scholarly journals β-Caryophyllene: A Single Volatile Component of n-Hexane Extract of Dracaena cinnabari Resin

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 4939
Author(s):  
Mohamed Al-Fatimi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Property ◽  
Volatile Component ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Liquid Extract ◽  
Volatile Liquid ◽  
Volatile Terpenes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Volatile Terpene ◽  
Dracaena Cinnabari

The pure Soqotri resin of Dracaena cinnabari Balf.f. (Dracaenaceae) has no volatile smell due to its low content of volatile constituents. Although it is insoluble in n-Hexane, we found that the resin, when suspended in n-Hexane within five days at 5 °C, led to the extraction of a small portion of a single volatile liquid constituent, which was identified by GC-MS as sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene. This method of extracting the volatile constituents using hexane under cooling is very suitable for resins of the Dracaena species because these resins usually contain very few volatile terpenes and/or non-terpenes, and they may contain only one volatile terpene per resin as this study result. β-Caryophyllene was identified and separated for the first time from the Soqotri standard resin of Dracaena cinnabari. Therefore, β-caryophyllene, as a new chemical property, can support to evaluate the purity of the Soqotri resin. Moreover, a big mass of D. cinnabari resin can yield concentrated β-caryophyllene as a liquid extract for further pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of volatile constituents, exudation of resin and occurrence of galls of Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Thiago Augusto Araujo Correia Lima (in memorian) ◽  
Leonardo Pinto Cunha ◽  
José Eduardo Lahoz da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques ◽  
Maria da Paz Lima
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Time Information

Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand [sin Icica aracouchini Aubl.], which occurs in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, in the Brazilian Amazon, was evaluated for the presence of galls, for resin exudation and the composition of the essential oils from the aerial parts and the resin. The experiment to stimulate the exudation of resin from the trunk was conducted using a 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid solution. The resin produced after 40 days and the aerial parts had their essential oils extracted in a Clevenger apparatus and the volatile chemical constituents were analyzed using GC/MS. The non-oxygenated sesquiterpenes α-copaene (21.15%) and α-gurjunene (13.69%), in addition to the oxygenated sesquiterpene spathulenol (10.32%), were detected as the majority constituents of the essential oil of the leaves, and a concentration similar to that of α-gurjunene was found in the branches (13.28%). The resin essential oil showed a high concentration of hydrocarbon monoterpenes (76.49%) with a predominance of α-pinene (17.57%) and limonene (46.11%). Four gall morphotypes were found associated with this species. The present study reports for the first time information on the volatile constituents and the resinous potential of P. aracouchini, and registers the morphotypes of the galls that help in the taxonomy of the species.

scholarly journals DAMMARANE-TYPE TRITERPENOIDS FROM THE STEMBARK OF CHISOCHETON PENTANDRUS (MELIACEAE)

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
D. G. Katja ◽  
S. Salam ◽  
. Nurlelasari ◽  
D. Harneti ◽  
R. Maharani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Data ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
First Time

Two dammarane-type triterpenoids, cabraleadiol (1) and cabraleahydroxylactone (2), have been isolated from n-hexane extract of the stembark of  Chisocheton pentandrus (Meliaceae). The structure of compounds 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic data mainly NMR and mass as well as by comparing with previously reported spectral data. Compounds 1 and 2 were reported for the first time from Chisocheton pentandrus.   Keywords:   Cabraleadiol, Cabraleahydroxylactone, Chisocheton pentandrus, Meliaceae.

scholarly journals Interfering Substances in the Colorimetric Quantitation of Grape Monoterpenes

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1335-1336
Author(s):  
Gael Benoteau ◽  
Andrew G. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Table Grape ◽  
Significant Error ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Volatile Terpenes ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Significant Interference ◽  
Volatile Terpene ◽  
Grape Cultivars ◽  
Colorimetric Methods

The potential for interference by specific C6 compounds in the colorimetric quantitation of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) monoterpenes was investigated in model solutions and muscat and neutral-flavored grape cultivars. The unsaturated C6 aldehyde 2-hexen-1-al (2HX) showed color absorption at 608 nm in distilled water after reaction with an acidified vanillin solution. Absorbance also increased significantly when 2HX was added to a series of linalool solutions; ≈2.5 mg 2HX per liter of a 1-mg·liter–1 linalool solution increased the absorbance by >10%. Adding 2.5 mg 2HX per kilogram of `Gewürztraminer' berry homogenate significantly increased apparent free volatile terpene (FVT) concentrations to 121% of unadulterated control treatments but did not affect potentially volatile terpenes (PVT). Adding 2HX also increased apparent FVT concentration in `Perlette' and `Flame Seedless'. Both neutral-flavored table grape cultivars contained some FVT and PVT as a consequence of their muscat ancestries. FVT and PVT quantitation by colorimetric methods may be subject to significant error if the concentration of 2HX and other unsaturated C6 compounds in grape berries or must are >5 mg·liter–1. However, low concentrations of unsaturated C6 compounds (<80 μg·liter–1) in British Columbia wines suggest that there is a low probability of significant interference with this method.

scholarly journals Interlaboratory study of the method for direct determination of volatile compounds in alcoholic products using ethanol as internal standard

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
Siarhei V. Charapitsa ◽  
Svetlana N. Sytova ◽  
Anton L. Korban ◽  
Lidia N. Sobolenko ◽  
Vladimir V. Egorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Volatile Component ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Interlaboratory Study ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Standard Solutions

A collaborative interlaboratory study of the method of direct determination of volatile compounds in spirit drinks and alcoholic products was performed. The proposed method employs ethanol, the major volatile component of an alcoholic product, as an internal standard. For the experiment realization, 9 laboratories from 4 countries – Belarus, Czech Republic, Turkey, Russia – were supplied with standard solutions for gas chromatographic measurements. Five aqueous ethanol 40 % (v/v) standard solutions containing target compounds in concentrations ranging from 10 to 400 mg/L of absolute alcohol were gravimetrically prepared and delivered to the participants. The interlaboratory study was evaluated according to the ISO 5725 standards and the «EuroChem» guide. The repeatability limits (within-laboratory precision) varied between 0.4 and 7.5 % for all samples and compounds, showing a sufficiently high repeatability of the method. The reproducibility limits (between-laboratory precision) were found to vary within a satisfactory range of 0.5–10.0 %. Precision of the method was well within the range predicted by the Horwitz equation for all analytes. In the study experimental estimation of trueness was performed for the first time. Analysis of the obtained results showed that the bias of the method is insignificant at the significance level 5 %. The experimentally determined concentrations of the analytes compared well to the gravimetrical values, thus showing very satisfactory accuracy of the method. The results of the interlaboratory study confirmed that the method «ethanol as internal standard» is robust and reliable and can be used as a standard method for the determination of volatile compounds in water-ethanol samples. Moreover, this method can be validated in any one laboratory without performing additional experimental studies based on the results obtained by validation of the traditional method.

scholarly journals Pistachio Kernel Composition of ‘Kalehghouchi’, ‘Pete 1’, and ‘Lost Hills’ in California

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-669
Author(s):  
Juan J. Polari ◽  
Louise Ferguson ◽  
Selina C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Kernel Composition ◽  
Main Fatty Acid ◽  
Volatile Terpenes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Palmitic Acids

Moisture and fat content, fatty acid profile, and volatile terpenes were measured for the first time for ‘Kalehghouchi’, ‘Pete 1’, and ‘Lost Hills’ pistachios grown at two California microclimates: Lost Hills and Parlier. ‘Kalehghouchi’ had the highest moisture content, followed by ‘Pete 1’ and ‘Lost Hills’, respectively. While the moisture content of ‘Kalehghouchi’ was not significantly affected by location, it was lower for ‘Pete 1’ grown at Parlier (40.8 vs. 40.8 g/100 g) and higher for ‘Lost Hill’ grown there (48.2 vs. 45.2 g/100 g). ‘Pete 1’ grown at the Parlier site had a higher fat content compared with ‘Lost Hills’ (47.7 vs. 43.0 g/100 g). ‘Kalehghouchi’ had a lower fat content at Parlier compared with Lost Hills (42.0 vs. 44.9 g/100 g), and ‘Lost Hills’ was unaffected by location. The main fatty acid measured in the pistachio samples was oleic acid (52% to 58%), followed by linoleic (26% to 33%) and palmitic acids (11% to 13%). While oleic acid content of ‘Lost Hills’ and ‘Kalehghouchi’ was higher for pistachios grown in Parlier, no impact of location was observed for ‘Pete 1’. The fatty acid profiles of all three cultivars appeared to be more dependent on genotype and less affected by microclimate. α-pinene (95–1682 ng/kg), limonene (37–741 ng/kg), and α-terpinolene (1–368 ng/kg) were the most abundant volatiles among all the cultivars and locations. Microclimate was the primary factor in determining volatile terpenes concentration in pistachio kernels.

scholarly journals In vivo and in vitro Volatile Constituents of the Flowers of Xylopia aromatica by HS‑SPME/GC-MS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Junqueira ◽  
Michelle do Nascimento ◽  
Lucas da Costa ◽  
Lincoln Romualdo ◽  
Francisco de Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Large White ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Time

Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae) is a typical species from the Brazilian cerrado that presents medicinal properties. The plant is distinguished by its large white flowers which produce a pleasant fragrance. X. aromatica is characterized by a wide range of medicinal application. These characteristics have motivated us to investigate the flowers volatile organic compounds (VOCs) via in vivo and in vitro protocols by a headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS‑SPME) technique combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC‑MS). Four different fibers, extraction times and temperatures were the parameters changed to lead to the maximum profiling of the volatile constituents. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). A total of 77 VOCs were extracted from the floral scent, with 52 and 68 extracted from in vivo and in vitro sampling, respectively, of which 48 were reported for the first time in the literature as volatile constituents from X. aromatica flowers. The extraction and identification of VOCs were successfully performed through HS-SPME/GC-MS. The PCA data allowed the identification of parameters that led to the maximum number of VOCs, which were polyacrylate (PA) and carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) fibers, 60 min extraction time and temperature of 29.0 °C. Among the volatile constituents identified, sesquiterpenes predominated, comprising about 61.04%.

Oleanane Glycosides from Eclipta prostrata

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad S Rahman ◽  
Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury ◽  
Chodhury M Hasan ◽  
Mohammad A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Full Text ◽  
High Field ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
First Time

Two oleanane-type glycosides eclalbasaponin II (1) and eclalbasaponin I (2) along with the ubiquitous steroid, stigmasterol were isolated from an n-hexane extract of the stem bark of Eclipta prostrata. The structures of the isolated compounds were confirmed by extensive spectroscopic studies, notably high field NMR and MS. The 13C NMR data of the parent saponins 1 and 2 are reported here for the first time. Key words: Eclipta prostrata, Compositae, Oleanane glycoside, Eclalbasaponin I, Eclalbasaponin II. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.4(2) 2005 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

scholarly journals The phytochemical investigation from n-hexane extract of the lichen Roccella montagnei

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Thu Thi-Hoai Nguyen ◽  
Duong Thuc Huy
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Partition Method ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Introduction: R occella montagnei is widely distributed in subtropical regions. As the continuous study on the hexane extract of Roccella montagnei lichen, the isolation and structural determination of five compounds were addressed. Method: The crude extract was obtained from the dried lichen powder's extraction at room temperature. The n-hexane, n-hexane-ethyl acetate, and ethyl acetate extracts were obtained by the liquid-liquid partition method. The organic compounds were isolated from n-hexane extract by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Their chemical structures were identified by the NMR and HR-ESI-MS data analysis and the comparison of their NMR data with the published data. Results: Five compounds were isolated and chemically structural identified, consisting of 3b -hydroxy-7a-methoxystigmast-5-ene (1), sekikaic acid (2), lichenxanthone (3), (+)-6,8-dihydroxy-3-propyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin (4), and ar-turmerone (5). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, except 3 which was reported from this species for the first time, four isolated compounds left did not known to be present in Roccella genus before.

scholarly journals Lovage (Levisticum officinale W.D.J. Koch) Roots: A Source of Bioactive Compounds towards a Circular Economy

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Rafael Mascoloti Spréa ◽  
Ângela Fernandes ◽  
Tiane C. Finimundy ◽  
Carla Pereira ◽  
Maria José Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract ◽  
First Time

Lovage (Levisticum officinale W.D.J. Koch) is an aromatic plant from the Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) family used as a condiment in several regions of Europe and also described to have medicinal properties. While the aerial parts are used as foods, the roots are generally discarded. In the past, lovage roots were used in folk medicine for their diuretic, carminative, and spasmolytic properties. Therefore, the exploitation of this undervalued part of the plant can be a source of valuable bioactive compounds for food and/or pharmaceutical industries. Thus, in this study, extracts of different polarity were prepared and studied regarding their chemical composition and bioactive properties. To the best of our knowledge, the composition in phenolic compounds and the volatile profile of the n-hexane extract are reported for the first time. A total of 24 compounds were identified by GC-MS in the n-hexane extract, evidencing a high relative abundance of phthalides. A total of eight phenolic compounds were identified in lovage root extracts (decoction and hydroethanolic extract), with vanillic acid being the major compound. Regarding antioxidant activity, also reported for the first time, decoction and hydroethanolic extract exhibited a high antioxidant capacity in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (179 ± 11 μg/mL) and in oxidative hemolysis (OxHLIA) assays (510 ± 6 μg/mL), respectively. n-Hexane extract showed relevant anti-proliferative activity against all tumor cell lines tested (GI50, 48–69 μg/mL), despite inhibiting also the growth of a non-tumoral hepatocyte cell line, however, presenting a significantly higher GI50 value (147 μg/mL). This study revealed that lovage root, an agri-food residue, can be a source of valuable bioactive compounds also presenting biological properties that deserve being explored, which could lead to a circular economy for food and/or the pharmaceutical industry.

The Phytotoxic Potential of the Terpenoid Citral on Seedlings and Adult Plants

Weed Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Graña ◽  
Tamara Sotelo ◽  
Carla Díaz-Tielas ◽  
Manuel J. Reigosa ◽  
Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Volatile Component ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Root Absorption ◽  
Thale Cress ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Adult Plants

Citral is a monoterpene commonly found as volatile component in many different aromatic plants. Although many studies have identified the presence of citral in phytotoxic essential oils, this work determines for the first time the potential herbicidal effect of citral on weeds. The use of citral against weeds and crops resulted in the potential for the management of barnyardgrass, redroot pigweed, and ribwort. Clear morphological differences were observed between adult thale cress plants exposed to citral in two different application methods: spraying and watering. Citral-sprayed and citral-watered thale cress plants showed completely different effects after treatment, suggesting that foliar or root absorption can determine the effectiveness of this compound. This work demonstrates that citral is effective not only on seedling metabolism but also on adult plants by inhibiting growth and development altering the plant oxidative status.

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