scholarly journals Supramolecular Hydrogels for Protein Delivery in Tissue Engineering

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Yaqi Lyu ◽  
Helena S. Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Protein Delivery ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Hydrogel Network ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Direct Incorporation ◽  
Covalent Interactions

Therapeutic proteins, such as growth factors (GFs), have been used in tissue engineering (TE) approaches for their ability to provide signals to cells and orchestrate the formation of functional tissue. However, to be effective and minimize off-target effects, GFs should be delivered at the target site with temporal control. In addition, protein drugs are typically sensitive water soluble macromolecules with delicate structure. As such, hydrogels, containing large amounts of water, provide a compatible environment for the direct incorporation of proteins within the hydrogel network, while their release rate can be tuned by engineering the network chemistry and density. Being formed by transient crosslinks, afforded by non-covalent interactions, supramolecular hydrogels offer important advantages for protein delivery applications. This review describes various types of supramolecular hydrogels using a repertoire of diverse building blocks, their use for protein delivery and their further application in TE contexts. By reviewing the recent literature on this topic, the merits of supramolecular hydrogels are highlighted as well as their limitations, with high expectations for new advances they will provide for TE in the near future.

Self-assembly of water-soluble silver nanoclusters: superstructure formation and morphological evolution

Nanoscale ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (48) ◽  
pp. 19191-19200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinglin Shen ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Di Sun ◽  
Guokui Liu ◽  
Shiling Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Silver Nanoclusters ◽  
Efficient Approach ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Covalent Interactions

Supramolecular self-assembly, based on non-covalent interactions, has been employed as an efficient approach to obtain various functional materials from nanometer-sized building blocks, in particular, [Ag6(mna)6]6−, mna = mercaptonicotinate (Ag6-NC).

scholarly journals Reorganization of Self-Assembled DNA-Based Polymers Using Orthogonally Addressable Building Blocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Gentile ◽  
Erica Del Grosso ◽  
Leonard J. Prins ◽  
Francesco Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Sticky Ends ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Block Structures ◽  
Covalent Interactions

Taking advantage of the addressability and programmability of DNA/DNA non-covalent interactions we report here the rational design of orthogonal DNA-based addressable tiles that self-assemble into polymer-like structures that can be reconfigured and reorganized by external inputs. The different tiles share the same 5-nucleotide sticky ends responsible for self-assembly but are rationally designed to contain a specific regulator-binding domain that can be orthogonally targeted by different DNA regulator strands (activators and inhibitors). We show that by sequentially adding specific activators and inhibitors it is possible to re-organize in a dynamic and reversible way the formed polymer-like structures to display well-defined distributions: homopolymers made of a single tile, random polymers in which different tiles are distributed randomly and block structures in which the tiles are organized in segments.

Probing non-covalent interactions driving molecular assembly in organo-electronic building blocks

CrystEngComm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 3151-3157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah N. Johnson ◽  
Thomas L. Ellington ◽  
Duong T. Ngo ◽  
Jorge L. Nevarez ◽  
Nicholas Sparks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Molecular Assembly ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Density Functional Theory Computations ◽  
Covalent Interactions

One co-crystal structure characterized to identify and quantify various non-covalent interactions with spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and density functional theory computations.

scholarly journals Design of catalytic metal-organic assemblies via shape complementarity and conformational constraints in dual curvature ligands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui-Lian Liu ◽  
Eduard Bobylev ◽  
Brice Kauffmann ◽  
Koen Robeyns ◽  
Yann Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
The Self ◽  
Supramolecular Catalysis ◽  
Shape Complementarity ◽  
Large Structures ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Covalent Interactions

Non-covalent interactions play an essential role in the folding and self-assembly of large biological assemblies. These interactions are not only a driving force for the formation of large structures but also control conformation and com-plementary shapes of subcomponents that promote the diversity of structures and functions of the resulting assemblies. Understanding how non-covalent interactions direct self-assembly and the effect of conformation and complementary shapes on self-assembled structures will help design artificial supramolecular systems with extended components and functions. Herein, we develop a strategy for controlling more complex self-assembly with lower symmetry and flexible building blocks that combine endohedral non-covalent interactions with a dual curvature in the ligand backbone to give additional shape complementarity. A Diels-Alder reaction was used to break the symmetry of the diazaanthracene units of the ligands to give dual curvature ligands with different shapes and endohedral groups (L1-L3). The self-assembly studies of these ligands demonstrated that non-covalent interactions and shape complementary effectively control the self-assembly and enable the design of cages for supramolecular catalysis.

Optical Characterisation of Non-Covalent Interactions between Non-Conjugated Polymers and Chemically Converted Graphene

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufei Wang ◽  
Xueliang Hou ◽  
Chi Cheng ◽  
Ling Qiu ◽  
Xuehua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Soluble Polymers ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Chemically Converted Graphene ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Covalent Interactions

Optical characterisation using dye molecules as probes was used to study the non-covalent interactions between chemically converted graphene (CCG) and non-conjugated, water soluble polymers in aqueous solution. The strong adsorption of non-conjugated polymers such as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) on CCG is observed by fluorescence and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, and this leads to desorption of π-conjugated molecules from CCG. Such adsorption/desorption behaviour can be tailored by modifying the molecular weight of polymers and the chemistry of graphene. This finding provides a facile and non-covalent approach to the functionalisation of CCG and opens up new opportunities for the fabrication of graphene/polymer nanocomposites.

Supramolecular organization of phthalocyanines: from solution to surface

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (04n05) ◽  
pp. 471-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Victoria Martínez-Díaz ◽  
Giovanni Bottari
Keyword(s):  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Supramolecular Interactions ◽  
Supramolecular Organization ◽  
Supramolecular Systems ◽  
Ligand Interactions ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
Interesting Class ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Covalent Interactions

Phthalocyanines are an interesting class of aromatic macrocycles which possess exciting electrical, redox and photophysical properties that make them ideal building blocks for applications in different technological fields. However, the incorporation of phthalocyanines into devices is often tied to the possibility of organizing these macrocycles into arrays using supramolecular interactions. To date, several supramolecular motifs such as hydrogen-bonding, donor-acceptor or metal-ligand interactions have been used to promote the phthalocyanines' organization in solution. Furthermore, such weak, non-covalent interactions have also been widely employed to foster the organization of these macrocycles in condensed phases such as liquid-crystals or thin films. This micro-review provides a brief overview of the contribution made by some research groups in Spain towards the preparation of organized phthalocyanine-based supramolecular systems.

scholarly journals The isolation and characterization of the high-molecular-weight glycoprotein from pig colonic mucus

1978 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 569-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Marshall ◽  
A Allen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Quaternary Structure ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Nuclease Digestion ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Covalent Interactions ◽  
Equilibrium Centrifugation

1. A high-molecular-weight glycoprotein constitutes over 80% by weight of the total glycoprotein from water-soluble pig colonic mucus. 2. It was isolated from from nucleic acid and non-covalently bound protein by nuclease digestion followed by equilibrium centrifugation in a CsCl gradient. 3. The glycoprotein has the following composition by weight: fucose 10.4%; glucosamine 23.9%; galactosamine 8.3%; sialic acid 9.9%; galactose 20.8%; sulphate 3.0%; protein 13.3%; moisture about 10%. 4. The native glycoprotein has the high mol.wt. of 15×10(6). 5. Reduction of the native glycoprotein with 2-mercaptoethanol results in a glycoprotein of mol.wt. 6×10(6). 6. Pronase digestion removes 29% of the protein (3% of the glycoprotein) but none of the carbohydrate. 7. The molecular weight of the Pronase-digested glycoprotein is 1.5×10(6), which is halved to 0.76×10(6) on reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol. 8. The contribution of non-covalent interactions, disulphide bridges and the non-glycosylated peptide core to the quaternary structure of the glycoprotein are discussed and compared with the known structure of pig gastric glycoportein.

scholarly journals Advances in the Supramolecular Chemistry of Tetracoordinate Boron-Containing Organic Molecules into Organogels and Mesogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanchita Shah ◽  
Parvati Marandi ◽  
P. P. Neelakandan
Keyword(s):  
Supramolecular Chemistry ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Π Interactions ◽  
Collective Attention ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Materials ◽  
Covalent Interactions

Boron-containing organic compounds are well accepted as a class of compounds having excellent photophysical properties. In addition to the unique photophysical properties, the ease of synthesis and structural robustness make tetracoordinate boron complexes ideal for a variety of applications. While significant light has been thrown on their luminescence properties, there is no collective attention to their supramolecular chemistry. In this mini review, we discuss the progress made in the supramolecular chemistry of these compounds which includes their utility as building blocks for liquid crystalline materials and gels largely driven by various non-covalent interactions like H-bonding, CH-π interactions, BF-π interactions and Van der Waals forces. The organoboron compounds presented here are prepared from easy-to-synthesize chelating units such as imines, diiminates, ketoiminates and diketonates. Moreover, the presence of heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and the presence of aromatic rings facilitate non-covalent interactions which not only favor their formation but also helps to stabilize the self-assembled structures.

scholarly journals Xanthene[n]arenes: Exceptionally Large, Bowl-shaped Macrocyclic Building Blocks Suitable for Self-Assembly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Pfeuffer-Rooschüz ◽  
Alessandro Prescimone ◽  
Konrad Tiefenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Supramolecular Systems ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Molecular Capsules ◽  
New Class ◽  
Guest Binding ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Covalent Interactions

<div>A new class of macrocycles denoted as “xanthene[n]arenes” was synthesized. In contrast to most other macrocycles, they feature a rigid bowl-shape, required for the synthesis of cavitands and for the self-assembly to molecular capsules via non-covalent interactions. The derivatization potential of the novel macrocycles was demonstrated on the xanthene[3]arene scaffold. Beside a deep cavitand, a modified macrocycle was synthesized that self-assembles into a hydrogen-bonded tetrameric capsule. Both supramolecular systems display host-guest binding properties, demonstrating the potential of xanthene[n]arenes as a new set of macrocyclic building blocks.</div>

Reactive Template-Induced Self-Assembly to Ordered Mesoporous Polymer and Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 1549 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Yeru Liang ◽  
Ruowen Fu ◽  
Dingcai Wu
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Mesoporous Polymer ◽  
Organic Templates ◽  
Ordered Mesoporous ◽  
Synthetic Procedure ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Covalent Interactions ◽  
End Group

ABSTRACTAs an important method for preparing ordered mesoporous polymer and carbon, organic template directed self-assembly is facing challenges because of the weak non-covalent interactions between the organic templates and the building blocks. Herein we developed a novel synthetic procedure based on a reactive template-induced self-assembly to construct ordered mesoporous framework. The aldehyde end-group of reactive template can react with the building blocks (i.e., resol) to form a stable covalent bond during the self-assembly process. This leads to an enhanced interaction between resol and template and thus achieves the formation of ordered mesostructure.

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