scholarly journals Korean Red Ginseng Plays an Anti-Aging Role by Modulating Expression of Aging-Related Genes and Immune Cell Subsets

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Kuk Shin ◽  
Young-Su Yi ◽  
Jin Kyeong Kim ◽  
Haeyeop Kim ◽  
Mohammad Amjad Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Thymic Involution ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Immune Cell Subsets ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Old Mice

Despite previous reports of anti-aging effects of Korean red ginseng (KRG), the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated possible mechanisms of KRG-mediated anti-aging effects in aged mice. KRG significantly inhibited thymic involution in old mice. Interestingly, KRG only increased protein expression, but not mRNA expression, of aging-related genes Lin28a, GDF-11, Sirt1, IL-2, and IL-17 in the thymocytes of old mice. KRG also modulated the population of some types of immune cells in old mice. KRG increased the population of regulatory T cells and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-expressing natural killer (NK) cells in the spleen of old mice, but serum levels of regulatory T cell-specific cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β were unaffected. Finally, KRG recovered mRNA expression of Lin28a, GDF-11, and Sirt1 artificially decreased by concanavalin A (Con A) in both thymocytes and splenocytes of old mice without cytotoxicity. These results suggest that KRG exerts anti-aging effects by preventing thymic involution, as well as modulating the expression of aging-related genes and immune cell subsets.

Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) ameliorates type 1 diabetes and restores immune cell compartments

2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Joo Hong ◽  
Nayoung Kim ◽  
Karim Lee ◽  
Chung Hee Sonn ◽  
Jung Eun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Cell Compartments

Antiallodynic Effect of Intrathecal Korean Red Ginseng in Cisplatin-Induced Neuropathic Pain Rats

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeo Ok Kim ◽  
Ji A Song ◽  
Woong Mo Kim ◽  
Myung Ha Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Antiallodynic Effect

Background: Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) is a serious side effect of chemotherapy. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a popular herbal medicine in Asian countries. We examined the therapeutic potential of intrathecally administered KRG for CINP and clarified the mechanisms of action with regard to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)7 receptor at the spinal level. Methods: CINP was evoked by intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin in male Sprague-Dawley rats. After examining the effects of intrathecally administered KRG on CINP, 5-HT receptor antagonist (dihydroergocristine [DHE]) was pretreated to determine the involvement of 5-HT receptor. In addition, intrathecal 5-HT7 receptor antagonist (SB269970) was administered to define the role of 5-HT7 receptor on the effect of KRG. 5-HT7 receptor mRNA expression levels and 5-HT concentrations were examined in the spinal cord. Results: Intrathecally administered KRG produced a limited, but a dose-dependent, antiallodynic effect. Intrathecally administered DHE antagonized the antiallodynia caused by KRG. Furthermore, intrathecal SB269970 also reversed the effect of KRG. No changes in 5-HT7 receptor mRNA expression were seen in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord after cisplatin injection. After injecting cisplatin, 5-HT levels were decreased in the spinal cord, whereas those of 5-HT were increased by intrathecal KRG. Conclusions: Intrathecally administered KRG decreased CINP. In addition, spinal 5-HT7 receptors contributed to the antiallodynic effect of KRG.

scholarly journals Optimization of tamoxifen-induced Cre activity and its effect on immune cell populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S. Donocoff ◽  
Nato Teteloshvili ◽  
Hyunsoo Chung ◽  
Rivka Shoulson ◽  
Remi J. Creusot
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Fluorescent Reporter ◽  
Immune Cell Subsets ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Tamoxifen (TAM) inducible Cre recombinase system is an essential tool to study gene function when early ablation or overexpression can cause developmental defects or embryonic lethality. However, there remains a lack of consensus on the optimal route and dosage of TAM administration in vivo. Here, we assessed dosage and delivery of TAM for activation of Cre in immune cell subsets assessed longitudinally and spatially using transgenic mice with ubiquitously expressed Cre/ER and the Cre-inducible fluorescent reporter YFP. After comparing two TAM delivery methods (intraperitoneal versus oral gavage) and different doses, we found that 3 mg of TAM administered orally for five consecutive days provides maximal reporter induction with minimal adverse effects in vivo. Serum levels of TAM peaked 1 week after initiating treatment then slowly decreased, regardless of dosing and delivery methods. TAM concentration in specific tissues (liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus) was also dependent on delivery method and dose. Cre induction was highest in myeloid cells and B cells and substantially lower in T cells, and double-positive thymocytes had a notably higher response to TAM. In addition to establishing optimal dose and administration of TAM, our study reveals a disparate activity of Cre in different cell immune populations when using Cre/ER models.

scholarly journals Anti-aging effects of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) in differentiated embryo chondrocyte (DEC) knockout mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Youn Hee Nam ◽  
Seo Yule Jeong ◽  
Yun Hee Kim ◽  
Isabel Rodriguez ◽  
Wanlapa Nuankaew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng

scholarly journals 43 Enhanced immune cell activity by korean red ginseng in porcine

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Adithan ◽  
A Paulrayer ◽  
HS Jeong ◽  
JH Kim
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng

scholarly journals Antiatherosclerotic Effect of Korean Red Ginseng Extract Involves Regulator of G-Protein Signaling 5

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Ju Im ◽  
Taddesse Yayeh ◽  
Sang-Joon Park ◽  
Seung-Hyung Kim ◽  
Youn-Kyoung Goo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
G Protein Signaling ◽  
Protein Signaling ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Antiatherosclerotic Effect ◽  
Cox 2

Regulator of G-protein signaling 5 (RGS5), an inhibitor of Gα(q) and Gα(i) activation, has been reported to have antiatherosclerosis. Previous studies showed antiatherosclerotic effect of Korean red ginseng water extract (KRGE) via multiple signaling pathways. However, potential protective effect of KRGE through RGS5 expression has not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the antiatherosclerotic effect of KRGEin vivoandin vitroand its role on RGS5 mRNA expression. Elevated levels of total cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and triglyceride (TG) in western diet groups of low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient LDLr−/−mice were reversed by oral administration of KRGE. KRGE suppressed transcriptional activity of tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and leptin in adipose tissue. It also potently repressed western diet-induced atheroma formation in aortic sinus. While KRGE showed reduced mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-αin LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, it enhanced mRNA expression of RGS5. Moreover, RGS5 siRNA transfection of microglia cells pretreated with KRGE reversed its inhibitory effect on the expression of iNOS, COX-2, and IL-1βmRNA. In conclusion, KRGE showed antiatherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory effects in western diet fed LDLr−/−mice and this effect could partly be mediated by RGS5 expression.

scholarly journals Effect of Korean Red Ginseng on Plasma Ceramide Levels in Postmenopausal Women with Hypercholesterolemia: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Yu-Jin Kwon ◽  
Gyung-Min Lee ◽  
Kwang-Hyeon Liu ◽  
Dong-Hyuk Jung
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Study Completion ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Experimental Group

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a crucial cause of death in postmenopausal women. Plasma ceramide concentrations are correlated with the development of atherosclerosis and are significant predictors of CVD. Here, we conducted a 4-week, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical pilot study to investigate the effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on serum ceramide concentrations in 68 postmenopausal women with hypercholesterolemia. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (n = 36) received KRG and the control (n = 32) group received placebo, 2 g each, once daily. Serum ceramides were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry at baseline and study completion, with changes in serum ceramide levels as the primary end point. We detected significantly greater mean changes in C16 ceramide levels (d18:1/16:0: −6.4 ± 6.3 pmol/mL vs. 14.6 ± 6.8 pmol/mL, respectively, p = 0.040; d18:1/22:0: −20.8 ± 24.4 pmol/mL vs. 71.1 ± 26.2 pmol/mL, respectively, p = 0.020). Additionally, changes in the median C16 (d18:1/16:0) and C22 (d18:1/22:0) ceramide levels were significantly greater in KRG-group subjects with metabolic syndrome than those without. Therefore, we found that KRG decreases the serum levels of several ceramides in postmenopausal women with hypercholesterolemia, suggesting it may be beneficial for preventing CVD in these individuals.

scholarly journals Effects of pre-transport diet, transport duration and transport condition on immune cell subsets, haptoglobin, cortisol and bilirubin in young veal calves

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246959
Author(s):  
Francesca Marcato ◽  
Henry van den Brand ◽  
Christine A. Jansen ◽  
Victor P. M. G. Rutten ◽  
Bas Kemp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cd8 Cells ◽  
Veal Calves ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Immune Cell Subsets ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Transport Condition ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of pre-transport diets, transport durations and transport conditions on immune cell subsets, haptoglobin, cortisol and bilirubin of young calves upon arrival at the veal farm. An experiment was conducted with a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 3 factors: 1) provision of rearing milk or electrolytes at the collection center (CC); 2) transport duration (6 or 18 hours) and 3) transport condition (open truck or conditioned truck). Holstein-Friesian and cross-bred calves were used (N = 368; 18 ± 4 days; 45.3 ± 3.3 kg). Blood samples were collected from calves (N = 128) at the collection center, immediately post-transport (T0) and 4, 24, 48 hours, week 1, 3 and 5 post-transport. Blood was analyzed for cortisol, bilirubin, haptoglobin, IgG and IgM. Moreover, cell counts of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils and eosinophils were measured in blood samples taken at the collection center and T0. In these same blood samples, different lymphocyte populations were characterized by flow cytometry, including CD14+ cells, NK cells, δγ+ T cells, CD8+ cells, CD4+ cells and CD21+ cells. Calves transported in the conditioned truck had higher amounts of white blood cell count (WBC) (Δ = 1.39 × 109/l; P = 0.01), monocytes (Δ = 0.21 × 109/l; P = 0.04), neutrophils (Δ = 0.93 × 109/l; P = 0.003), than calves transported in the open truck regardless, of pre-transport diet or transport duration. The study showed that transport condition and duration influenced parts of the innate immune system of young veal calves. Cortisol, bilirubin and WBC seemed to be connected by similar underlying mechanisms in relation to transport conditions. However, it is unclear which specific pathways in the immune system of young calves are affected by different transport conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, draught).

154. EFFECT OF KOREAN RED GINSENG EXTRACT IN STEROID-INDUCED POLYCYSTIC OVARY MURINE MODEL

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
S. Pak ◽  
S. Kim ◽  
C. Bae ◽  
S. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Ginseng Extract ◽  
Long Acting

Experimental induction of polycystic ovary (PCO) resembling some aspects of human PCO syndrome was produced using the long-acting compound estradiol valerate (EV). Our previous study on the role of Korean red ginseng total saponins in a steroid-induced PCO rat model demonstrated that electro-acupuncture modulates nerve growth factor (NGF) concentration in the ovaries. In fact, the involvement of a neurogenic component in the pathology of PCO-related ovarian dysfunction is preceded by an increase in sympathetic outflow to the ovaries. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Korean red ginseng extract (KRGE) administration modulates sympathetic nerve activity in rats with PCO. This was done by analysing NGF protein and NGF mRNA expression involved in the pathophysiological process underlying steroid-induced PCO. EV injection resulted in significantly higher ovarian NGF protein and NGF mRNA expression in PCO rats compared to control rats, and PCO ovaries were counteracted by KRGE administration with significantly lower expression of NGF protein and NGF mRNA compared to EV treated ovaries. These results indicate that EV modulates the neurotrophic state of the ovaries, which may be a component of the pathological process by which EV induces cyst formation and anovulation in rodents.

ProBNP serum levels and mRNA expression decrease after VAD implantation

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Heilmann ◽  
U. Geisen ◽  
S. Weiss ◽  
G. Trummer ◽  
M. Berchtold-Herz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Serum Levels
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