scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effect and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Mg-Doped Hydroxyapatite Functionalized with Au-Nano Rods

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Domenico Franco ◽  
Giovanna Calabrese ◽  
Salvatore Petralia ◽  
Giulia Neri ◽  
Carmelo Corsaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Inorganic Mineral

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the main inorganic mineral that constitutes bone matrix and represents the most used biomaterial for bone regeneration. Over the years, it has been demonstrated that HA exhibits good biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and osteoinductivity both in vitro and in vivo, and can be prepared by synthetic and natural sources via easy fabrication strategies. However, its low antibacterial property and its fragile nature restricts its usage for bone graft applications. In this study we functionalized a MgHA scaffold with gold nanorods (AuNRs) and evaluated its antibacterial effect against S. aureus and E. coli in both suspension and adhesion and its cytotoxicity over time (1 to 24 days). Results show that the AuNRs nano-functionalization improves the antibacterial activity with 100% bacterial reduction after 24 h. The toxicity study, however, indicates a 4.38-fold cell number decrease at 24 days. Although further optimization on nano-functionalization process are needed for cytotoxicity, these data indicated that Au-NRs nano-functionalization is a very promising method for improving the antibacterial properties of HA.

ARTIFICIAL REARING OF COLOSTRUM-DEPRIVED PIGLETS USING IRON CHELATORS: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO COMPARISONS OF EDDHA AND HBED WITH AND WITHOUT PORCINE IMMUNOGLOBULINS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 647-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. DREW ◽  
I. M. BEVANDICK ◽  
B. D. OWEN
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
Iron Chelators ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Milk Replacers

Two iron chelators, ethylene diamine-di-orthohydroxyphenyl acetic acid (EDDHA) and N,N′-Bis(o-hydroxybenzyl)-ethylenediamine diacetic acid (HBED), were investigated as possible substitutes for lactoferrin in sow milk replacers. The antibacterial properties of lactoferrin, EDDHA and HBED, with and without porcine immunoglobulins, were compared in vitro using E. coli 0 157 K88. Lactoferrin and EDDHA inhibited the growth of E. coli over a 12-h incubation period, while HBED had no effect on bacterial growth. Porcine immunoglobulins inhibited the growth of E. coli after 6, but not after 12 h of incubation. Ethylene diamine-di-orthohydroxyphenyl acetic acid and HBED were further compared as substitutes for lactoferrin in sow milk replacers fed to colostrum-deprived piglets. All piglets received porcine immunoglobulins for 24 h following birth. They then received EDDHA, HBED or no chelator with or without porcine immunoglobulins on days 2–14. Piglets that received HBED had lower survival rates and weight gains than piglets that received EDDHA or no chelator. Weight gains were equal for piglets receiving either EDDHA or immunoglobulins alone and there was no additive effect on piglet weight gains when EDDHA and immunoglobulins were fed together. Ethylene diamine-di-orthohydroxyphenyl acetic acid may be a practical substitute for lactoferrin in sow milk replacers. Key words: Immunoglobulins, piglet, lactoferrin, iron chelators, E. coli

scholarly journals Plasmon-Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Chiral Gold Nanoparticles and In Vivo Therapeutic Effect

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1621
Author(s):  
Yuelong Xu ◽  
Hongxia Wang ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Jianhao Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Yan
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Cell Death ◽  
Steric Configuration

d-cysteine (d-cys) has been demonstrated to possess an extraordinary antibacterial activity because of its unique steric configuration. However, inefficient antibacterial properties seriously hinder its wide applications. Here, cysteine-functionalized gold nanoparticles (d-/l-Au NPs) were prepared by loading d-/l-cysteine on the surface of gold nanoparticles for the effective inhibition of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in vitro and in vivo, and the effects on the intestinal microflora in mice were explored during the treatment of E. coli infection in the gut. We found that the antibacterial activity of d-/l-Au NPs was more than 2–3 times higher than pure d-cysteine, l-cysteine and Au NPs. Compared with l-Au NPs, d-Au NPs showed the stronger antibacterial activity, which was related to its unique steric configuration. Chiral Au NPs showed stronger destructive effects on cell membrane compared to other groups, which further leads to the leakage of the cytoplasm and bacterial cell death. The in vivo antibacterial experiment illustrated that d-Au NPs displayed impressive antibacterial activity in the treatment of E. coli-infected mice comparable to kanamycin, whereas they could not affect the balance of intestinal microflora. This work is of great significance in the development of an effective chiral antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals Influence of the Sodium Salt of 3α,7α-Dihydroxy-12-Oxo-5β-Cholanate on Antimicrobial Activity of Ampicillin In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Suvajdžić ◽  
Slobodan Gigov ◽  
Aleksandar Rašković ◽  
Srđan Stojanović ◽  
Maja Bekut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Background: Multiple resistances to antibiotics are an emergent problem worldwide. Scientists intensively search for new substances with the antimicrobial potential or the mode to restore the activity of old-generation antibiotics. Ampicillin is the antibiotic with the expanded range of antimicrobial activity, but its use has decreased due to the poor absorption and highly developed resistance. In vivo studies showed that ampicillin has better absorption and bioavailability if combined with bile acid salts. The aim of this study was to examine antimicrobial effects of ampicillin alone and its combination with semisynthetic monoketocholic acid salt (MKH) in vitro.Materials, Methods & Results: In this study, commercial preparation of ampicillin and sodium salt of 3α,7α-dihydroxy-12oxo-5β-cholanate were used. Their effects were evaluated on Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium), obtained from urine specimens of dogs with clinically manifested cystitis. The first two investigated strains were ampicillin-sensitive, while E. faecium was resistant to ampicillin. Modified macrodilution method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Guidelines (M7-A8) was performed. Bacterial suspension equivalent to 0.5 McFarland was prepared in saline, compared to the standard (Biomerieux) ad oculi. The density was checked spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 625 nm and adjusted if necessary to the desired absorbance from 0.08 to 0.1. The resultant suspension was diluted 1:100 and inoculated in test tubes. Number of bacteria was counted on Petri plates using dilutions from 10-3 to 10-7 in order to obtain valid and countable plates. One hundred microliters of appropriate dilutions were aseptically plated in triplicate onto nutrient agar. Plates were incubated on 37°C for 72 h, under aerobic conditions. The number of colony forming units (CFU) was determined by direct counting. As a valid for enumeration, we took plates with 30 to 300 CFU. Percentage of killed bacteria for ampicillin was from 69.33-95.19% for E. coli, 87.1296.92% for E. faecalis and 7.20-33.30% for E. faecium. Ampicillin applied in the combination with MKH killed 99.99% to 100% of E. coli, 94.59% to 99.91% of E. faecalis and 31.73% to 64.76% of E. faecium. Mean percentage of killed bacteria for ampicillin was 81.93% for E. coli, 91.64% for E. faecalis, and 18.13% for E. faecium, while in combination with MKH percentage was 99.96% for E. coli, 98.23% for E. faecalis and 47.54% for E. faecium.Discussion: Results are presented as pharmacological minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. Ampicillin was applied at the concentration higher than the therapeutic one, which could explain high MIC values for E. coli and E. faecalis. The combination of ampicillin with MKH showed the best improvement of antimicrobial effect on E. faecium (Δ = 29.41%), isolate that was resistant to ampicillin when applied alone. In all the investigated isolates, the combinations with MKH were more effective than ampicillin administered alone. It seems that MKH demonstrates a synergistic antimicrobial activity with ampicillin in vitro, which considerably decreases MIC values for all investigated isolates. These results implicate that MKH could restore the previous activity of ampicillin against some bacteria, which could be a significant benefit for clinical practice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of magnesium oxide nanocomposite film in combination with ε-poly-L-lysine against Foodborne pathogens in vacuum packaged beef

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masumeh Samadi ◽  
Seyed Shahram Shekarforoush ◽  
Hamid Reza Gheisari
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mgo Nanoparticle

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of magnesium oxide nanocomposite (MgO NC) film based on Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) alone or in combination with three concentrations of ε-poly-L-lysine (500, 1000 and 2000 µg/ml) on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes in culture media and fresh beef. Methods: MgO NC film were prepared by melt mixing LDPE and MgO nanoparticle in the extruder. For in vitro antibacterial analysis, the MgO NC film alone or in combination with polylysine were evaluated in tryptic soy broth for 5 days at 37 °C. For in vivo analysis, beef samples were inoculated with the selected bacteria and packaged in MgO NC film under vacuum and stored at 4 °C and evaluated for up to 20 days. Results: Polylysine had an antibacterial effect against E. coli and L. monocytogenes in TSB. But MgO NC film had a bacteriostatic effect only against E. coli. MgO NC film inhibited the growth of E. coli on the surface of beef samples. Pollysine at concentrations of 500 µg/ml or more showed inhibitory activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes in beef samples. No additional reduction was observed by combining the different concentrations of polylysine with MgO NC film.Conclusions: Polylysine at all concentrations had an inhibitory effect on E. coli and L. monocytogenes in the culture medium and beef. Although the migration of MgO nanoparticle from the film to beef was very low, but as it has little antimicrobial effect, it is not recommended as a suitable package for improving the safety of raw beef.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Activity of Berberine Chloride against Uropathogenic E. coli Strains Using Galleria mellonella as a Host Model

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5010
Author(s):  
Giulio Petronio Petronio ◽  
Marco Alfio Cutuli ◽  
Irene Magnifico ◽  
Noemi Venditti ◽  
Laura Pietrangelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Urinary Infections

Berberine is an alkaloid of the protoberberine type used in traditional oriental medicine. Its biological activities include documented antibacterial properties against a wide variety of microorganisms; nonetheless, its use against Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary infections has not yet been widely investigated in vivo. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance requires new therapeutic approaches to ensure the continued effectiveness of antibiotics for the treatment and prevention of urinary infections. Moreover, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has developed several virulence factors and resistance to routine antibiotic therapy. To this end, several in vitro and in vivo tests were conducted to assess the activity of berberine on uropathogenic E. coli strains. Galleria mellonella as an infection model was employed to confirm the in vivo translatability of in vitro data on berberine activity and its influence on adhesion and invasion proprieties of E. coli on human bladder cells. In vitro pre-treatment with berberine was able to decrease the adhesive and invasive UPEC ability. In vivo treatment increased the larvae survival infected with UPEC strains and reduced the number of circulating pathogens in larvae hemolymph. These preliminary findings demonstrated the efficacy and reliability of G. mellonella as in vivo model for pre-clinical studies of natural substances.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Pregnenolone in vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Teodora P. Popova ◽  
Ignat Ignatov ◽  
Toshka Petrova ◽  
Georgi Dinkov
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Intracellular Space ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances

The antimicrobial effect of pregnenolone on clinical and reference strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was tested. Pregnenolone was found to have inhibitory activity against all tested bacterial strains. Slightly higher sensitivity is shown by the strains of S. aureus. When applied directly, pregnenolone has a weak antimicrobial effect due to its very low water solubility, as it is in oleose state because the formulation studied in this experiment contains tocopherol (a fat-soluble vitamin) as a co-solvent. When emulsified with lecithin, as well as with methanol, its solubility in water increases and penetrates over a longer distance in the agar around the points of its application. Applied as an emulsion, it shows significantly higher inhibitory activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Even the non-emulsified version should still be useful in vivo due to the fact that intracellular environments are much more lipophilic than serum, the target of most antimicrobial substances is the intracellular space, and non-emulsified pregnenolone has been shown to have very high intracellular uptake.

scholarly journals Fabrication of ultra-small GSH-AgNCs with excellent eschar penetration and antibacterial properties for the healing of burn infection wounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yang ◽  
Kang Yang ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Jun Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Burn Wound Healing ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

Abstract There is evidence of bioburden as a barrier to chronic burn wound healing. Compared to traditional therapy, nanotechnology has availed a revolutionary approach to therapeutic and diagnostic applications in burns. In this article, we developed the glutathione-protected Ag nanoclusters (GSH-AgNCs) to manage burn wound infection. Owing to the specific structure, the GSH-AgNCs emitted strong red fluorescence under UV excitation, quantified via both in vivo and in vitro techniques. The GSH-AgNCs showed a significant inhibition potential on the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) , and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), hiding under the eschar. Of note, with 2-6nm particle size, GSH-AgNCs are effected in renal excretion, advocating for their biomedical and pharmacological applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Potential Nephroprotective and Antimicrobial Effect ofCamellia sinensisLeaves versusHibiscus sabdariffa(In VivoandIn VitroStudies)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doa’a Anwar Ibrahim ◽  
Rowida Noman Albadani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Health State ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Different Sources

Green tea and hibiscus are widely consumed as traditional beverages in Yemen and some regional countries. They are relatively cheap and the belief is that they improve health state and cure many diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective and antibacterial activity of these two famous plantsin vitrothrough measuring their antibacterial activity andin vivothrough measuring nonenzymatic kidney markers dysfunction after induction of nephrotoxicity by gentamicin. Gram positive bacteria like MRSA (methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus) were isolated from hospitalized patients’ different sources (pus and wound) and Gram negative bacteria includingE. coliandP. aeruginosawere usedin vitrostudy. In addition, the efficacy of these plants was assessedin vivothrough measuring nonenzymatic kidney markers including S. creatinine and S. urea. Green tea was shown antimicrobial activity against MRSA with inhibition zone 19.67 ± 0.33 mm and MIC 1.25 ± 0.00 mg/mL compared with standard reference (vancomycin) 18.00 ± 0.00 mg/mL. Hibiscus did not exhibit a similar effect. Both Hibiscus- and green tea-treated groups had nephroprotective effects as they reduced the elevation in nonenzymatic kidney markers. We conclude that green tea has dual effects: antimicrobial and nephroprotective.

Rapid, Refined, and Robust Method for Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Recombinant Human Amyloid-beta M1-42

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Prakash ◽  
Travis Lantz ◽  
Krupal P. Jethava ◽  
Gaurav Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Short Time

Amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients primarily consists of amyloid beta 1-42 (Ab42). Commercially, Ab42 is synthetized using peptide synthesizers. We describe a robust methodology for expression of recombinant human Ab(M1-42) in Rosetta(DE3)pLysS and BL21(DE3)pLysS competent E. coli with refined and rapid analytical purification techniques. The peptide is isolated and purified from the transformed cells using an optimized set-up for reverse-phase HPLC protocol, using commonly available C18 columns, yielding high amounts of peptide (~15-20 mg per 1 L culture) in a short time. The recombinant Ab(M1-42) forms characteristic aggregates similar to synthetic Ab42 aggregates as verified by western blots and atomic force microscopy to warrant future biological use. Our rapid, refined, and robust technique to purify human Ab(M1-42) can be used to synthesize chemical probes for several downstream in vitro and in vivo assays to facilitate AD research.

scholarly journals Lithium-Doped Biological-Derived Hydroxyapatite Coatings Sustain In Vitro Differentiation of Human Primary Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Osteoblasts

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula E. Florian ◽  
Liviu Duta ◽  
Valentina Grumezescu ◽  
Gianina Popescu-Pelin ◽  
Andrei C. Popescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Doping Agent ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Coatings ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Immunofluorescence Labelling ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Adhesion Process

This study is focused on the adhesion and differentiation of the human primary mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) to osteoblasts lineage on biological-derived hydroxyapatite (BHA) and lithium-doped BHA (BHA:LiP) coatings synthesized by Pulsed Laser Deposition. An optimum adhesion of the cells on the surface of BHA:LiP coatings compared to control (uncoated Ti) was demonstrated using immunofluorescence labelling of actin and vinculin, two proteins involved in the initiation of the cell adhesion process. BHA:LiP coatings were also found to favor the differentiation of the hMSC towards an osteoblastic phenotype in the presence of osteoinductive medium, as revealed by the evaluation of osteoblast-specific markers, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase. Numerous nodules of mineralization secreted from osteoblast cells grown on the surface of BHA:LiP coatings and a 3D network-like organization of cells interconnected into the extracellular matrix were evidenced. These findings highlight the good biocompatibility of the BHA coatings and demonstrate that the use of lithium as a doping agent results in an enhanced osteointegration potential of the synthesized biomaterials, which might therefore represent viable candidates for future in vivo applications.

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