scholarly journals Comparison of Different Categories of Slovak Tokaj Wines in Terms of Profiles of Volatile Organic Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Furdíková ◽  
Andrea Machyňáková ◽  
Tereza Drtilová ◽  
Ivan Špánik
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Wine Region

The present work deals with the characterization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in wines from the Slovak Tokaj wine region. Studied wine samples were divided into three groups—varietal wines from registered Tokaj vine varieties, film wines Tokajské samorodné dry, and naturally sweet botrytized wines Tokaj selections. The VOCs from wines were extracted using optimized solid phase microextraction (SPME) and analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) coupled to high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HRTOF-MS). In total, 176 VOCs were identified in all 46 studied samples. It was found that the total number of VOCs in varietal wines was generally higher than in botrytized wines. All three studied categories showed characteristic VOC profiles with significant differences. Varietal wines were characterized by higher concentrations of esters and terpenoids originating from grapes. The presence of γ-octalactone, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-one, and lack of benzaldehyde were typical for Tokajské samorodné dry. Tokaj selections expressed the highest concentration of diethyl malate, benzaldehyde, and furfurals. Several interesting trends were also observed. The concentration of fermentation products was highest in varietal wines, while long-term matured Tokaj special wines were typified by the presence of compounds related to noble-rotten raisins (2-phenylacetaldehyde, ethyl 2-phenylacetate, and 2-phenylethanol), wood (cis-whisky lactone), and aging (1,1,6-trimethyl-2H-naphthalene, furfural, and 5-methylfurfural).

scholarly journals Method for characterization of volatile organic compounds in the diet of Centris analis (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini) immatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e5069108880
Author(s):  
Paulo Herbesson Pereira de Sousa ◽  
Cláudia Inês da Silva ◽  
Breno Magalhães Freitas ◽  
Tigressa Helena Rodrigues Soares ◽  
Isac Gabriel Abrahao Bomfim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Organic

This study tested three types of Solid-Phase Microextraction fibers in developing a method to extract volatile organic compounds present in the diet of immature Centris analis. Samples were placed in glass vials with metal lids and added with 3g NaCl and 8 ml deionized water. Extraction and characterization were carried out using a Headspace – Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) with Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry, and the three types of fibers were polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), divinylbenzene/ carboxen/ polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) and carboxen/ polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS). Each type of fiber was exposed to volatiles for 30 min and analyzed in a chromatograph Agilent GC-MS equipped with a quadrupole detector (MSD 5977A), containing a HP-5MS (30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 µm) column and Helium as the carrier gas (1 ml.min-1). The CAR / PDMS fiber favored the extraction of volatile compounds to semi-volatile compounds, followed by DVB / CAR / PDMS, while PDMS presented a lower number of extracted compounds, which can be attributed to its apolar nature. The volatile compounds identified in the diet included alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, and terpenes. The SPME technique has proven effective in the extraction of volatile organic compounds from immature of Centris analis diet, being the CAR/PDMS the most suitable fiber for this.

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