scholarly journals Catalytic Conversion of Glucose into Levulinic Acid Using 2-Phenyl-2-Imidazoline Based Ionic Liquid Catalyst

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Komal Kumar ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Sreedevi Upadhyayula
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

Levulinic acid (LA) is an industrially important product that can be catalytically valorized into important value-added chemicals. In this study, hydrothermal conversion of glucose into levulinic acid was attempted using Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalyst synthesized using 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline, and 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline-based ionic liquid catalyst used in this study was synthesized in the laboratory using different anions (NO3, H2PO4, and Cl) and characterized using 1H NMR, TGA, and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The activity trend of the Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalysts synthesized in the laboratory was found in the following order: [C4SO3HPhim][Cl] > [C4SO3HPhim][NO3] > [C4SO3HPhim][H2PO4]. A maximum 63% yield of the levulinic acid was obtained with 98% glucose conversion at 180 °C and 3 h reaction time using [C4SO3HPhim][Cl] ionic liquid catalyst. The effect of different reaction conditions such as reaction time, temperature, ionic liquid catalyst structures, catalyst amount, and solvents on the LA yield were investigated. Reusability of [C4SO3HPhim][Cl] catalyst up to four cycles was observed. This study demonstrates the potential of the 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline-based ionic liquid for the conversion of glucose into the important platform chemical levulinic acid.

scholarly journals Valorization of Cellulose Recovered from WWTP Sludge to Added Value Levulinic Acid with a Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1004
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Glińska ◽  
Clara Lerigoleur ◽  
Jaume Giralt ◽  
Esther Torrens ◽  
Christophe Bengoa
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Municipal Sludge ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid

The progressive decline of using fossil sources in the industry means that alternative resources must be found to produce chemicals. Waste biomass (sewage sludge) and waste lignocellulosic resources (food, forestry, or paper industries) are ideal candidates to take over from fossil sources. Municipal sewage sludge, and especially primary sludge, has a significant proportion of cellulose in its composition. Proper treatment of this cellulose allows the production of interesting chemicals like levulinic acid that are precursors (bio-blocks or building blocks) for other organic chemical processes. Cellulose was extracted from municipal wet primary sludge and paper industry dried sludge with a commercial ionic liquid. More than 99% of the cellulose has been recovered in both cases. Extraction was followed by the bleaching of the cellulose for its purification. In the bleaching, a large part of the ash was removed (up to 70% with municipal sludge). Finally, the purified cellulose was converted in levulinic acid by catalyzed hydrothermal liquefaction. The reaction, done at 170 °C and 7 bar, catalyzed by a tailored Brønsted acidic ionic liquid produced levulinic acid and other by-products in smaller quantities. The process had a conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid of 0.25 with municipal sludge and of 0.31 with industrial sludge. These results fully justify the process but, require further study to increase the conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid.

Design of Brønsted acidic ionic liquid functionalized mesoporous organosilica nanospheres for efficient synthesis of ethyl levulinate and levulinic acid from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiyu Song ◽  
Jingyu Liu ◽  
Chaoyue Zhang ◽  
Yihang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Transformation ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Mesoporous Organosilica ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals

Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs) have brought new vitality in catalytic transformation of biomass to fuels and chemicals, but practical applications of BAILs suffer from drawbacks of slow diffusion and...

Catalysis Investigation of PET Depolymerization with Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid under Microwave Irradiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Liu ◽  
Yong Shuai Ma ◽  
Ke Wen Shu ◽  
Bo Wu ◽  
Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Catalyst Dosage

The catalytic effect of Brønsted acidic ionic liquid for PET hydrolysis reaction under microwave irradiation has been investigated through orthogonal experiment in this article, and the influence of main reaction conditions has also been studied. The results shown that the influence level sequence of reaction factors was: catalyst kind > reaction time > reaction temperature > catalyst dosage. According to a further study of catalyst dosages influence on PET depolymerization degree, the optimal reaction condition was finally concluded as below: [Hexanemi [HSO4] used as catalyst, catalyst dosage: 0.01 mol/2 g PET, reaction time: 210 min, reaction temperature: 195 °C.

scholarly journals Oligomeric ricinoleic acid preparation promoted by an efficient and recoverable Brønsted acidic ionic liquid

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 351-361
Author(s):  
Fei You ◽  
Xing He ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
Hong-Ru Li ◽  
Liang-Nian He
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ricinoleic Acid ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions

Raw material from biomass and green preparation processes are the two key features for the development of green products. As a bio-lubricant in metalworking fluids, estolides of ricinoleic acid are considered as the promising substitute to mineral oil with a favorable viscosity and viscosity index. Thus, an efficient and sustainable synthesis protocol is urgently needed to make the product really green. In this work, an environment-friendly Brønsted acidic ionic liquid (IL) 1-butanesulfonic acid diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene dihydrogen phosphate ([HSO3-BDBU]H2PO4) was developed as the efficient catalyst for the production of oligomeric ricinoleic acid from ricinoleic acid under solvent-free conditions. The reaction parameters containing reaction temperature, vacuum degree, amount of catalyst and reaction time were optimized and it was found that the reaction under the conditions of 190 °C and 50 kPa with 15 wt % of the [HSO3-BDBU]H2PO4 related to ricinoleic acid can afford a qualified product with an acid value of 51 mg KOH/g (which corresponds to the oligomerization degree of 4) after 6 h. Furthermore, the acid value of the product can be adjusted by regulating the reaction time, implying this protocol can serve as a versatile method to prepare the products with different oligomerization degree and different applications. The other merit of this protocol is the facile product separation by stratification and decantation ascribed to the immiscibility of the product and catalyst at room temperature. It is also worth mentioning that the IL catalyst can be used at least for five cycles with high catalytic activity. As a result, the protocol based on the IL catalyst, i.e. [HSO3-BDBU]H2PO4 shows great potential in industrial production of oligomeric ricinoleic acid from ricinoleic acid.

Studies on Synthesis and Properties of Hydrophobic Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Bing Ding ◽  
Han Sheng Li ◽  
Tong Hua Chu ◽  
Qin Wu ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ft Ir

A hydrophobic Brønsted acidic ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-(butyl-4-sulfonate) imidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BsImR8][HSO4]) was synthesized and characterized by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and thermogravimetry (TG). [BsImR8][HSO4] was used as an efficient catalyst for esterification of oleic acid with methanol to biodiesel. It was founded that [BsImR8][HSO4] exhibited high catalytic activity, which is near to that of H2SO4.It was ascribed to its strong Brønsted acidity. The catalyst could maintain high activity after five cycles of use.

Synthesis of Bis-Indolylmethanes Containing 1,2,3-Triazolyl Catalyzed by Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid under Solvent-Free Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 1696-1699
Author(s):  
Yong Hong Zhang ◽  
Zhen Kai Lei ◽  
Xiang Ju Huang ◽  
Xiao Yu Pan ◽  
Xin Hai Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Short Reaction Time ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions

A series of novelbis-indolylmethanes containing 1,2,3-triazolyl have been synthesized from the reaction of indoles with 4-formyl-1,2,3-triazole catalyzed by Brønsted acidic ionic liquid [PyNCH2CO2H][HSO4] under solvent-free conditions. The satisfactory results were obtained with excellent yields and short reaction time in the experimental procedure.

1, 1’-Sulfinyldiethylammonium Bis (Hydrogen Sulfate) as a Recyclable Dicationic Ionic Liquid Catalyst for the Efficient Solvent-free Synthesis of 3, 4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones via Biginelli Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
Zainab Ehsani-Nasab ◽  
Ali Ezabadi
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Biginelli Reaction ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Dicationic Ionic Liquid

Objective: A facile and efficient method for synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones via Biginelli reaction catalyzed by a novel dicationic Brönsted acidic ionic liquid, [(EtNH2)2SO][HSO4]2, has been successfully developed. Material and Method:: 3, 4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones were synthesized through one-pot condensation of aromatic aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and urea under solvent-free conditions using [(EtNH2)2SO][HSO4]2 as a novel catalyst. The progress of the reaction was monitored by thin-layer chromatography (ethyl acetate / n-hexane = 1 / 5). The products have been characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and also by their melting points. Results: In this research, a library of dihydropyrimidinone derivatives was synthesized via Biginelli reaction under solvent-free conditions at 120oC using [(EtNH2)2SO][HSO4]2 as a catalyst. Various aromatic aldehydes, as well as heteroaromatic aldehydes, were employed, affording good to high yields of the corresponding products and illustrating the substrate generality of the present method. In addition, the prepared dicationic Brönsted acidic ionic liquid can be easily recovered and reused. Conclusion: 1, 1’-Sulfinyldiethylammonium bis (hydrogen sulfate), as a novel dicationic ionic liquid, can act as a highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones under solvent-free conditions.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Ionic Liquid Based on N,N,N,N-tetramethylethylenediamine and its Application in the Synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydro Xanthenes

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Abdi Piralghar ◽  
Mohammad Mahmoodi Hashemi ◽  
Ali Ezabadi
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Chlorosulfonic Acid ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Aryl Aldehydes ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Aryl Aldehyde ◽  
High Yields

Aim and Objective: In this work, we synthesized and characterized a novel Brönsted acidic ionic liquid from the reaction of N, N, N’, N’-tetramethylethylenediamine with chlorosulfonic acid and explored its catalytic activity in 1, 8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes synthesis. Materials and Methods: Dimedone, aryl aldehydes, and the ionic liquid as the catalyst were reacted under solvent-free conditions. The progressive of the reaction was monitored by a thin layer of chromatography (ethyl acetate/n-hexane = 1/5). All products were characterized as the basis of their spectra data and melting point by comparison with those reported in the literature. Results: The prepared ionic liquid was successfully applied in the synthesis of 1, 8-dioxooctahydroxanthenes in good to high yields on the reaction of aryl aldehyde and dimedone at 120oC under solvent-free conditions. Conclusion: This research demonstrates that the catalyst is impressive for 1, 8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes synthesis under solvent-free conditions.

scholarly journals Synthesis of tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carbonitriles using HMTA-BAIL@MIL-101(Cr) as a superior heterogeneous catalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Abdollahi-Basir ◽  
Boshra Mirhosseini-Eshkevari ◽  
Farzad Zamani ◽  
Mohammad Ali Ghasemzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Short Reaction Time ◽  
Three Component Reaction ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Novel Catalyst

AbstractA one-pot three component reaction of benzaldehydes, 1H-tetrazole-5-amine, and 3-cyanoacetyl indole in the presence of a new hexamethylenetetramine-based ionic liquid/MIL-101(Cr) metal–organic framework as a recyclable catalyst was explored. This novel catalyst, which was fully characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, FT-IR, TGA, BET, and TEM exhibited outstanding catalytic activity for the preparation of a range of pharmaceutically important tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carbonitriles with good to excellent yields in short reaction time.

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