scholarly journals Microfluidic Chip-Based Induced Phase Separation Extraction as a Fast and Efficient Miniaturized Sample Preparation Method

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Yao Shen ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
Han Zuilhof ◽  
Teris A. van Beek
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Sample Solution ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Polar Model ◽  
Hydrophobic Solvent

Induced phase separation extraction (IPSE) is an efficient sample clean-up technique that can replace liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). The purpose of this study was to miniaturize IPSE by carrying it out in a microfluidic chip. An IPSE chip was designed and evaluated for its ability to separate and purify samples on a microscale. The 5 × 2 cm chip was fed with a solution of polar to non-polar model compounds in acetonitrile-water (1:1). In the 100 µm wide and 40 µm deep microchannels, the sample solution was efficiently separated into two immiscible phases by adding a hydrophobic solvent as inducer. Analytes present in the sample solution each migrated to their own favorable phase upon phase separation. After optimization, extraction and fractionation were easily and efficiently achieved. The behavior of analytes with a pH-dependent partitioning could be influenced by adjusting the pH of the sample solution. Scutellaria baicalensis extract, used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), was successfully separated in aglycones and glycosides. In this microscale system, the sample and solvent consumption is reduced to microliters, while the time needed for the sample pretreatment is less than one minute. Additionally, the extraction efficiency can reach up to 98.8%, and emulsion formation is avoided.

scholarly journals Matrix-Induced Sugaring-Out: A Simple and Rapid Sample Preparation Method for the Determination of Neonicotinoid Pesticides in Honey

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbin Chen ◽  
Siyuan Wu ◽  
Jianing Zhang ◽  
Fengjie Yu ◽  
Jianbo Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Subzero Temperature ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Neonicotinoid Pesticides

In the present work, we developed a simple and rapid sample preparation method for the determination of neonicotinoid pesticides in honey based on the matrix-induced sugaring-out. Since there is a high concentration of sugars in the honey matrix, the honey samples were mixed directly with acetonitrile (ACN)-water mixture to trigger the phase separation. Analytes were extracted into the upper ACN phase without additional phase separation agents and injected into the HPLC system for the analysis. Parameters of this matrix-induced sugaring-out method were systematically investigated. The optimal protocol involves 2 g honey mixed with 4 mL ACN-water mixture (v/v, 60:40). In addition, this simple sample preparation method was compared with two other ACN-water-based homogenous liquid-liquid extraction methods, including salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction and subzero-temperature assisted liquid-liquid extraction. The present method was fully validated, the obtained limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were from 21 to 27 and 70 to 90 μg/kg, respectively. Average recoveries at three spiked levels were in the range of 91.49% to 97.73%. Precision expressed as relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the inter-day and intra-day analysis were all lower than 5%. Finally, the developed method was applied for the analysis of eight honey samples, results showed that none of the target neonicotinoid residues were detected.

scholarly journals Application of the Dehydration Homogeneous Liquid–Liquid Extraction (DHLLE) Sample Preparation Method for Fingerprinting of Honey Volatiles

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2277
Author(s):  
Piotr M. Kuś ◽  
Igor Jerković
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
Phenyllactic Acid ◽  
Homogeneous Liquid ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chemical Groups

Recently, we proposed a new sample preparation method involving reduced solvent and sample usage, based on dehydration homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction (DHLLE) for the screening of volatiles and semi-volatiles from honey. In the present research, the method was applied to a wide range of honeys (21 different representative unifloral samples) to determine its suitability for detecting characteristic honey compounds from different chemical classes. GC-FID/MS disclosed 130 compounds from different structural and chemical groups. The DHLLE method allowed the extraction and identification of a wide range of previously reported specific and nonspecific marker compounds belonging to different chemical groups (including monoterpenes, norisoprenoids, benzene derivatives, or nitrogen compounds). For example, DHLLE allowed the detection of cornflower honey chemical markers: 3-oxo-retro-α-ionols, 3,4-dihydro-3-oxoedulan, phenyllactic acid; coffee honey markers: theobromine and caffeine; linden honey markers: 4-isopropenylcyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid and 4-(2-hydroxy-2-propanyl)cyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid, as well as furan derivatives from buckwheat honey. The obtained results were comparable with the previously reported data on markers of various honey varieties. Considering the application of much lower volumes of very common reagents, DHLLE may provide economical and ecological advantages as an alternative sample preparation method for routine purposes.

Effects of sample preparation method on mixing and phase separation in binary polymer blends

Polymer ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 3475-3487 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rojanapitayakorn ◽  
S. Thongyai ◽  
J.S. Higgins ◽  
N. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
Binary Polymer

A Microfluidic Device for Sample Pretreatment by Laminar Flow Extraction

2014 ◽  
Vol 511-512 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Da Lei Li ◽  
Xue Fei Lv ◽  
Yu Lin Deng
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Fluid ◽  
Potential Tool

Microfluidic chip is the most active field and frontier of μTAS. In comparison to other aspects of researches on microfluidic chips, the work on sample pretreatment units are in the preliminary stage. In this study, a microfluidic device for extraction was devised and fabricated. The extraction efficiency of the microfluidic device was investigated by two phase fluid 0.1% Rhodamine-B aqueous solution and Hexyl alcohol. The results demonstrated that the microfluidic chip worked well in the first two days and might be integrated in a complex chip as a potential tool for sample pretreatment.

Salting-out-assisted liquid–liquid extraction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from honey and the determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by high-performance liquid chromatography

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (37) ◽  
pp. 4835-4841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbin Chen ◽  
Siyuan Wu ◽  
Jianing Zhang ◽  
Fengjie Yu ◽  
Xiaoqing Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction

A simple, rapid, and effective sample preparation method was developed for the recovery of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from honey samples with negligible co-extracted sugars.

scholarly journals New Sample Preparation Method for Honey Volatiles Fingerprinting Based on Dehydration Homogeneous Liquid–Liquid Extraction (DHLLE)

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kuś ◽  
Igor Jerković
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Homogeneous Liquid ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Honey Solution

Qualitative chemical fingerprinting of the honey volatiles by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been an efficient authentication tool that allowed for the classification of the honey botanical origin (strongly related to its medicinal and market value). However, the usage of current sample preparation methods is limited by selectivity of the volatiles extraction from the honey matrix and requires significant solvent volume. Therefore, a new sample preparation method based on dehydrating homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction (DHLLE) involving reduced solvent usage was developed for screening volatiles and semi-volatiles from the honey. The effective extraction was achieved by implementing a miscible liquid extraction system (aqueous honey solution/isopropanol) followed by separation through dehydration with MgSO4 and purification by a solvent polarity change and washing. The method was evaluated by estimating accuracy and precision. The DHLLE method showed satisfactory recoveries (75.2 to 93.5%) for typical honey volatiles: linalool, borneol, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, p-anisaldehyde, eugenol, and vanillin. It also showed superior repeatability with percent relative standard deviation (RSD%) 0.8–8.9%. For benzyl alcohol, methyl syringate, and caffeine, the recoveries were 54.3 to 63.9% and 67.3 to 77.7% at lower and higher spiking levels, respectively. Applied to unifloral apple honey, the DHLLE method allowed for the identification of 40 compounds including terpenes, hydrocarbons, phenylpropanoids, and other benzene derivatives, which makes it suitable for fingerprinting and chemical marker screening. The obtained results were comparable or better than those obtained with ultrasonic extraction with dichloromethane.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document