scholarly journals Optimization of Protective Agents for The Freeze-Drying of Paenibacillus polymyxa Kp10 as a Potential Biofungicide

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2618
Author(s):  
Hayatun Syamila Nasran ◽  
Hidayat Mohd Yusof ◽  
Murni Halim ◽  
Nor’Aini Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Protective Agents ◽  
Chemical Fungicides

Anthracnose is a fungal disease causing major losses in crop production. Chemical fungicides widely used in crop plantations to combat fungal infections can be a threat to the environment and humans in the long term. Recently, biofungicides have gained much interest as an alternative to chemical fungicides due to their environmentally friendly nature. Biofungicide products in powder form can be formulated using the freeze-drying technique to provide convenient storage. Protective agent formulation is needed in maintaining the optimal viable cells of biofungicide products. In this study, 8.10 log colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL was the highest cell viability of Paenibacillus polymyxa Kp10 at 22 h during incubation. The effects of several selected protective agents on the viability of P. polymyxa Kp10 after freeze-drying were studied. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimizing formulation for the protective agents. The combination of lactose (10% w/v), skim milk (20% w/v), and sucrose (27.5% w/v) was found to be suitable for preserving P. polymyxa Kp10 during freeze-drying. Further, P. polymyxa Kp10 demonstrated the ability to inhibit fungal pathogens, Colletotrichum truncatum and C. gloeosporioides, at 60.18% and 66.52% of inhibition of radial growth, respectively.

Effect of NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4, MgSO4, and Ascorbic Acid on Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus during Freeze-Drying

2012 ◽  
Vol 568 ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
He Chen ◽  
Zhen Xing Ma ◽  
Guo Wei Shu ◽  
Tao Qin
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
Protective Agents ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Before And After

Effect of NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4, MgSO4, and Ascorbic acid on survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus was investigated before and after freeze-drying. Editing different concentrations of protective agents respectively during freeze-drying. After completion of the pilot, the survival ratio of Lactobacillus acidophilus and the number of viable cells were being measured. Results were as follows: the highest survival rate and the largest number of viable cells was Na2HPO4as the protective agent.

Effect of K2HPO4, KH2PO4, NaHCO3, and Sodium Ascorbate on Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus during Freeze-Drying

2012 ◽  
Vol 531 ◽  
pp. 284-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Xing Ma ◽  
He Chen ◽  
Guo Wei Shu ◽  
Tao Qin
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Sodium Ascorbate ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
Protective Agents ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Key Factor

In the present study, the experiments were investigated with the effecting of NaHCO3, KH2PO4, K2HPO4 and Sodium ascorbate on survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus during freeze-drying. Designing different concentrations of protective agents, respectively. The survival ratio of Lactobacillus acidophilus and the number of viable cells will be measured after completing drying. In the process, there were major differences between the different concentrations of protective agents in survival during freeze-drying. As the result, the protective agent was playing a key factor affecting the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus. At present in the study of the experiments, the highest survival rate was NaHCO3 as the protective agent, and when the protective agent as K2HPO4 the number of viable cells was largest.

Effects of Persian gum and gum Arabic on the survival of Lactobacillus plantarum PTCC 1896, Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas axonopodis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae during freeze drying

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyas Mohammadi-Gouraji ◽  
Mahmoud Sheikh-Zeinoddin ◽  
Sabihe Soleimanian-Zad
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the protective effects of Persian gum and gum Arabic on the survival of Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum PTCC 1896, Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas axonopodis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae during freeze drying. Design/methodology/approach Cultures were harvested from the early stationary phase and enumerated after dilution according to the Milse Misra method. Bacterial suspensions were mixed with protective agents and frozen at –80°C before drying in a freeze dryer. Survival rates were determined both immediately during freeze drying and after 14 days of cold storage (at 4°C). Findings Compared to gum Arabic 5 and 10 percent (W/V) or skim milk 10 percent (W/V), Persian gum 1 percent (W/V) showed no significantly different effects on the survival of Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum PTCC 1896 (p<0.05). Similarly, no significant differences (p<0.05) were observed between Persian gum 6 percent (W/V), gum Arabic 6 percent (W/V), the combination of Persian gum 3 percent (W/V) and gum Arabic 3 percent (W/V), and skim milk 10 percent (W/V) in terms of their effects on the survival of Escherichia coli. Skim milk 10 percent (W/V) was, however, found to have significant (p<0.05) effects on the survival of Xanthomonas axonopodis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Statistically significant (p<0.05) effects were observed after 14 days of cold storage (4°C) by Persian gum 6 percent (W/V) on the survival of Escherichia coli and by gum Arabic 6 percent (W/V) on the survival of Xanthomonas axonopodis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It was concluded that protective agents could be replaced by Persian gum for its effect on the survival rate of Escherichia coli and by skim milk for its effects on the survival of Xanthomonas axonopodis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Persian gum 6 percent (W/V) seemed to be the best protective agent for Escherichia coli during 14 days of its storage as gum Arabic 6 percent (W/V) seemed to have the same performance for Xanthomonas axonopodis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Persian gum 1 percent (W/V) was also found an alternative protective agent for the freeze drying of Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum PTCC 1896. Originality/value As Iranian Persian gum is cheap due to its wide availability and seems to have effects similar to those of gum Arabic and skim milk at low concentrations, it may be considered a good candidate for industrial applications.

Effect of Sucrose, Lactose, Glucose, Maltose on Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus during Freeze-Drying

2011 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 396-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Chen ◽  
Zhen Xing Ma ◽  
Guo Wei Shu ◽  
Tao Qin ◽  
Ning Gang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
Protective Agents ◽  
Viable Cells

In the present study, the experiments were investigated with effecting of sucrose, lactose, glucose, maltose on survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus during freeze-drying. In order to reach sufficient numbers viable cells, so different concentrations of protective agents were designed in the experiment, which as 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% and 15%, respectively. Measuring the survival ratio of Lactobacillus acidophilus and number of viable cells after completed drying. There were significant differences in survival during freeze-drying. Results showed that the protective agent was a critical factor affecting the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus. In the experiments, the highest survival rate was soluble starch as the protective agent, and when the protective agent as galactose the number of viable cells was largest.

scholarly journals Combinatorial Effects of Protective Agents on Survival Rate of the Yeast Starter, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 88-4, after Freeze-Drying

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Young-Wook Chin ◽  
Saerom Lee ◽  
Hwan Hee Yu ◽  
Seung Jae Yang ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Brewing Yeast ◽  
Protective Agents ◽  
Freeze Dried

A yeast starter is formulated for commercial practices, including storage and distribution. The cell viability of the yeast starter is one of the most important factors for manufacturing alcoholic beverages to ensure their properties during the fermentation and formulation processes. In this study, 64 potential protective agents were evaluated to enhance the survival rate of the brewing yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 88-4 after freeze-drying. In addition, the optimized combination of protective agents was assessed for long-term storage. Finally, response surface methodology was applied to investigate the optimal concentration of each protectant. Twenty of the 64 additives led to an increase in the survival rate of freeze-dried S. cerevisiae 88-4. Among the various combinations of protectants, four had a survival rate >95%. The combination of skim milk, maltose, and maltitol exhibited the best survival rate of 61% after 42 weeks in refrigerated storage, and the composition of protectants optimized by response surface methodology was 6.5–10% skim milk, 1.8–4.5% maltose, and 16.5–18.2% maltitol. These results demonstrated that the combination of multiple protectants could alleviate damage to yeasts during freeze-drying and could be applied to the manufacturing starters for fermented foods.

Effect of Five Materials Including Sucrose, Lactose, Skim Milk, Yeast, Vitamin B2 on Survival of Lactobacillus bulgaricus during Freeze-Drying

2013 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Chen ◽  
Qiu Hong Zhang ◽  
Qian Luo ◽  
Guo Wei Shu
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Impact On Survival

effect of five materials including sucrose, lactose, skim milk, yeast, vitamin B2on survival rate ofLactobacillus bulgaricusduring freeze-drying was studied by measured survival and the number of viable cells. Designed different concentrations of these different protective agents, respectively, freeze-drying perfectly and then counted the survival ratio ofLactobacillus bulgaricusand the number of viable cells. Results were as follows: addition of skim milk and yeast had significant effects while addition of vitamin B2had minimal impact on survival rate ofLactobacillus bulgaricus. The optimum concentration of single protective agent ofLactobacillus bulgaricusduring freeze-drying was that 25% (W/V) sucrose, 20% (W/V) lactose, 25% (W/V) skim milk, 20% (W/V) yeast and 25% (W/V) vitamin B2, respectively, and survival rate was 24.5%, 35.6%, 64.4%, 62.2%, and 16.3%.

scholarly journals Selection of technological regime and cryoprotector for lyophilization of lactobacteria (Lactobacillus spp.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
A.P. Paliy ◽  
S.O. Gujvinska ◽  
M.S. Alrawashdeh
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Technological Regime ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Selection Of

Despite the success achieved in the comprehensive study of probiotic cultures, today there are a number of problems associated with the low viability of lactic acid bacteria during their processing and long-term storage in probiotics. Our work aimed to select the optimal technological regime and cryoprotectant to preserve the viability of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus spp. during their lyophilization. According to the results of the conducted researches, it is established that for freeze-drying of probiotic cultures Lactobacillus spp. in the facility LZ-45.27 (Frigera, Czech Republic) the most optimal is the mode which provides a rise of temperature within 45 hours from minus 70.0±1.0 °C to plus 26.0±1.0 °C with a speed of 2.2±0.1 °C/hour. It is effective to use protective media for lactobacilli, which consist of: skim milk (90%) and sucrose (10%); skim milk (90%) and lactose (10%); skim milk (90%), glucose (2.5%), sucrose (2.5%), lactose (5.0%) (P≤0.05). Freeze-drying of lactic acid bacteria under optimal conditions and the addition of cryoprotectants will avoid the problems associated with a significant reduction in the number of microbial cells. The results of research can be used for long-term storage of cultures of lactobacilli by their lyophilization.

Impact of long-term trials on crop production research and education

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jolánkai ◽  
F. Nyárai ◽  
K. Kassai
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Ecological Models ◽  
Dynamic Databases ◽  
Production Research ◽  
Research And Education

Long-term trials have a twofold role in life sciences, acting as both live laboratories and public collections. Long-term trials are not simply scientific curios or the honoured relics of a museum, but highly valuable live ecological models that can never be replaced or restarted if once terminated or suspended. These trials provide valuable and dynamic databases for solving scientific problems. The present paper is intended to give a brief summary of the crop production aspects of long-term trials.

Influence of NPK fertilization on weed flora in maize field

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Lehoczky ◽  
M. Kamuti ◽  
N. Mazsu ◽  
J. Tamás ◽  
D. Sáringer-Kenyeres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Plant nutrition is one of the most important intensification factors of crop production. The utilization of nutrients, however, may be modified by a number of production factors, including weed presence. Thus, the knowledge of occurring weed species, their abundance, nutrient and water uptake is extremely important to establish an appropriate basis for the evaluation of their risks or negative effects on crops. That is why investigations were carried out in a long-term fertilization experiment on the influence of different nutrient supplies (Ø, PK, NK, NPK) on weed flora in maize field.The weed surveys recorded similar diversity on the experimental area: the species of A. artemisiifolia, S. halepense and D. stramonium were dominant, but C. album and C. hybridum were also common. These species and H. annuus were the most abundant weeds.Based on the totalized and average data of all treatments, density followed the same tendency in the experimental years. It was the highest in the PK treated and untreated plots, and significantly exceeded the values of NK fertilized areas. Presumably the better N availability promoted the development of nitrophilic weeds, while the mortality of other small species increased.Winter wheat and maize forecrops had no visible influence on the diversity and the intensity of weediness. On the contrary, there were consistent differences in the density of certain weed species in accordance to the applied nutrients. A. artemisiifolia was present in the largest number in the untreated control and PK fertilized plots. The density of S. halepense and H. annuus was also significantly higher in the control areas. The number of their individuals was smaller in those plots where N containing fertilizers were used. Contrary to them, the density of D. stramonium, C. album and C. hybridum was the highest in the NPK treatments.

scholarly journals Post-Processing Techniques for the Improvement of Liposome Stability

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1023
Author(s):  
Ji Young Yu ◽  
Piyanan Chuesiang ◽  
Gye Hwa Shin ◽  
Hyun Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Additional Process ◽  
Spray Freeze Drying ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Aggregation ◽  
Liposome Stability

Liposomes have been utilized as a drug delivery system to increase the bioavailability of drugs and to control the rate of drug release at the target site of action. However, the occurrence of self-aggregation, coalescence, flocculation and the precipitation of aqueous liposomes during formulation or storage can cause degradation of the vesicle structure, leading to the decomposition of liposomes. To increase the stability of liposomes, post-processing techniques have been applied as an additional process to liposomes after formulation to remove water and generate dry liposome particles with a higher stability and greater accessibility for drug administration in comparison with aqueous liposomes. This review covers the effect of these techniques including freeze drying, spray drying and spray freeze drying on the stability, physicochemical properties and drug encapsulation efficiency of dry liposomes. The parameters affecting the properties of liposomes during the drying process are also highlighted in this review. In addition, the impact of using a protective agent to overcome such limitations of each process is thoroughly discussed through various studies.

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