scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antimycotoxigenic, and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils: An Updated Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4711
Author(s):  
Aysegul Mutlu-Ingok ◽  
Dilara Devecioglu ◽  
Dilara Nur Dikmetas ◽  
Funda Karbancioglu-Guler ◽  
Esra Capanoglu
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Preservatives

The interest in using natural antimicrobials instead of chemical preservatives in food products has been increasing in recent years. In regard to this, essential oils—natural and liquid secondary plant metabolites—are gaining importance for their use in the protection of foods, since they are accepted as safe and healthy. Although research studies indicate that the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of essential oils (EOs) are more common compared to other biological activities, specific concerns have led scientists to investigate the areas that are still in need of research. To the best of our knowledge, there is no review paper in which antifungal and especially antimycotoxigenic effects are compiled. Further, the low stability of essential oils under environmental conditions such as temperature and light has forced scientists to develop and use recent approaches such as encapsulation, coating, use in edible films, etc. This review provides an overview of the current literature on essential oils mainly on antifungal and antimycotoxigenic but also their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Additionally, the recent applications of EOs including encapsulation, edible coatings, and active packaging are outlined.

scholarly journals Influence of In Vitro Human Digestion Simulation on the Phenolics Contents and Biological Activities of the Aqueous Extracts from Turkish Cistus Species

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5322
Author(s):  
Yiğit İnan ◽  
Selin Akyüz ◽  
Inci Kurt-Celep ◽  
Engin Celep ◽  
Erdem Yesilada
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Oxidative stress is one of the significant precursors of various metabolic diseases such as diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, etc. Various scientific reports have indicated that secondary plant metabolites play an important role in preventing oxidative stress and its harmful effects. In this respect, this study was planned to investigate the phenolic profile and antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of the aqueous extracts from Turkish Cistus species by employing in vitro methods. In vitro digestion simulation procedure was applied to all extracts to estimate the bioavailability of their phenolic contents. Total phenolic, flavonoid, phenolic acid and proanthocyanidin contents were determined for all phases of digestion. In addition, changes in the quantity of the assigned marker flavonoids (tiliroside, hyperoside and quercitrin) were monitored by High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) analysis. The antioxidant activity potentials of the extracts were studied by various methods to reveal their detailed activity profiles. On the other hand, in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes and advanced-glycation end product (AGE) inhibitory activities of the extracts were determined to evaluate the antidiabetic potentials of extracts. The results showed that aqueous extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Turkish Cistus species have rich phenolic contents and potential antioxidant and antidiabetic activities; however, their bioactivity profiles and marker flavonoid concentrations might significantly be affected by human digestion. The results exhibited that total phenolic contents, antioxidant activities and diabetes-related enzyme inhibitions of the bioavailable samples were lower than non-digested samples in all extracts.

scholarly journals Volatile terpenoids as potential drug leads in Alzheimer’s disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 332-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina A. Wojtunik-Kulesza ◽  
Katarzyna Targowska-Duda ◽  
Katarzyna Klimek ◽  
Grażyna Ginalska ◽  
Krzysztof Jóźwiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Docking Simulations ◽  
Ache Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Volatile Terpenoids

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is by far the most prevalent of all known forms of dementia. Despite wide-spread research, the main causes of emergence and development of AD have not been fully recognized. Natural, low-molecular, lipophilic terpenoids constitute an interesting group of secondary plant metabolites, that exert biological activities of possible use in the prevention and treatment of AD. In order to identify secondary metabolites possessing both antioxidant activity and the potential to increase the level of acetylcholine, selected terpenoids have been screened for possible acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity by use of two methods, namely Marston (chromatographic assay) and Ellman (spectrophotometric assay). In order to describe the interaction between terpenes and AChE active gorge, molecular docking simulations were performed. Additionally, all analyzed terpenes were also evaluated for their cytotoxic properties against two normal cell lines using MTT assay. The obtained results show that: carvone (6), pulegone (8) and γ-terpinene (7) possess desirable AChE inhibitory activity. MTT assay revealed low or lack of cytotoxicity of these metabolites. Thus, among the investigated terpenes, carvone (6), pulegone (8) and y-terpinene (7) can be recognized as compounds with most promising activities in the development of multi-target directed ligands.

scholarly journals Approach to Optimization of FRAP Methodology for Studies Based on Selected Monoterpenes

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5267
Author(s):  
Karolina A. Wojtunik-Kulesza
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Analgesic Activities

Terpenes, wide-spread secondary plant metabolites, constitute important parts of many natural compounds that hold various biological activities, including antioxidant, calming, antiviral, and analgesic activities. Due to their high volatility and low solubility in water, studies of compounds based on terpenes are difficult, and methodologies must be adjusted to their specific characteristics. Considering the significant influence of iron ions on dementia development, the activity of terpenes in reducing Fe3+ represents an important area to be determined. Previously obtained results were unreliable because ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methodology was not adjusted regarding studying terpenes. Taking this fact into account, the aim of this study was to optimize the method for monoterpene assessment. The study included three modifications, namely, (1) slightly adjusting the entire FRAP procedure, (2) replacing methanol with other solvents (heptane, butanone, or ethyl acetate), and (3) adding Tween 20. Additionally, a thin layer chromatography (TLC) -FRAP assay was performed. The obtained results revealed significant improvement in the reduction activity of selected terpenes (linalool, α-phellandrene, and α-terpinene) in studies with Tween 20, whereas replacing methanol with other solvents did not show the expected effects.

scholarly journals Profiling of Essential Oils Components and Polyphenols for Their Antioxidant Activity of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Grown in Different Environmental Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Chrysargyris ◽  
Maria Mikallou ◽  
Spyridon Petropoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Tzortzakis
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Antioxidant Power

In the present study, the yield, the chemical composition, and the antioxidant activities of the essential oils (EOs) of eight medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) cultivated under two environmental conditions characterized by a different altitude (namely mountainous and plain) were evaluated. Cultivation at different environmental conditions resulted in significant differences in the chemical composition and antioxidant activity for most of the studied species. In particular, high altitudes resulted in increased phenolic compounds’ content and antioxidant activity for artemisia plants, while specific parameters increased in the case of spearmint (total phenols) and rosemary (flavonoids). In contrast, in pelargonium, all the tested parameters were positively affected in the plain area, whereas, for laurel and sage, only flavanols remained unaffected. EO yield in mountainous pelargonium and spearmint decreased while, in mountainous laurel, pelargonium and spearmint increased when compared to plain areas. In addition, the major EO constituents’ content for most of the species were affected by environmental conditions. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were variably correlated with total phenols, flavonoids, and flavanols, depending on the species and the altitude. Lastly, in limited cases, antioxidant activity (DPPH or FRAP values) was positively correlated with some EO components (e.g., borneol and β-pinene in artemisia and laurel plants grown in the plain, respectively, or 1,8-cineole in mountainous grown verbena plants). In conclusion, environmental conditions (altitude) affected antioxidants’ content and EO yield and composition of the studied MAPs. These findings can be used to introduce cultivation of MAPs in specific ecosystems for the production of high added value products.

Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils of Kadsura longepedunculata and Schisandra sphenanthera

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 353-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Song ◽  
Jie-Ying Ding ◽  
Cui Tang ◽  
Chun-Hua Yin
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Schisandra Sphenanthera

The chemical compositions, antimicrobial activities, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicities of the essential oils isolated from the root of Kadsura longepedunculata Finet et Gagnep (KLREO) and the fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wills. (SSFEO) were investigated.The analyses of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that cadinane type compounds and their derivatives were rich in both oils (54.2% and 39.7%, respectively) and δ-cadinene was the major component of both oils (13.8% and 25.6%, respectively). The antimicrobial activities of both oils were evaluated against five microorganisms with the disc diffusion and the broth micro-dilution method. Results showed that Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to both oils than Gram-negative bacteria and the yeast. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the oil of KLREO were lower than those of SSFEO, indicating that the former possessed slightly stronger antibacterial capability than the latter. The reducing power and lipid peroxidation assays were employed to study the potential antioxidant activities of both oils. Both oils remarkably decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat liver homogenate in a dose dependent manner. The antioxidant activities of KLREO appeared to be more potent than that of SSFEO. The oils of KLREO and SSFEO exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicities and were proved to be toxic to HepG2 cells with IC50 of 147 and 189 μg/ml, respectively.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from the Leaves, Stems, and Roots of Kadsura coccinea

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6259
Author(s):  
Tianming Zhao ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Guofei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Kadsura Coccinea ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

The chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils from the leaves, stems, and roots of Kadsura coccinea (K. coccinea) were investigated. The essential oils were extracted by hydro distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Antioxidant activities of the essential oils were examined with DPPH radical scavenging assay, ABTS cation radical scavenging assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum microbiocidal concentrations (MMC). Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the essential oils were also tested. A total of 46, 44, and 47 components were identified in the leaf, stem, and root oils, representing 95.66%, 97.35%, and 92.72% of total composition, respectively. The major compounds of three essential oils were α-pinene (16.60–42.02%), β-pinene (10.03–18.82%), camphene (1.56–10.95%), borneol (0.50–7.71%), δ-cadinene (1.52–7.06%), and β-elemene (1.86–4.45%). The essential oils were found to have weak antioxidant activities and cholinesterase inhibition activities. The essential oils showed more inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) than those of other strains. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed in the root oil against S. aureus, with MIC of 0.78 mg/mL. Therefore, K. coccinea essential oils might be considered as a natural antibacterial agent against S. aureus with potential application in food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Insecticide Activity of Essential Oil of Mesosphaerum suaveolens Against Nauphoeta cinerea

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
José Weverton Almeida Bezerra ◽  
Francisco Alves Grangeiro Neto ◽  
Jacques Tavares Pereira Filho ◽  
Adrielle Rodrigues Costa ◽  
Arycelle Alves de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Nauphoeta Cinerea ◽  
Insecticide Activity ◽  
Insecticidal Action

Essential oils are compounds produced by secondary plant metabolites and are found in leaf trichomes, moreover, they are characteristic because they present strong odors and present biological activities. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal action of Mesosphaerum suaveolens essential oil against nymphs of Nauphoeta cinerea as well as to characterize the chemical constituents present in it. The EO was extracted by means of hydrodistillation and its chemical characterization was done by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). For the biological assay against cockroaches, nymphs of 20 days old were selected for which they were submitted to different concentrations (50 - 1000 μg/mL oil per air) and mortality was evaluated over 48 hours of EO exposure. As a positive control, ethanol (C2H6O) was used. Have been identified 44 compounds in EO, with β-Caryophyllene (18.57%), sabinene (15.94%) and spatulenol (11.09%) being the major compounds of EO. This showed no activity against the nymphs at any of the concentrations, whereas the positive control caused mortality at all concentrations tested. Thus, the essential oil of M. suaveolens does not present insecticidal properties in low concentrations against the cockroach.

Synthesis of Chromen-1-phenylpropen-1-one Derivatives and their Antidepressant/Anticonvulsant Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan-Shan Zhang ◽  
Wei-Hua Liu ◽  
Zhi-Wen He ◽  
Qiu-Wan Tan ◽  
Li-Ping Guan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Maximal Electroshock ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Maximal Electroshock Seizure ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Immobility Time

Background: Coumarin and chalcone are important secondary plant metabolites that exhibit a range of biological activities. Accordingly, the synthetic derivatives and analogs of these molecules have attracted attention as potential pharmacological agents Objective: This study aims to study new antidepressants with high biological activity and low side effects, and to provide a basis for the treatment of epilepsy and depression. Method: In this study, a series of chalcone derivatives containing a coumarin moiety (2a–2s) was designed, synthesized, and evaluated using classic antidepressant and anticonvulsant mouse models. Results: Forced swimming test results revealed that all but one of the compounds tested significantly decrease immobility time at a dose of 10 mg/kg and exhibit some antidepressant activity. Furthermore, compounds 2a, 2c, 2h, and 2k exhibit relatively high antidepressant effects in a dose-dependent manner from 10 to 30 mg/kg. Maximal electroshock seizure tests showed that compounds 2a, 2b, 2c, 2h, 2l, 2r, and 2s exhibit anticonvulsant activity at a dose of 30 mg/kg. Conclusion: Accordingly, compounds 2a, 2c, and 2h show promise as antidepressant adjunct therapy agents for treating depression in patients with epilepsy. Chromatographic neurochemical analysis of the mouse brain tissue revealed that the antidepressant effects of the compounds may be mediated by an increase in serotonin level.

Extractives and biological activities of Lamiaceae species growing in Uzbekistan

Holzforschung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva ◽  
Davlat Kh. Akramov ◽  
Stefan Böhmdorfer ◽  
Shahnoz S. Azimova ◽  
Thomas Rosenau
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Botanical Description

AbstractPlants of the Lamiaceae family are important ornamental, medicinal and aromatic plants, with many of them producing essential oils that are used in traditional and modern medicine as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. This review summarizes research on selected Lamiaceae species from the Uzbekistan flora with regard to their chemical constituents and biological activity. These plants contain many bioactive compounds, such as ecdysteroids, iridoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics and alkaloids, exhibiting different antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. The botanical description, taxonomy, habitat and ethnopharmacology of the investigated Lamiaceae species that have been used in Uzbek traditional medicine are presented as well, including the local names.

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