scholarly journals Brown Seaweeds for the Management of Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4182
Author(s):  
Daniela Gabbia ◽  
Sara De Martin
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the coexistence of different metabolic disorders which increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, metabolic syndrome leads to a reduction in patients’ quality of life as well as to an increase in morbidity and mortality. In the last few decades, it has been demonstrated that seaweeds exert multiple beneficial effects by virtue of their micro- and macronutrient content, which could help in the management of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This review aims to provide an updated overview on the potential of brown seaweeds for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome and its associated diseases, based on the most recent evidence obtained from in vitro and in vivo preclinical and clinical studies. Owing to their great potential for health benefits, brown seaweeds are successfully used in some nutraceuticals and functional foods for treating metabolic syndrome comorbidities. However, some issues still need to be tackled and deepened to improve the knowledge of their ADME/Tox profile in humans, in particular by finding validated indexes of their absorption and obtaining reliable information on their efficacy and long-term safety.

scholarly journals Bone Regeneration by Novel Bioactive Glasses Containing Strontium and/or Magnesium: A Preliminary In-Vivo Study

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devis Bellucci ◽  
Valeria Cannillo ◽  
Alexandre Anesi ◽  
Roberta Salvatori ◽  
Luigi Chiarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Complete Dissolution ◽  
In Vitro Bioactivity ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Glass Dissolution

In this work, a set of novel bioactive glasses have been tested in vivo in an animal model. The new compositions, characterized by an exceptional thermal stability and high in vitro bioactivity, contain strontium and/or magnesium, whose biological benefits are well documented in the literature. To simulate a long-term implant and to study the effect of the complete dissolution of glasses, samples were implanted in the mid-shaft of rabbits’ femur and analyzed 60 days after the surgery; such samples were in undersized powder form. The statistical significance with respect to the type of bioactive glass was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test. The results show high levels of bone remodeling, several new bone formations containing granules of calcium phosphate (sometimes with amounts of strontium and/or magnesium), and the absence of adverse effects on bone processes due to the almost complete glass dissolution. In vivo results confirming the cell culture outcomes of a previous study highlighted that these novel bioglasses had osteostimulative effect without adverse skeletal reaction, thus indicating possible beneficial effects on bone formation processes. The presence of strontium in the glasses seems to be particularly interesting.

scholarly journals Beneficial Role of Bitter Melon Supplementation in Obesity and Related Complications in Metabolic Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ashraful Alam ◽  
Riaz Uddin ◽  
Nusrat Subhan ◽  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Preeti Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome are becoming epidemic both in developed and developing countries in recent years. Complementary and alternative medicines have been used since ancient era for the treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Bitter melon is widely used as vegetables in daily food in Bangladesh and several other countries in Asia. The fruits extract of bitter melon showed strong antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities in experimental condition bothin vivoandin vitro. Recent scientific evaluation of this plant extracts also showed potential therapeutic benefit in diabetes and obesity related metabolic dysfunction in experimental animals and clinical studies. These beneficial effects are mediated probably by inducing lipid and fat metabolizing gene expression and increasing the function of AMPK and PPARs, and so forth. This review will thus focus on the recent findings on beneficial effect ofMomordica charantiaextracts on metabolic syndrome and discuss its potential mechanism of actions.

scholarly journals Electrospun PCL/PLA Scaffolds Are More Suitable Carriers of Placental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Than Collagen/Elastin Scaffolds and Prevent Wound Contraction in a Mouse Model of Wound Healing

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Vonbrunn ◽  
Marc Mueller ◽  
Melanie Pichlsberger ◽  
Monika Sundl ◽  
Alexander Helmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exert beneficial effects during wound healing, and cell-seeded scaffolds are a promising method of application. Here, we compared the suitability of a clinically used collagen/elastin scaffold (Matriderm) with an electrospun Poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(l-lactide) (PCL/PLA) scaffold as carriers for human amnion-derived MSCs (hAMSCs). We created an epidermal-like PCL/PLA scaffold and evaluated its microstructural, mechanical, and functional properties. Sequential spinning of different PCL/PLA concentrations resulted in a wide-meshed layer designed for cell-seeding and a dense-meshed layer for apical protection. The Matriderm and PCL/PLA scaffolds then were seeded with hAMSCs, with or without Matrigel coating. The quantity and quality of the adherent cells were evaluated in vitro. The results showed that hAMSCs adhered to and infiltrated both scaffold types but on day 3, more cells were observed on PCL/PLA than on Matriderm. Apoptosis and proliferation rates were similar for all carriers except the coated Matriderm, where apoptotic cells were significantly enhanced. On day 8, the number of cells decreased on all carrier types except the coated Matriderm, which had consistently low cell numbers. Uncoated Matriderm had the highest percentage of proliferative cells and lowest apoptosis rate of all carrier types. Each carrier also was topically applied to skin wound sites in a mouse model and analyzed in vivo over 14 days via optical imaging and histological methods, which showed detectable hAMSCs on all carrier types on day 8. On day 14, all wounds exhibited newly formed epidermis, and all carriers were well-integrated into the underlying dermis and showing signs of degradation. However, only wounds treated with uncoated PCL/PLA maintained a round appearance with minimal contraction. Overall, the results support a 3-day in vitro culture of scaffolds with hAMSCs before wound application. The PCL/PLA scaffold showed higher cell adherence than Matriderm, and the effect of the Matrigel coating was negligible, as all carrier types maintained sufficient numbers of transplanted cells in the wound area. The anti-contractive effects of the PCL/PLA scaffold offer potential new therapeutic approaches to wound care.

Epigenetics in Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Role of Histone Deacetylases

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorabh Sharma ◽  
K.C. Sarathlal ◽  
Rajeev Taliyan
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Histone Acetylation ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Hdac Inhibitors ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Background & Objective: Imbalance in histone acetylation levels and consequently the dysfunction in transcription are associated with a wide variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Histone proteins acetylation and deacetylation is carried out by two opposite acting enzymes, histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs), respectively. In-vitro and in-vivo animal models of neurodegenerative diseases and post mortem brains of patients have been reported overexpressed level of HDACs. In recent past numerous studies have indicated that HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) might be a promising class of therapeutic agents for treating these devastating diseases. HDACs being a part of repressive complexes, the outcome of their inhibition has been attributed to enhanced gene expression due to heightened histone acetylation. Beneficial effects of HDACIs has been explored both in preclinical and clinical studies of these diseases. Thus, their screening as future therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases has been widely explored. Conclusion: In this review, we focus on the putative role of HDACs in neurodegeneration and further discuss their potential as a new therapeutic avenue for treating neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Novel Site-Specific Fatty Chain-Modified GLP-1 Receptor Agonist with Potent Antidiabetic Effects

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Zhong ◽  
Zhu Chen ◽  
Qiong Chen ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Zhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have emerged as treatment options for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we designed a high-throughput GLP-1R extracellular domain (ECD)-based system that enabled the screening of high-potency receptor-biased GLP-1R agonists demonstrating new pharmacological virtues. Firstly, six 12-mer peptides (termed PEP01–06), screened from a large phage displayed peptide library were fused to the N-terminus of Exendin-4 (29–39) to generate PEP07–12. By the use of four lysine-altered PEP07 (PEP13–16) as the starting point, a series of fatty chain conjugates (PEP17–20) were synthesized and evaluated by in vitro GLP-1R-based cell assays. In addition, the acute and long-term in vivo effects on diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice were further evaluated. All four conjugates showed good receptor activation efficacy, and PEP20 was selected to undergo further assessment. Preclinical experiments in DIO mice demonstrated that PEP20 had significant insulinotropic activities and glucose-lowering abilities. Moreover, a prolonged antidiabetic effect of PEP20 was also observed by the hypoglycemic test in DIO mice. Furthermore, long-term treatment with PEP20 achieved beneficial effects on the food intake, weight gain, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) lowering activity, and glucose tolerance compared with the control and was similar to the Liraglutide. In conclusion, PEP20, a GLP-1R ECD-biased agonist, may provide a novel therapeutic approach to T2DM.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Teeth Bleaching after Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Irini Fagogeni ◽  
Tomasz Falgowski ◽  
Joanna Metlerska ◽  
Mariusz Lipski ◽  
Maciej Górski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Barrier Materials ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Regenerative Endodontic Treatment

The aim of this review is to evaluate of effectiveness of bleaching procedures used to treat discolored teeth subsequent to regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) based on the review of in vitro and in vivo studies. This literature review was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. Four databases (PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases) were searched electronically, until 30 January 2020 without a year limit. The quality of studies was assessed using a modified methodological index for non-randomized studies. After analyzing 1405 studies, 6 in vitro and 9 in vivo studies were eligible for this review. In in vitro studies, effectiveness of bleaching was assessed in teeth discolored by antibiotic pastes, blood, and barrier materials in various combinations. In all analyzed studies, bleaching was effective in teeth discolored by antibiotic pastes as well as by blood and barrier materials. Of 26 treated teeth in the in vivo studies, 17 teeth were bleached successfully. In six cases, there was improvement of the shade. In three cases, bleaching was not sufficient. Bleaching material, techniques, and times differed between studies. Whitening of discolored teeth after REPs is achievable. However, to establish precise guidelines, further long-term clinical studies should be performed.

scholarly journals A Study on the Quality and Identity of Brazilian Pampa Biome Honey: Evidences for Its Beneficial Effects against Oxidative Stress and Hyperglycemia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Cruz ◽  
J. E. S. Batista ◽  
A. P. P. Zemolin ◽  
M. E. M. Nunes ◽  
D. B. Lippert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
First Time

We characterized, for the first time, the quality and identity of Brazilian Pampa biome honey and its antioxidant propertiesin vitro(FRAP, DDPH and ABTS). The potential protective effect of honey against oxidative stress induced by iron (Fe) and paraquat, (PQ) in aDrosophila melanogastermodel (in vivo) was also tested. The results indicated that all honey samples tested showed antioxidant activityin vitro. Flies treated with honey showed increased lifespan and were protected against oxidative stress induced by Fe and PQ. Despite the high concentration of sugars in honey (approximately 70–80%), our results demonstrate a hypoglycemic-like effect of honey inDrosophila. Thus, this study demonstrates the high quality of Brazilian Pampa biome honey as well as its significant antioxidant activityin vitroandin vivo, pointing to the potential use of this natural product as an alternative in the therapy of oxidative stress-associated diseases.

scholarly journals Potential Effects of Soy Isoflavones on the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5863
Author(s):  
Kazuo Yamagata ◽  
Yukio Yamori
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Isoflavones are polyphenols primarily contained in soybean. As phytoestrogens, isoflavones exert beneficial effects on various chronic diseases. Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of death due to arteriosclerosis in individuals with various pathological conditions, including obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Although the health benefits of soybean-derived isoflavones are widely known, their beneficial effects on the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome are incompletely understood. This review aims to describe the association between soybean-derived isoflavone intake and the risk of metabolic syndrome development. We reviewed studies on soy isoflavones, particularly daidzein and genistein, and metabolic syndrome, using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. We describe the pathological characteristics of metabolic syndrome, including those contributing to multiple pathological conditions. Furthermore, we summarize the effects of soybean-derived daidzein and genistein on metabolic syndrome reported in human epidemiological studies and experiments using in vitro and in vivo models. In particular, we emphasize the role of soy isoflavones in metabolic syndrome-induced cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, this review focuses on the potential of soy isoflavones to prevent metabolic syndrome by influencing the onset of hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and arteriosclerosis and discusses the anti-inflammatory effects of isoflavones.

scholarly journals The Role of Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Possible Mechanisms

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Wenjing Tao ◽  
Geng Wang ◽  
Jintao Wei
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharide ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of metabolic disorders including central obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, has become a major public health problem worldwide. It is of great significance to develop natural products to prevent and treat metabolic syndrome. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of chitosan prepared by the deacetylation of chitin, which is the second most abundant polymer in nature. In recent years, COS has received widespread attention due to its various biological activities. The present review will summarize the evidence from both in vitro and in vivo studies of the beneficial effects of COS on obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, and hypertension, and focus attention on possible mechanisms of the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome by COS.

scholarly journals Plants and Diabetes: Description, Role, Comprehension and Exploitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3938
Author(s):  
Alessandra Durazzo ◽  
Massimo Lucarini ◽  
Antonello Santini
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
The Body ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Main Components

Many plants have been known for centuries to have medicinal importance with potential beneficial effects on health. Phytotherapeutic compounds are well known to play a globally significant role, in particular in the management and treatment of various chronic diseases. Among these, diabetes can cause long term damage to the body other than having a relevant economic burden on society being among the costliest chronic diseases. This motivated the focus of the proposed Special Issue, intended to develop and exploit the potential role of plants in the management and treatment of diabetes. The main topics included are: (i) description and use of medicinal plants for diabetes management; (ii) the elucidation and delineation of their main components, properties (anti-hyperglycaemic, hypoglicaemic, anti-infiammatory, apoptotic agents, etc.), (iii) the mechanism of action (in vitro and in vivo studies); (iv) formulation of nutraceuticals, botanicals, and dietary supplements useful as tools as an alternative or support to anti-diabetic pharmacological therapies; (v) development of new markers.

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