scholarly journals Sample Preparation to Determine Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in an All-Water Matrix: Solid Phase Extraction

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5204
Author(s):  
Daniele Sadutto ◽  
Yolanda Picó
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Almost All

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are abundantly used by people, and some of them are excreted unaltered or as metabolites through urine, with the sewage being the most important source to their release to the environment. These compounds are in almost all types of water (wastewater, surface water, groundwater, etc.) at concentrations ranging from ng/L to µg/L. The isolation and concentration of the PPCPs from water achieves the appropriate sensitivity. This step is mostly based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) but also includes other approaches (dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), buckypaper, SPE using multicartridges, etc.). In this review article, we aim to discuss the procedures employed to extract PPCPs from any type of water sample prior to their determination via an instrumental analytical technique. Furthermore, we put forward not only the merits of the different methods available but also a number of inconsistencies, divergences, weaknesses and disadvantages of the procedures found in literature, as well as the systems proposed to overcome them and to improve the methodology. Environmental applications of the developed techniques are also discussed. The pressing need for new analytical innovations, emerging trends and future prospects was also considered.

scholarly journals Application of a Pillared-Layer Zn-Triazolate Metal-Organic Framework in the Dispersive Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction of Personal Care Products from Wastewater Samples

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Providencia González-Hernández ◽  
Ana Lago ◽  
Jorge Pasán ◽  
Catalina Ruiz-Pérez ◽  
Juan Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Aqueous Sample ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

The pillared-layer Zn-triazolate metal-organic framework (CIM-81) was synthesized, characterized, and used for the first time as a sorbent in a dispersive micro-solid phase extraction method. The method involves the determination of a variety of personal care products in wastewaters, including four preservatives, four UV-filters, and one disinfectant, in combination with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and UV detection. The CIM-81 MOF, constructed with an interesting mixed-ligand synthetic strategy, demonstrated a better extraction performance than other widely used MOFs in D-µSPE such as UiO-66, HKUST-1, and MIL-53(Al). The optimization of the method included a screening design followed by a Doehlert design. Optimum conditions required 10 mg of CIM-81 MOF in 10 mL of the aqueous sample at a pH of 5, 1 min of agitation by vortex and 3 min of centrifugation in the extraction step; and 1.2 mL of methanol and 4 min of vortex in the desorption step, followed by filtration, evaporation and reconstitution with 100 µL of the initial chromatographic mobile phase. The entire D-µSPE-UHPLC-UV method presented limits of detection down to 0.5 ng·mL−1; intra-day and inter-day precision values for the lowest concentration level (15 ng·mL−1)-as a relative standard deviation (in %)-lower than 8.7 and 13%, respectively; average relative recovery values of 115%; and enrichment factors ranging from ~3.6 to ~34. The reuse of the CIM-81 material was assessed not only in terms of maintaining the analytical performance but also in terms of its crystalline stability.

Graphene oxide–polyaniline nanocomposite as a potential sorbent for dispersive solid-phase extraction and determination of selected pharmaceutical and personal care products in wastewater samples using HPLC with a diode-array detector

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1898-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Rashvand ◽  
Maryam Vosough
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Polyaniline Nanocomposite

A graphene oxide–polyaniline nanocomposite was proposed for the dispersive solid-phase extraction of six pharmaceutical and personal care products in wastewater matrices.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Sample Preparation for Cosmetics and Personal Care Products Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4900
Author(s):  
Maria Celeiro ◽  
Carmen Garcia-Jares ◽  
Maria Llompart ◽  
Marta Lores
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Wide Range

The use of cosmetics and personal care products is increasing worldwide. Their high matrix complexity, together with the wide range of products currently marketed under different forms imply a challenge for their analysis, most of them requiring a sample pre-treatment step before analysis. Classical sample preparation methodologies involve large amounts of organic solvents as well as multiple steps resulting in large time consumption. Therefore, in recent years, the trends have been moved towards the development of simple, sustainable, and environmentally friendly methodologies in two ways: (i) the miniaturization of conventional procedures allowing a reduction in the consumption of solvents and reagents; and (ii) the development and application of sorbent- and liquid-based microextraction technologies to obtain a high analyte enrichment, avoiding or significantly reducing the use of organic solvents. This review provides an overview of analytical methodology during the last ten years, placing special emphasis on sample preparation to analyse cosmetics and personal care products. The use of liquid–liquid and solid–liquid extraction (LLE, SLE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), matrix solid-phase extraction (MSPD), and liquid- and sorbent-based microextraction techniques will be reviewed. The most recent advances and future trends including the development of new materials and green solvents will be also addressed.

Factorial Design Optimisation of Solid Phase Extraction for Preconcentration of Parabens in Wastewater Using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-446
Author(s):  
Vallerie A. Muckoya ◽  
Philiswa N. Nomngongo ◽  
Jane C. Ngila
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Simulated Wastewater

Background: Parabens are synthetic esters used extensively as preservatives and/or bactericides in personal care personal products. Objective: Development and validation of a novel robust chemometric assisted analytical technique with superior analytical performances for the determination of ethylparaben, methylparaben and propylparaben, using simulated wastewater matrix. Methods: An automated Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) method coupled with liquid chromatographymass spectrometry was applied in this study. A gradient elution programme comprising of 0.1% formic acid in deionised water (A) and 0.1% formic acid in Methanol (B) was employed on a 100 x 2.1 mm, 3.0 μm a particle size biphenyl column. Two-level (2k) full factorial design coupled with response surface methodology was used for optimisation and investigation of SPE experimental variables that had the most significant outcome of the analytical response. Results: According to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), sample pH and eluent volume were statistically the most significant parameters. The method developed was validated for accuracy, precision, Limits of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) and linearity. The LOD and LOQ established under those optimised conditions varied between 0.04-0.12 μgL−1 and 0.14-0.40 μgL−1 respectively. The use of matrix-matched external calibration provided extraction recoveries between 78-128% with relative standard deviations at 2-11% for two spike levels (10 and 100 μgL-1) in three different water matrices (simulated wastewater, influent and effluent water). Conclusion: The newly developed method was applied successfully to the analyses of parabens in wastewater samples at different sampling points of a wastewater treatment plant, revealing concentrations of up to 3 μgL−1.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document