scholarly journals Chemical Characterization and Antibiofilm Activities of Bulbs and Leaves of Two Aglione (Allium ampeloprasum var. holmense Asch. et Graebn.) Landraces Grown in Southern Italy

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5486
Author(s):  
Lucia Caputo ◽  
Giuseppe Amato ◽  
Florinda Fratianni ◽  
Raffaele Coppola ◽  
Vincenzo Candido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Minor Amount ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Aerial Parts

The present study was carried out to determine some biochemical characteristics, in particular the total polyphenol content and the free radical scavenging activity, of the extracts recovered from bulbs and aerial parts (these last often considered as by-products) of two landraces of A. ampeloprasum var. holmense cultivated in Southern Italy. For the first time, the capacity of the extracts of these landraces to inhibit the formation of biofilm of different Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and to affect the metabolism of the cells present within the bacterial biofilm was evaluated. All extracts exhibited an amount of total polyphenols not lower than 2.86 mg/g of dried product and revealed a noteworthy antioxidant activity, with EC50 values not exceeding 4.95 mg. In both cases, the aerial parts extracts were more effective than the bulb extracts, which also showed a minor amount of total polyphenols. The extracts inhibited mainly the adhesive capability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, by 95.78% and 85.01%, respectively. The extracts demonstrated to inhibit also the metabolism of the bacterial cells reaching levels up to 90%. Finally, as assessed by the assays performed on the 24-h preformed biofilms, all the extracts were also capable to cause a reduction in bacterial biomass and to affect their metabolism.

scholarly journals Investigation of Antioxidant and Elastase Inhibitory Activities of Geum urbanum Aerial Parts, Chemical Characterization of Extracts Guided by Chemical and Biological Assays

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2091530
Author(s):  
Marie Schmitt ◽  
Abdulmagid Alabdul Magid ◽  
Jean-Marc Nuzillard ◽  
Jane Hubert ◽  
Nicolas Etique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Human Neutrophil Elastase ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Etoac Fraction ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity Assays ◽  
Geum Urbanum

This study presents the bioguided chemical investigation of the 80% aqueous methanol extract of Geum urbanum aerial parts. Liquid–liquid partitioning of this extract in solvents of increasing polarity combined with biological screening showed that the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fraction was the most active part of the extract. This fraction was chemically profiled by a 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based dereplication method, resulting in the identification of 14 compounds. The dereplication process was followed by the purification of unknown and minor compounds of the EtOAc fraction. A new glycosylated phenol, namely, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propyl-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, together with 6 known compounds were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including NMR and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activity of fractions and isolated compounds were evaluated by 2,2,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radical scavenging, and by cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity assays. In parallel, their enzyme inhibitory property against human neutrophil elastase was assessed. Four subfractions, essentially containing polyphenols and triterpenes, exhibited a significant elastase inhibitory activity and an ellagitannin showed a very high radical scavenging activity.

Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Insecticidal and Anti-Oxidant Activities of Three Acantholimon Species (A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Ardalan Pasdaran ◽  
Satyajit D. Sarker ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Azadeh Hamedi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Background: The essential oil from the Acantholimon genus have been an integral part of the traditional food additive in Middle East. Most of the plants in Acantholimon genus have not been studied scientifically. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition, antibacterial, insecticidal and anti-oxidant activities of three Acantholimon species including Acantholimon atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium. Method: The essential oils of the aerial parts were extracted by hydrodistillation. Chemical constitutions were identified by gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy technique, also their toxicities were assessed against the two important grain products pests, Oryzeaphilus mercator and Tribolium castaneum. Antibacterial activity was assessed against the three foodborne bacteria that include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus based on the disc diffusion assay. Free-radical-scavenging property was identified based on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results: 2-hexahydrofarnesyl acetone was the main compound in A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium, whilst farnesyl acetone, heptacosane and germacrene D were the principal components of A. atropatanum essential oil. These oils exhibited 40-90% mortality of O. mercator and/or T. castaneum at a dose of 12 μl/l air after 48h of exposure, and exhibited significant free-radicalscavenging property (RC50 = 3.7 × 10-3 - 8.3 × 10-3 mg/ml). The oils of A. tragacanthium and A. gilliatii showed a weaker antibacterial activity compared to A. atropatanum. Conclusion: A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium essential oils had significant insecticidal and anti-oxidant properties. They also showed week to moderate antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of the Basic Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Dried Leaves, Grown in Poland, Paraguay and Brazil—Preliminary Results

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3634
Author(s):  
Teresa Leszczyńska ◽  
Barbara Piekło ◽  
Aneta Kopeć ◽  
Benno F. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni

This study compares the content of basic nutrients (proteins, fats, digestible carbohydrates, dietary fiber and ash), steviol glycosides, selected antioxidants (vitamin C, total polyphenols) and antioxidant activity in dried leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni cultivated in Poland, Paraguay and Brazil and available in the direct sale. The basic chemical composition was determined by standard AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) methods. Content of steviol glycosides was determined by the UHPLC-UV chromatographic method. Total polyphenols content was expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and catechins equivalent (CE). Antioxidant activity was measured as ABTS●+ free radical scavenging activity. Dried leaves of S. rebaudiana grown in Poland had significantly higher contents of dietary fiber, and lower protein and ash content, compared to those derived from Paraguay and Brazil. The former had, however, considerably higher contents of total steviol glycosides, stevioside and rebaudioside D, compared to the remaining two plants. In the Paraguay-derived dried leaves, the content of rebaudioside A, C, E and rubusoside was found to be significantly lower. Dried leaves of S. rebaudiana Bertoni, cultivated in Poland, contained substantially more vitamin C and a similar content of total polyphenols, compared to those from Brazil and Paraguay. The examined material from Brazil and Paraguay plantations showed similar antioxidant activity, while that obtained from Polish cultivation was characterized by a significantly lower value of this parameter.

scholarly journals Grape Canes from Typical Cultivars of Campania (Southern Italy) as a Source of High-Value Bioactive Compounds: Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2746
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Squillaci ◽  
Carla Zannella ◽  
Virginia Carbone ◽  
Paola Minasi ◽  
Veronica Folliero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

The purpose of the current study was to determine the phenolic composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities in grape cane extracts from typical cultivars of Southern Italy. Aqueous extracts at different pHs (1–13) were prepared from “Aglianico”, “Fiano”, and “Greco” grape canes. The results demonstrated that an alkaline pH (13.00) produced the best polyphenol-rich extracts, as the total phenolic content was more than double when compared to the respective extracts prepared at pH 1.00. “Greco” grape canes gave the highest quantity of phenolic compounds at each pH, ranging from 42.7 ± 0.4 to 104.3 ± 3.0 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE)/g Dry Extract (DE) from pH 1.00 to 13.00. The Radical Scavenging Activity (RSA) and the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) were measured. The highest antioxidant activity was showed by “Greco” extract at pH 7.00. Seventy-five compounds were identified in the extracts by HPLC-MS with six of them described for the first time in grape canes. Procyanidins were highly abundant in extracts at pH 7.00, whereas stilbenoids were the most represented compounds at pH 13.00. Very strong antiviral activity against herpes simplex viruses was recorded for the extracts at pH 7.00 and 13.00 that were active in the early stages of infection by acting directly against the viral particles. The overall results suggest that grape canes, currently underutilized, can be usefully valorised by providing active extracts to use as antioxidant and antiviral agents.

scholarly journals Composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the extracts of Eryngium palmatum Pančić and Vis. (Apiaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Marčetić ◽  
Silvana Petrović ◽  
Marina Milenković ◽  
Marjan Niketić
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activity

AbstractThe chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Eryngium palmatum, an endemic plant species from the Balkan Peninsula, were investigated. The flavonoids apigenin (9.5±0.3 mg g−1) and apigenin 7-O-glucoside (2.4±0.1 mg g−1) were determined in a methanol extract of aerial parts using HPLC analysis. The methanol extract of roots contained catechin (5.0±0.1 mg g−1), epicatechin (2.9±0.1 mg g−1), chlorogenic acid (1.6±0.0 mg g−1), gallic acid (0.9±0.0 mg g−1) and rosmarinic acid (0.9±0.2 mg g−1). GC-FID and GCMS analysis of a chloroform extract of aerial parts showed that the main volatile constituents were falcarinol, linoleic acid, hexadecanoic acid and methyl linoleate (comprising 32.6%; 24.4%; 19.9; 13.2% of the volatile fraction, respectively), while octanoic acid, tetradecanol and dodecanol dominated in the chloroform extract of the roots (34.9%; 25.8%; 22.2% of the volatile fraction, respectively). Investigation of antimicrobial activity by broth microdilution showed that the methanol and chloroform extracts of aerial parts and roots exerted a significant effect (MIC 3.5–15.6 μg mL−1) against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The methanol extracts of aerial parts or roots exerted moderate ferric reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.

scholarly journals GC-MS Assisted Phytoactive Chemical Compounds Identification and Profiling with Mineral Constituents from Biologically Active Extracts of Aerva javanica (Burm. f) Juss. ex Schult.

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-524
Author(s):  
Kandhan KARTHISHWARAN ◽  
Subban KAMALRAJ ◽  
Chelliah JAYABASKARAN ◽  
Shyam S. KURUP ◽  
Sabitha SAKKIR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Mineral Constituents

Aerva javanica (Burm. f) Juss. ex Schult. (Family: Amaranthaceae) family is one of the traditional medicinal plant growing in the United Arab Emirates. Apart from studies related to some medicinal properties, phytochemical, GC MS compound characterization and biological activities still to be investigated. An experiment was conducted to determine the possible bioactive components with their chemical structures and elucidation of phytochemicals from the aerial parts of the plant. The macro and micro-mineral constituents and antioxidant activities were also evaluated. Aerial parts of A. javanica were extracted sequentially with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol by cold percolation method. Free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties of methanolic extract were evaluated by using in vitro antioxidant assays such as hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, superoxide radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Primary phytochemical and micro-macro element was tested using standard protocol. The chemical characterization was done with the help of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS), and the mass spectra of the total compounds in the extract were matched with the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) library. Mineral constituents were identified and estimated by ICP-OES. Ninety-nine metabolites were obtained by GC-MS anslysis; indole was found to be major components followed by 2-Chlorallyl diethyldithiocarbamate (CDEC), Carbaril, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, Quinoline, 4H-Cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene,2-[Bis(2-chloroethylamino)]-tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine-2-oxide, Phenobarbital, 1H-Indole, 2-methyl-, 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Disulfide, diphenyl. The presence of various bioactive compounds in the extract validates the traditional medicinal uses of this plant.

scholarly journals Radical scavenging and antimicrobial activity of essential oil and extracts of Echinophora sibthorpiana Guss. from Macedonia

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenija Mileski ◽  
Ana Dzamic ◽  
Ana Ciric ◽  
Slavica Grujic ◽  
M. Ristic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Positive Controls

This study was undertaken to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial effect of essential oil and extracts of Echinophora sibthorpiana Guss. (fam. Apiaceae) collected in Macedonia. The chemical composition of E. sibthorpiana essential oil was characterized by the presence of methyl eugenol (60.40%), p-cymene (11.18%) and ?-phellandrene (10.23%). The free radical scavenging activity of extracts and essential oil was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays. The aqueous extract of aerial parts exhibited the strongest scavenging activity (IC50=1.67 mg/ml); results of the ABTS test showed that the most effective was the ethanol extract of aerial parts (1.11 mg vit. C/g). The essential oil showed stronger antioxidant activity compared to hydroxyanisole, ascorbic acid and quercetin that were used in the DPPH and ABTS tests, respectively. The total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations in the extracts ranged between 38.65-60.72 mg GA/g, and 3.15-19.00 mg Qu/g, respectively. The antimicrobial properties of the extracts and essential oil were investigated using a micro-well dilution technique against human pathogenic strains. The results were comparable with the effects of the positive controls, streptomycin and fluconazole. These findings indicate that E. sibthorpiana extracts and oil can be used in preventive treatments and as an alternative for synthetic preservatives.

scholarly journals Caffeoyl-β-d-glucopyranoside and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-tetracosanoylamino-4-(E)-nonadecene isolated from Ranunculus muricatus exhibit antioxidant activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq Azam ◽  
Bashir Ahmad Chaudhry ◽  
Hira Ijaz ◽  
Muhammad Imran Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Spectral Techniques ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Aerial Parts

Abstract This study evaluates the antioxidant activity of Ranunculus muricatus and isolation and structure elucidation of the active constituents. The aerial parts of the plants were shade dried at room temperature and powdered and extracted with methanol. The free radical scavenging activity was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The percentage scavenging activity was determined based on the percentage of DPPH radical scavenged. Column chromatography was used in order to isolate the active compounds. Spectral techniques UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13CNMR and HREI-MS were used for the structure elucidation of the isolated compounds. Two isolated compounds, A (caffeoyl-β-d-glucopyranoside) and B (1,3-dihydroxy-2-tetracosanoylamino-4-(E)-nonadecene), exibited a significant antioxidant activity as showed by DPPH radical scavenging method. Percentage inhibition for compound A (at 0.5 mM) was 82.67 ± 0.19 with IC50 of 93.25 ± 0.12 (μM), and for compound B (at 0.5 mM) was 69.23 ± 0.19 with IC50 of 183.34 ± 0.13 (μM). Quercetin was used as standard control. It was conclued from the present study that caffeoyl-β-d-glucopyranoside and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-tetracosanoylamino-4-(E)-nonadecene isolated from methanol extract of aerial parts of Ranunculus muricatus posses antioxidant activity.

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