian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Human Melanoma ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Skin Keratinocytes ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Plants belonging to the Rosa genus are known for their high content of bioactive molecules and broad spectrum of healing and cosmetic activities. Rosa platyacantha Schrenk is a wild-type species abundant in the mountainous regions of Kazakhstan. The phytochemical composition as well as the bioactivity of R. platyacantha extracts have not been fully investigated to date. In this study, various parts of R. platyacantha plant, collected in Almaty region, Kazakhstan, were used to prepare five hydroalcoholic extracts (R1–R5). The extracts were compared for the content of phytochemicals and selected biological activities, which are important for the potential cosmetic application of R. platyacantha. Extract R3, prepared from flower buds, showed the most significant antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory potential, decreasing the monophenolase and diphenolase activities of tyrosinase. Extract R3 showed also collagenase inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity against human melanoma cells A375, being less cytotoxic for noncancerous skin keratinocytes HaCaT. Analysis of fractions E and F, obtained from R3 extracts, revealed that quercetin, kaempferol, rutin, and their derivatives are more likely responsible for the tyrosinase inhibitory properties of R. platyacantha extracts.

scholarly journals Alkaloid Profiling and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Potential of Crinum × amabile Donn. (Amaryllidaceae) Collected in Ecuador

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2686
Author(s):  
Luciana R. Tallini ◽  
Angelo Carrasco ◽  
Karen Acosta León ◽  
Diego Vinueza ◽  
Jaume Bastida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Natural products are one of the main sources for developing new drugs. The alkaloids obtained from the plant family Amaryllidaceae have interesting structures and biological activities, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibition potential, which is one of the mechanisms used for the palliative treatment of Alzheimer’s disease symptoms. Herein we report the alkaloidal profile of bulbs and leaves extracts of Crinum × amabile collected in Ecuador and their in vitro inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes. Using Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), we identified 12 Amaryllidaceae alkaloids out of 19 compounds detected in this species. The extracts from bulbs and leaves showed great inhibitory activity against AChE and BuChE, highlighting the potential of Amaryllidaceae family in the search of bioactive molecules.

Molecular and genetic characterization of natural variants of HIV-1 Nef gene from North India and its functional implication in down-regulation of MHC-I and CD-4

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Singh ◽  
L. Ronsard ◽  
M. Pandey ◽  
R. Kapoor ◽  
V.G. Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Eukaryotic Expression ◽  
North India ◽  
Cell Surface Expression ◽  
Functional Domains ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Hiv 1

Background: HIV-1 Nef is an important accessory protein with multiple effector functions. Genetic studies of HIV-1 Nef gene shows extensive genetic diversity and the functional studies have been carried out mostly with Nef derived from regions dominated by subtype B (North America & Europe). Objective: This study was carried out to characterize genetic variations of the Nef gene from HIV-1 infected individuals from North-India and to find out their functional implications. Methods: The unique representative variants were sub-cloned in eukaryotic expression vector and further characterized with respect to their ability to down regulate cell surface expression of CD4 and MHC-1molecules. Results: The phylogenetic analysis of Nef variants revealed sequence similarity with either consensus subtype B or B/C recombinants. Boot scan analysis of some of our variants showed homology to B/C recombinant and some to wild type Nef B. Extensive variations were observed in most of the variants. The dN/dS ratio revealed 80% purifying selection and 20% diversifying selection implying the importance of mutations in Nef variants. Intracellular stability of Nef variants differed greatly when compared with wild type Nef B and C. There were some variants that possessed mutations in the functional domains of Nef and responsible for its differential CD4 and MHC-1 down regulation activity. Conclusion: We observed enhanced biological activities in some of the variants, perhaps arising out of amino acid substitutions in their functional domains. The CD4 and MHC-1 down-regulation activity of Nef is likely to confer immense survival advantage allowing the most rare genotype in a population to become the most abundant after a single selection event.

Majra Honey Abrogated the Normal and Cancer Cells Proliferation Inhibition by Juniperus procera Extract and Extract/Honey Generated AgNPs

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 970-981
Author(s):  
Hamed A. Ghramh ◽  
Essam H. Ibrahim ◽  
Mona Kilnay
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Splenic Cells ◽  
Juniperus Procera

Background: Juniperus procera and Majra honey are well-known as a folk medicine in many countries. Objectives: This work aimed to study the immunomodulatory effects after mixing Majra honey, J. procera water leaves extract and silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on immune or cancer cells. Methods: Juniperus procera water leaves extract and 20% Majra honey were prepared. Both the extract and honey were used separately to synthesize AgNPs. AgNPs were characterized using UV/Vis spectrophotometry and electron microscopy. Bioactive molecules in honey and the extract were explored using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Protein profile of honey was explored using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and honey sugar content was determined using High- Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Biological activities of honey and the extract were tested. Results: The results demonstrated the ability of the extract/honey to produce AgNPs in a spherical shape. The extract/honey contained many functional groups. SDS-PAGE of Majra honey showed many protein bands. HPLC revealed honey is of good quality and no external additives are added to it. The extract and extract+ AgNPs inhibited the growth of normal rat splenic cells while honey stimulated it. The extract+honey turned stimulatory to the splenic cells’ growth and significantly diminished the inhibitory potential of the extract containing AgNPs. Both the extract and honey have antimicrobial activities, this potential increased in the presence of AgNPs. Honey and Honey+AgNPs inhibited HepG2 cancer cell proliferation while Hela cell growth inhibited only with honey+AgNPs. Conclusion: Both honey and the extract have antibacterial and immunomodulatory potentials as well as the power to produce AgNPs. Majra honey alone showed anticancer activity against HepGe2 cells, but not against Hela cells, and when contained AgNPs had anticancer activity on both cell lines. Mixing of Majra honey with J. procera extract showed characterized immunomodulatory potentials that can be described as immunostimulant.

Phytochemical Composition, Biological Activities and Processing Method of Genus Anisophyllea: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Ashikin Abdul Bari ◽  
Sahena Ferdosh ◽  
Md. Zaidul Islam Sarker ◽  
Kamaruzzaman Yunus ◽  
Rozilawati Shahari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

scholarly journals Bioactive Alkaloids from Genus Aspergillus: Mechanistic Interpretation of Their Antimicrobial and Potential SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitory Activity Using Molecular Modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1866
Author(s):  
Fadia S. Youssef ◽  
Elham Alshammari ◽  
Mohamed L. Ashour
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Topoisomerase Iv ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Nucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Genus Aspergillus represents a widely spread genus of fungi that is highly popular for possessing potent medicinal potential comprising mainly antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antioxidant properties. They are highly attributed to its richness by alkaloids, terpenes, steroids and polyketons. This review aimed to comprehensively explore the diverse alkaloids isolated and identified from different species of genus Aspergillus that were found to be associated with different marine organisms regarding their chemistry and biology. Around 174 alkaloid metabolites were reported, 66 of which showed important biological activities with respect to the tested biological activities mainly comprising antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antioxidant and antifouling activities. Besides, in silico studies on different microbial proteins comprising DNA-gyrase, topoisomerase IV, dihydrofolate reductase, transcriptional regulator TcaR (protein), and aminoglycoside nucleotidyl transferase were done for sixteen alkaloids that showed anti-infective potential for better mechanistic interpretation of their probable mode of action. The inhibitory potential of compounds vs. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) as an important therapeutic target combating COVID-19 infection and its complication was also examined using molecular docking. Fumigatoside E showed the best fitting within the active sites of all the examined proteins. Thus, Aspergillus species isolated from marine organisms could afford bioactive entities combating infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Scorzonera Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5128
Author(s):  
Karolina Lendzion ◽  
Agnieszka Gornowicz ◽  
Krzysztof Bielawski ◽  
Anna Bielawska
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Bioactive Potential

The genus Scorzonera comprises nearly 200 species, naturally occurring in Europe, Asia, and northern parts of Africa. Plants belonging to the Scorzonera genus have been a significant part of folk medicine in Asia, especially China, Mongolia, and Turkey for centuries. Therefore, they have become the subject of research regarding their phytochemical composition and biological activity. The aim of this review is to present and assess the phytochemical composition, and bioactive potential of species within the genus Scorzonera. Studies have shown the presence of many bioactive compounds like triterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, or caffeic acid and quinic acid derivatives in extracts obtained from aerial and subaerial parts of the plants. The antioxidant and cytotoxic properties have been evaluated, together with the mechanism of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hepatoprotective activity. Scorzonera species have also been investigated for their activity against several bacteria and fungi strains. Despite mild cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines in vitro, the bioactive properties in wound healing therapy and the treatment of microbial infections might, in perspective, be the starting point for the research on Scorzonera species as active agents in medical products designed for miscellaneous skin conditions.

Induction of the metastatic phenotype of human melanoma cells by wild type P53 and P21

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S97
Author(s):  
S Rauth ◽  
A Green ◽  
J Kichina ◽  
A Silkaitis
Keyword(s):  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Human Melanoma ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Metastatic Phenotype ◽  
Human Melanoma Cells ◽  
Wild Type P53

Two regulatory factors of Vibrio cholerae activating the mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin pilus expression is important for biofilm formation and colonization in mice

Microbiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 167 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengting Shi ◽  
Yue Zheng ◽  
Xianghong Wang ◽  
Zhengjia Wang ◽  
Menghua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Expression Library ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genomic Expression ◽  
Infant Mouse ◽  
Link Type

Vibrio cholerae the causative agent of cholera, uses a large number of coordinated transcriptional regulatory events to transition from its environmental reservoir to the host intestine, which is its preferred colonization site. Transcription of the mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin pilus (MSHA), which aids the persistence of V. cholerae in aquatic environments, but causes its clearance by host immune defenses, was found to be regulated by a yet unknown mechanism during the infection cycle of V. cholerae . In this study, genomic expression library screening revealed that two regulators, VC1371 and VcRfaH, are able to positively activate the transcription of MSHA operon. VC1371 is localized and active in the cell membrane. Deletion of vc1371 or VcrfaH genes in V. cholerae resulted in less MshA protein production and less efficiency of biofilm formation compared to that in the wild-type strain. An adult mouse model showed that the mutants with vc1371 or VcrfaH deletion colonized less efficiently than the wild-type; the VcrfaH deletion mutant showed less colonization efficiency in the infant mouse model. The findings strongly suggested that the two regulators, namely VC1371 and VcRfaH, which are involved in the regulation of MSHA expression, play an important role in V. cholerae biofilm formation and colonization in mice.

AN UPDATE ON THE SYNTHESIS OF BENZOXAZOLES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyothi M ◽  
Ramchander Merugu
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Benzoxazoles being structurally similar to bases adenine and guanine interact with biomolecules present in living systems. These compounds possess antimicrobial, central nervous system activities, antihyperglycemic potentiating activity, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity. It can also be used as starting material for other bioactive molecules. Modifications in structure and the biological profiles of new generations of benzoxazoles were found to be more potent with enhanced biological activity. Considering all these, we have prepared this review and discussed the synthesis and biological activities of benzoxazoles.

Prosurvival and antiapoptotic effects of PGE2in radiation injury are mediated by EP2 receptor in intestine

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. G490-G498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney W. Houchen ◽  
Mark A. Sturmoski ◽  
Shrikant Anant ◽  
Richard M. Breyer ◽  
William F. Stenson
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Radiation Injury ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Apoptotic Cells ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Stem Cell Survival

The biological activities of PGE2 are mediated through EP receptors (EP1–EP4), plasma membrane G protein-coupled receptors that differ in ligand binding and signal-transduction pathways. We investigated gastrointestinal EP2 receptor expression in adult mice before and after radiation injury and evaluated intestinal stem cell survival and crypt epithelial apoptosis after radiation injury in EP2 null mice. EP2 was expressed throughout the gut. Intestinal EP2 mRNA increased fivefold after γ-irradiation. Crypt survival was diminished in EP2 −/− mice (4.06 crypts/cross section) compared with wild-type littermates (8.15 crypts/cross section). Radiation-induced apoptosis was significantly increased in EP2 −/− mice compared with wild-type littermates. Apoptosis was 1.6-fold higher in EP2 −/− mice (5.9 apoptotic cells/crypt) than in wild-type mice (3.5 apoptotic cells/crypt). The EP2receptor is expressed in mouse gastrointestinal epithelial cells and is upregulated following radiation injury. The effects of PGE2on both crypt epithelial apoptosis and intestinal crypt stem cell survival are mediated through the EP2 receptor.

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