scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Color Reproduction Quality of Color 3D Printing Based on Colored Layer Features

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangping Yuan ◽  
Jieni Tian ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Guangxue Chen
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Color Reproduction ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Layer Sequence ◽  
Colored Layer

Color three-dimensional (3D) printing is an advanced 3D printing technique for reproducing colorful 3D objects, but it still has color accuracy issues. Plastic-based color 3D printing is a common color 3D printing process, and most factors affecting its color reproduction quality have been studied from printing materials to parameters in the fixed consecutive layers. In this work, and combined with variable stair thickness, the colored layer sequence in sliced layers of a specific 3D color test chart is deliberately changed to test the effects of colored layer features on its final color reproduction quality. Meanwhile, the colorimetric measurement and image acquisition of printed 3D color test charts are both achieved under standard conditions. Results clearly show that the chromatic aberration values and mean structural similarity (MSSIM) values of color samples have a significant correlation with the colored stair thickness, but both did not display a linear relationship. The correlation trends between colored layer sequence and the above two indexes are more localized to the colored stair thickness. Combined with color structural similarity (SSIM) maps analysis, a comprehensive discussion between colored layer features and color reproduction quality of color 3D printing is presented, providing key insights for developing further accurate numerical models.

Color Reproduction Accuracy Promotion of 3D-Printed Surfaces Based on Microscopic Image Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 2054004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochun Wang ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Jiangping Yuan ◽  
Guangxue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Microscopic Image ◽  
Color Reproduction ◽  
Microscopic Image Analysis

Full-color three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is a powerful process to manufacture intelligent customized colorful objects with improved surface qualities; however, poor surface color optimization methods are the main impeding factors for its commercialization. As such, the paper explored the correlation between microstructure and color reproduction, then an assessment and prediction method of color optimization based on microscopic image analysis was proposed. The experimental models were divided into 24-color plates and 4-color cubes printed by ProJet 860 3D printer, then impregnated according to preset parameters, at last measured by a spectrophotometer and observed using both a digital microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The results revealed that the samples manifested higher saturation and smaller chromatic aberration ([Formula: see text]) after postprocessing. Moreover, the brightness of the same color surface increased with the increasing soaked surface roughness. Further, reduction in surface roughness, impregnation into surface pores, and enhancement of coating transparency effectively improved the accuracy of color reproduction, which could be verified by the measured values. Finally, the chromatic aberration caused by positioning errors on different faces of the samples was optimized, and the value of [Formula: see text] for a black cube was reduced from 8.12 to 0.82, which is undetectable to human eyes.

Study on Client-Side Color Reproduction Methods of Network Printing

2012 ◽  
Vol 182-183 ◽  
pp. 1967-1971
Author(s):  
Bing Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Color Reproduction ◽  
Color Printing ◽  
Processing Software ◽  
Image Processing Software ◽  
Client Side ◽  
Network Form

Because of the current network printing, exists the problem about the long print cycle, expensive and big chromatic aberration of the client display color reproduction. The article gives a method to gets the printing reproduction data and gets WYSIWYG about network printing client desktop displays color. On the basis of client's desktop display color, with the help of network printers printing technology, image processing software, visual observation of network clients and network form, the client desktop color display data is gotten. By the software reduction calculation, the method implements consistent the effect between the client-side displays color and printing color. The demonstration shows that it can solve the problem of network printing client display color printing reproduce, improves the quality of network printing, reduces network printing cycle.

scholarly journals Performance Enhanced Elemental Array Generation for Integral Image Display Using Pixel Fusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingqing Huang ◽  
Zhan Yan ◽  
Xiaoyu Jiang ◽  
Tao Jing ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Position Errors ◽  
Manual Adjustment ◽  
Display Technology ◽  
Array Generation ◽  
Optical Reconstruction ◽  
Elemental Image

Integral imaging is an emerging three-dimensional display technology. However, some inherent issues such as depth inversion has restricted its development. As such, this paper proposes a pixel fusion technique to generate elemental image arrays and overcome pseudoscopic problems occurring in sparse imaging environments. The similarity between the aimed displayed rays and the two adjacent captured rays of an object in a parallel light field was measured by the ratio of the spatial distance of the displayed and captured rays to the interval of the adjacent captured light. Displayed pixel values were acquired for the parallel captured rays. Corresponding pixel position errors were determined in sparse capture conditions and the method was further improved by using the position errors to identify the correct pixel, resulting in higher image quality. The proposed technique does not require manual adjustment of reference planes or other parameters, even at low capturing densities. This provides added convenience and may reduce capturing costs in actual scenes. Experiments using two bricks in virtual scenes under 9 × 9 to 137 × 137 capture cameras were conducted, and the quality of the generated elemental image array was compared with smart pseudoscopic-to-orthoscopic conversion (SPOC). The peak signal-to-noize ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) values showed the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The optical reconstruction results from both real and virtual scenes demonstrated improvements in vision of reconstructed three-dimensional scenes.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional Printing in Spine Surgery: Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanli Xie ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Chunyan Yang ◽  
Deguang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Heterogeneity ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Abstract BackgroundThe complexity and diversity of spine pathology lead to the complexity and diversity of spinal surgery. The emergence and application of three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology has brought good news to surgeons and patients. However, the use of 3DP in spinal surgery remains controversial. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate whether 3D printing technology is beneficial for spinal surgery.MethodsThree English online databases including EMBASE (via embase.com), Medline (via PubMed), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) will be searched from inception until August 31, 2020. Document records retrieved according to the pre-defined search strategy will be managed by EndNote X7. The MINORST (methodological index for non-randomized studies) item recommended for non-randomized controlled interventional studies in surgery will be used to assess the quality of non-randomized controlled studies. The “Risk of bias” (ROB) table will be used to assess the quality of randomized controlled studies. The data extraction will be completed by two authors independently, one of whom extracts and the other checks. If there is any missing data, original author will be contacted to obtain the data required. Any inconsistencies were agreed upon by discussion with a third investigator. If the collected data can be synthesized, Review Manager (RevMan5.3) will be used to estimate the overall effect of 3DP for Spinal surgery. Otherwise, only the qualitative analysis will be carried out. According to the results of clinical heterogeneity test, random effects model or fixed effects model will be used for data synthesis. The sources of clinical heterogeneity will be explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis. If more than 10 studies are included, funnel plots will be used to assess the publication bias. This review will be carried out in strict accordance with Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.ConclusionThis study will can provide surgeons and patients with evidence-based evidence for the use of 3D printing technology in spinal surgery.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO/ID = CRD42020204053.

scholarly journals Rheological study on 3D printability of alginate hydrogel and effect of graphene oxide

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijun Li ◽  
Sijun Liu ◽  
Li Lin
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Model Material ◽  
Alginate Hydrogel ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Selection Of

In recent years, hydrogels have been used as important biomaterials for 3D printing of three dimensional tis-sues or organs. The key issue for printing a successful scaffold is the selection of a material with a good printability. Rheological properties of hydrogels are believed to pay an important role in 3D printability. However the relations be-tween rheological properties of hydrogels and 3D printability have not been extensively studied. In this study, algi-nate-based hydrogels were prepared as a model material for an extrusion-based printer and graphene oxide was added to modify the rheological properties and 3D printability of the hydrogels. Rheological studies were performed for the hy-drogel samples with different formulas. The range of shear rates that the hydrogels suffered during the printing process was deduced. This range of shear rates helped us to select a proper shear rate to investigate the thixotropic properties of the hydrogels. Furthermore, we also defined some measureable parameters to describe and discuss the quality of 3D printing. The present study shows a new approach to analysis of 3D printability of a hydrogel and also provides some suggestion for 3D printing of 3D scaffolds.

3D Reconstruction Role in Surgical Treatment of Sinonasal Tumours

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1455-1457
Author(s):  
Dragos Octavian Palade ◽  
Bogdan Mihail Cobzeanu ◽  
Petronela Zaharia ◽  
Marius Dabija
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Medical Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Tissue Defects

Three-dimensional printing has numerous applications and has gained much interest in the medical world. The constantly improving quality of 3D-printing applications has contributed to their increased use on patients. Nowadays, 3D printing is very well integrated in the surgical practice and research. Also, the field of head and neck reconstructive surgery is constantly evolving because of the three-dimensional printing, a technology which can be widely used in a variety of situations such as reconstruction of tissue defects, surgical planning, medical modeling and prosthesis. By using 3D printing into tissue engineering and materials, it may be possible for otolaryngologists to implant 3D printed functional grafts into patients and will also provide a rapid production of personalized patient-specific devices. Advances in 3D printed implants and future tissue-engineered constructs will bring great progress to the field of otorhinolaryngology.

Research on 3D Printing Forming Technology for Processing Tablet Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 928 ◽  
pp. 168-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yu Yang ◽  
Zheng Hong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Tablet Manufacturing ◽  
Materials Used

The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential of tablet manufacturing technology combined with 3D printing technology. The acetaminophen raw materials used for 3D printing are formulated in a clean environment according to the actual amount. And homemade material mixed-type three-dimensional printer is used to print double-layer acetaminophen tablets. In this paper, the factors influencing the quality of the tablet were explored by orthogonal experiments, and the optimal parameters were obtained. In order to determine whether the tablet meets the quality requirements, the hardness, friability and dissolution profiles of the 3D printing tablets were determined by the test instrument.

scholarly journals The role of 3D printed models in the teaching of human anatomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Ye ◽  
Aishe Dun ◽  
Hanming Jiang ◽  
Cuifang Nie ◽  
Shulian Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Conventional Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
3D Print

Abstract Background Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging technology widely used in medical education. However, its role in the teaching of human anatomy needs further evaluation. Methods PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, SpringerLink, and Nature databases were searched systematically for studies published from January 2011 to April 2020 in the English language. GRADEprofiler software was used to evaluate the quality of literature. In this study, a meta-analysis of continuous and binary data was conducted. Both descriptive and statistical analyses were used. Results Comparing the post-training tests in neuroanatomy, cardiac anatomy, and abdominal anatomy, the standardized mean difference (SMD) of the 3D group and the conventional group were 1.27, 0.37, and 2.01, respectively (p < 0.05). For 3D vs. cadaver and 3D vs. 2D, the SMD were 0.69 and 1.05, respectively (p < 0.05). For answering time, the SMD of the 3D group vs. conventional group was – 0.61 (P < 0.05). For 3D print usefulness, RR = 2.29(P < 0.05). Five of the six studies showed that satisfaction of the 3D group was higher than that of the conventional group. Two studies showed that accuracy of answering questions in the 3D group was higher than that in the conventional group. Conclusions Compared with students in the conventional group, those in the 3D printing group had advantages in accuracy and answering time. In the test of anatomical knowledge, the test results of students in the 3D group were not inferior (higher or equal) to those in the conventional group. The post-training test results of the 3D group were higher than those in the cadaver or 2D group. More students in the 3D printing group were satisfied with their learning compared with the conventional group. The results could be influenced by the quality of the randomized controlled trials. In a framework of ethical rigor, the application of the 3D printing model in human anatomy teaching is expected to grow further.

scholarly journals Reducing Waste in 3D Printing Using a Neural Network Based on an Own Elbow Exoskeleton

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5074
Author(s):  
Izabela Rojek ◽  
Dariusz Mikołajewski ◽  
Jakub Kopowski ◽  
Piotr Kotlarz ◽  
Maciej Piechowiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Injection Simulation

Traditional rehabilitation systems are evolving into advanced systems that enhance and improve rehabilitation techniques and physical exercise. The reliable assessment and robotic support of the upper limb joints provided by the presented elbow exoskeleton are important clinical goals in early rehabilitation after stroke and other neurological disorders. This allows for not only the support of activities of daily living, but also prevention of the progression neuromuscular pathology through proactive physiotherapy toward functional recovery. The prices of plastics are rising very quickly, as is their consumption, so it makes sense to optimize three dimensional (3D) printing procedures through, for example, improved artificial intelligence-based (AI-based) design or injection simulation, which reduces the use of filament, saves material, reduces waste, and reduces environmental impact. The time and cost savings will not reduce the high quality of the products and can provide a competitive advantage, especially in the case of thinly designed mass products. AI-based optimization allows for one free print after every 6.67 prints (i.e., from materials that were previously wasted).

scholarly journals Process of Manufacturing Transparent Models of Anatomical Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Wojnarowska ◽  
Maciej Nieroda ◽  
Ewelina Gładysz ◽  
Sławomir Miechowicz ◽  
Tomasz Kudasik
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
New Method ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Surgical Treatments

AbstractIn recent years, a rapid increase in the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies in medicine, especially in the manufacturing of the diagnostic models, can be observed. In some cases, there is a need to fabricate transparent models that allow visualization of internal structures of the object. Unfortunately, techniques used to manufacture such models are often very expensive and time-consuming. The above-mentioned issues were the motivation for developing a new method of fabrication transparent models for visualization of internal structures for planning surgical treatments. This paper presents the process of making transparent models using the newly developed method – the stacked layers method. In order to compare this new method and one of the most common 3D printing technologies – fused deposition modeling (FDM) – the models for two medical cases using both of these methods were fabricated. As a result of this work, it can be concluded that the stacked layers method provides faster and cheaper way of making transparent medical models. The main features of fabrication process that have a huge impact on quality of the models made by new method were pointed. The results of this study suggest that models fabricated with the use of this method can be useful as a diagnostic tool in medical applications for planning surgical treatments.

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