scholarly journals Encapsidation of Different Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles by the CCMV CP

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2628
Author(s):  
Ana L. Durán-Meza ◽  
Martha I. Escamilla-Ruiz ◽  
Xochitl F. Segovia-González ◽  
Maria V. Villagrana-Escareño ◽  
J. Roger Vega-Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle

Different types of gold nanoparticles have been synthesized that show great potential in medical applications such as medical imaging, bio-analytical sensing and photothermal cancer therapy. However, their stability, polydispersity and biocompatibility are major issues of concern. For example, the synthesis of gold nanorods, obtained through the elongated micelle process, produce them with a high positive surface charge that is cytotoxic, while gold nanoshells are unstable and break down in a few weeks due to the Ostwald ripening process. In this work, we report the self-assembly of the capsid protein (CP) of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) around spherical gold nanoparticles, gold nanorods and gold nanoshells to form virus-like particles (VLPs). All gold nanoparticles were synthesized or treated to give them a negative surface charge, so they can interact with the positive N-terminus of the CP leading to the formation of the VLPs. To induce the protein self-assembly around the negative gold nanoparticles, we use different pH and ionic strength conditions determined from a CP phase diagram. The encapsidation with the viral CP will provide the nanoparticles better biocompatibility, stability, monodispersity and a new biological substrate on which can be introduced ligands toward specific cells, broadening the possibilities for medical applications.

scholarly journals Encapsidation of Different Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles by the CCMV Capsid Protein

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luisa Duran-Meza ◽  
Martha Itzel Escamilla-Ruiz ◽  
Xochitl Fabiola Segovia-Gonzalez ◽  
Maria Veronica Villagrana-Escareño ◽  
J. Roger Vega-Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle

Different types of gold nanoparticles have been synthesized that great potential in medical applications such as medical imaging, bio-analytical sensing and photothermal therapy. However, their stability, polydispersity and biocompatibility are major issues of concern. For example, the synthesis of gold nanorods, obtained through the elongated micelle process, produce them with a high positive surface charge that is cytotoxic. While gold nanoshells are unstable and within a few weeks they decompose due to Ostwald ripening. In this work, we report the self-assembly of the capsid protein of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) around spherical gold nanoparticles, gold nanorods and gold nanoshells to form virus-like particles (VLPs). All gold nanoparticles were synthesized or treated to give them a negative surface charge, so they can interact with the positive N-terminus of the capsid protein leading to the formation of the VLPs. To induce the protein self-assembly around the negative gold nanoparticles, we use different pH and ionic strength conditions that were determined from the capsid protein phase diagram. The encapsidation with the viral capsid protein confers them better biocompatibility, stability, monodispersity and a new biological substrate on which one can introduce specific ligands towards particular cells, broadening the possibilities of medical application.

scholarly journals Controlling the surface charge of simple viruses

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0255820
Author(s):  
A. L. Duran-Meza ◽  
M. V. Villagrana-Escareño ◽  
J. Ruiz-García ◽  
C. M. Knobler ◽  
W. M. Gelbart
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Lipid Bilayer ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Brome Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle

The vast majority of plant viruses are unenveloped, i.e., they lack a lipid bilayer that is characteristic of most animal viruses. The interactions between plant viruses, and between viruses and surfaces, properties that are essential for understanding their infectivity and to their use as bionanomaterials, are largely controlled by their surface charge, which depends on pH and ionic strength. They may also depend on the charge of their contents, i.e., of their genes or–in the instance of virus-like particles–encapsidated cargo such as nucleic acid molecules, nanoparticles or drugs. In the case of enveloped viruses, the surface charge of the capsid is equally important for controlling its interaction with the lipid bilayer that it acquires and loses upon leaving and entering host cells. We have previously investigated the charge on the unenveloped plant virus Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus (CCMV) by measurements of its electrophoretic mobility. Here we examine the electrophoretic properties of a structurally and genetically closely related bromovirus, Brome Mosaic Virus (BMV), of its capsid protein, and of its empty viral shells, as functions of pH and ionic strength, and compare them with those of CCMV. From measurements of both solution and gel electrophoretic mobilities (EMs) we find that the isoelectric point (pI) of BMV (5.2) is significantly higher than that of CCMV (3.7), that virion EMs are essentially the same as those of the corresponding empty capsids, and that the same is true for the pIs of the virions and of their cleaved protein subunits. We discuss these results in terms of current theories of charged colloidal particles and relate them to biological processes and the role of surface charge in the design of new classes of drug and gene delivery systems.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Mutations and Nanoparticle Templating in the Self-Assembly of Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus Capsids

Nano Letters ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella E. Aniagyei ◽  
Chelsea J. Kennedy ◽  
Barry Stein ◽  
Deborah A. Willits ◽  
Trevor Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
The Self ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle ◽  
Virus Capsids

Effects of Size, Shape, Surface Charge and Functionalization on Cytotoxicity of Gold Nanoparticles

Nano LIFE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 1540003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuheng Li ◽  
Zhen Lei ◽  
Junping Zhang ◽  
Dianjun Liu ◽  
Zhenxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Au Nps

Gold nanoparticles ( Au NPs) are emerging as promising nanomaterials from which we construct diagnostic and therapeutic nanosystems. For understanding the fundamental behaviors of Au NPs with biological systems, interactions of Au NPs and cells should be considered first. In this review, we present a detailed analysis of data on the cytotoxicity of most popular Au NPs including gold nanoclusters ( Au NCs), spherical Au NPs, gold nanoshells ( Au NSs) and gold nanorods ( Au NRs). Relationships correlating the cell models, physicochemical properties (size, shape, chemical functionality and surface charge) of Au NPs and cytotoxicity are discussed on the basis of data analysis. Some general conclusions, current challenges and future prospects/solutions on the issue have been provided.

scholarly journals Self-Assembly and Stabilization of Hybrid Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus Particles under Nearly Physiological Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3518-3525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne B. P. E. Timmermans ◽  
Daan F. M. Vervoort ◽  
Lise Schoonen ◽  
Roeland J. M. Nolte ◽  
Jan C. M. van Hest
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle
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