scholarly journals Hybrid Cellulose–Basalt Polypropylene Composites with Enhanced Compatibility: The Role of Coupling Agent

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 4384
Author(s):  
Claudia Sergi ◽  
Francesca Sbardella ◽  
Matteo Lilli ◽  
Jacopo Tirillò ◽  
Andrea Calzolari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Lower Reactivity ◽  
Charpy Impact Strength ◽  
Composite Properties

This study deals with the development and optimization of hybrid composites integrating microcrystalline cellulose and short basalt fibers in a polypropylene (PP) matrix to maximize the mechanical properties of resulting composites. To this aim, the effects of two different coupling agents, endowed with maleic anhydride (MA-g(grafted)-PP) and acrylic acid (AA-g-PP) functionalities, on the composite properties were investigated as a function of their amount. Tensile, flexural, impact and heat deflection temperature tests highlighted the lower reactivity and effectiveness of AA-g-PP, regardless of reinforcement type. Hybrid formulations with basalt/cellulose (15/15) and with 5 wt. % of MA-g-PP displayed remarkable increases in tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength and modulus, and notched Charpy impact strength, of 45% and 284%, 97% and 263%, and 13%, in comparison with neat PP, respectively. At the same time, the thermo-mechanical stability was enhanced by 65% compared to neat PP. The results of this study, if compared with the ones available in the literature, reveal the ability of such a combination of reinforcements to provide materials suitable for automotive applications with environmental benefits.

Mechanical and Tribological Properties of A7050 Hybrid Composite Reinforced with Nano Al2O3/Micro ZrO2 Particles by Stir Casting Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 576-581
Author(s):  
K. Sekar ◽  
Rahul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Ceramic Particle ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Charpy Impact Strength

The composite plays an important role in the new generation of engineering material with better tribological and mechanical properties. In this paper, the hybrid composites of A7050/Al2O3/ZrO2 with different wt. % of reinforcement materials (0.5, 1, 1.5wt. % ZrO2, and 1wt. % Al2O3 constant for all composites) were fabricated by stir casting method. From the results, it was observed that the good texture in microstructure without defect with an addition of constant 1wt% Al2O3 and varying 0.5, 1and 1.5 wt% ZrO2. The Hardness of hybrid composites is increased by 27% with addition of 1wt % of Al2O3 and 1.5 wt% ZrO2 compare to base alloy. Charpy impact strength decreased with the addition of Al2O3 and ZrO2 ceramic particle in all the composites. From the dry wear studies, the composite with 1wt% Al2O3 and 1wt% ZrO2 was observed with minimum wear loss and low coefficient of friction.

Weathering of wood-polypropylene and wood-wollastonite-polypropylene composites containing pigments in Finnish climatic conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Butylina ◽  
Marko Hyvärinen ◽  
Timo Kärki
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Black Pigment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
One Year ◽  
Charpy Impact Strength ◽  
Outdoor Weathering

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the resistance of wood-polypropylene and wood-wollastonite-polypropylene composites containing pigments to natural weathering. Design/methodology/approach – Natural weathering of composites was conducted in Finnish climatic conditions for one year. The colour of the composites was determined with a spectrophotometer, the morphology of the composite surface was analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in the polymer structure in surface layer of the composites were analysed with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Charpy impact strength was determined with an impact tester. Findings – The pigments used in this study reduced the colour change of the composites exposed to outdoor weathering as compared with the un-coloured composite. The carbon black pigment was more effective than the iron oxide pigment. Moreover, only the carbon black pigment was found to reduce the degradation of the surface layer of the composites. The addition of the carbon black pigment had a positive effect on the dimensional stability of the composites in a water absorption test. Only the combination of the carbon black pigment and wollastonite resulted in a composite which was capable to retain its Charpy impact strength both after one year of outdoor weathering and cyclic treatment. Research limitations/implications – This study is a part of continuous research on the development of wood-polymer composites (WPUs) suitable for outdoor applications in Finnish climatic conditions. The first part of the study, which has been published earlier, showed the results of weathering of composites in accelerated tests in comparison with 1,000 hours outdoor exposure during summer time (June and July). Outdoor weathering limited to 1,000 hours cannot give an objective view on the weathering behaviour of composites in Finnish climatic conditions. The results of the current study were obtained from one-year outdoor exposure of composites. Originality/value – The wood-polypropylene composite made with the combination of the carbon black pigment and wollastonite can be recommended for outdoor applications. The study provides useful information on the resistance of wood-polypropylene composites to weathering in Finnish climatic conditions.

Effect of stacking sequence on the mechanical properties of pseudo-ductile thin-ply unidirectional carbon-basalt fibers/epoxy composites

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372097840
Author(s):  
SM Saleh Mousavi-Bafrouyi ◽  
Reza Eslami-Farsani ◽  
Abdolreza Geranmayeh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Stacking Sequence ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Ductile Behavior

In this study, the flexural and impact properties of hybrid composites including the thin-ply unidirectional (UD) carbon fibers and basalt fabrics with different stacking sequences were investigated. Hybrid composites were fabricated by 2 layers of thin-ply UD carbon fibers and 6 layers of basalt fabrics in which the position of thin-ply UD carbon fibers was changed from the center to the outermost layers for different samples. Results indicated that by embedding the thin-ply UD carbon fibers in the laminates, both flexural and impact properties of the samples were considerably improved. The highest flexural strength (451 MPa) and modulus (37 GPa) values were achieved when the thin-ply UD carbon fibers were placed at the outermost layers; these values were respectively 24% and 44% higher than those of the sample without these fibers. However, results indicated that by placing the thin-ply UD carbon fibers at the center of samples, the failure behavior of samples was changed from catastrophic failure to progressive; and a pseudo-ductile behavior was observed in the mentioned samples. The highest pseudo-ductile strain value of 0.0054 was obtained by placing the thin-ply UD carbon fibers at the center of samples. Similar to the trend pseudo-ductility of samples, the flexural strain of samples improved by nearing the thin-ply UD carbon fibers to the center of samples. Similar to the flexural strain of samples, the results of Charpy impact tests indicated that by nearing the thin-ply UD carbon fibers to the outermost layers, the absorbed energy values decreased.

Accelerated and Natural Weathering of Wood-Polypropylene Composites Containing Pigments

2014 ◽  
Vol 1077 ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Hyvärinen ◽  
Svetlana Butylina ◽  
Timo Kärki
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Polypropylene Composite ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Wood Polymer Composites ◽  
Charpy Impact Strength ◽  
Outdoor Weathering

In general, wood-polymer composites are vulnerable to weathering factors such as UV radiation, moisture, freeze-thaw action. Weathering can cause discoloration, chalking, dimensional change, and loss of mechanical properties of wood-polymer composites. This comparative study was focused on weatherability of wood–polypropylene composites made with and without pigments. Two types of inorganic pigments were applied: carbon black master-batch and synthetic iron oxide. Wood-polypropylene composite made without pigment was used as a reference. Also, composites prepared with addition of wollastonite were tested. The composite samples were exposed to outdoor weathering and in a parallel the accelerated UV weathering was conducted in xenon weathering chamber for the 2000 hours. The colour change was estimated by spectrophotometric method, and the change of Charpy impact strength after weathering was determined. The surface morphology was studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The addition of pigments decreased the lightness of non-weathered composites. The change of lightness and total colour change of weathered composites were affected a lot by type of pigment and method of weathering. As, expected wood-polypropylene composite made with carbon black showed the best results in colour stability of composites exposed to weathering. SEM showed that accelerated weathering in the xenon chamber caused more significant changes in the morphology of the polymer surface layer of the composites than outdoor weathering. Charpy impact strength of all studied composites was found to retain after 2000 hours of outdoor weathering, although accelerated weathering caused significant reduction of Charpy impact strength of these composites.

scholarly journals Improvement of Performance Profile of Acrylic Based Polyester Bio-Composites by Bast/Basalt Fibers Hybridization for Automotive Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Anjum Saleem ◽  
Luisa Medina ◽  
Mikael Skrifvars
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Bast Fiber ◽  
Bast Fibers ◽  
Resin Impregnation ◽  
Structural Applications

New technologies in the automotive industry require lightweight, environment-friendly, and mechanically strong materials. Bast fibers such as kenaf, flax, and hemp reinforced polymers are frequently used composites in semi-structural applications in industry. However, the low mechanical properties of bast fibers limit the applications of these composites in structural applications. The work presented here aims to enhance the mechanical property profile of bast fiber reinforced acrylic-based polyester resin composites by hybridization with basalt fibers. The hybridization was studied in three resin forms, solution, dispersion, and a mixture of solution and dispersion resin forms. The composites were prepared by established processing methods such as carding, resin impregnation, and compression molding. The composites were characterized for their mechanical (tensile, flexural, and Charpy impact strength), thermal, and morphological properties. The mechanical performance of hybrid bast/basalt fiber composites was significantly improved compared to their respective bast fiber composites. For hybrid composites, the specific flexural modulus and strength were on an average about 21 and 19% higher, specific tensile modulus and strength about 31 and 16% higher, respectively, and the specific impact energy was 13% higher than bast fiber reinforced composites. The statistical significance of the results was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.

The role of SEBS in tailoring the interface between the polymer matrix and exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets in hybrid composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai ◽  
George Joseph ◽  
K.P. Shinu ◽  
P.R. Sreejesh ◽  
Seno Jose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Exfoliated Graphene

scholarly journals A State of the Art of the Overall Energy Efficiency of Wood Buildings—An Overview and Future Possibilities

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1848
Author(s):  
Matheus Roberto Cabral ◽  
Pierre Blanchet
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hybrid Buildings ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Mass Timber

The main goal of this study was to review current studies on the state of the art of wood constructions with a particular focus on energy efficiency, which could serve as a valuable source of information for both industry and scholars. This review begins with an overview of the role of materials in wood buildings to improve energy performance, covering structural and insulation materials that have already been successfully used in the market for general applications over the years. Subsequently, studies of different wood building systems (i.e., wood-frame, post-and-beam, mass timber and hybrid constructions) and energy efficiency are discussed. This is followed by a brief introduction to strategies to increase the energy efficiency of constructions. Finally, remarks and future research opportunities for wood buildings are highlighted. Some general recommendations for developing more energy-efficient wood buildings are identified in the literature and discussed. There is a lack of emerging construction concepts for wood-frame and post-and-beam buildings and a lack of design codes and specifications for mass timber and hybrid buildings. From the perspective of the potential environmental benefits of these systems as a whole, and their effects on energy efficiency and embodied energy in constructions, there are barriers that need to be considered in the future.

scholarly journals Additional Benefits of Community Managed Forest: A Case Study of Champadevi Community Forest

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Bhanu B Panthi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Managed Forest ◽  
Community Based

This research attempts to identify the existing condition of the community managed forest based on the assumption that it will serve as a proxy for the condition of other forests in the mid hills region of Nepal. The research area has an atypical variation in altitude and diverse pattern of vegetation. This study mainly focuses on estimating carbon content in the forest and identifying the species that has more carbon storage capacity. The research signifies the role of forests in mitigation of ‘Global warming’ and ‘Climate change’ by storing carbon in tree biomass. These types of community based forest management programs are significant for their additional carbon sequestration through the avoidance of deforestation and degradation. The carbon sequestration have a significant contribution to environmental benefits, any shrinkage of forests have an enormous impact on CO2 emission with long term consequences. Thus, the development and expansion of community managed forests provide many benefits to the adjacent community and globally at large.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v12i0.6490 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 12 (2011) 127-32 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document