scholarly journals Distribution Patterns for Bioactive Constituents in Pericarp, Stalk and Seed of Forsythiae Fructus

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifang Wei ◽  
Yuqi Mei ◽  
Lisi Zou ◽  
Jiali Chen ◽  
Mengxia Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Phenylethanoid Glycosides ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles ◽  
One Way Anova

Forsythiae Fructus (FF) is a widely used folk medicine in China, Japan, and Korea. The distribution of bioactive constituents throughout the fruit segments has rarely been addressed, although mounting evidence suggests that plant secondary metabolites are synthesized and distributed regularly. The phytochemical profiles of three segments of FF (pericarp, stalk and seed) were firstly revealed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based quantitative analysis of twenty-one bioactive constituents, including three phenylethanoid glycosides, five lignans, eight flavonoids, and five phenolic acids to explore the spatial distribution of bioactive constituents. Furthermore, the hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) were conducted to visualize and verify the distribution regularity of twenty-one analytes among three segments. The results showed that phytochemical profiles of the three segments were similar, i.e., phenylethanoid glycosides covering the most part were the predominant compounds, followed by lignans, flavonoids and phenolic acids. Nevertheless, the abundance of twenty-one bioactive constituents among three segments was different. Specifically, phenylethanoid glycosides were highly expressed in the seed; lignans were primarily enriched in the stalk; flavonoids were largely concentrated in the pericarp, while the contents of phenolic acids showed no much difference among various segments. The research improves our understanding of distribution patterns for bioactive constituents in FF, and also complements some scientific data for further exploring the quality formation mechanism of FF.

scholarly journals Comparison of Multiple Bioactive Constituents in the Corolla and Other Parts of Abelmoschus manihot

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1864
Author(s):  
Shengxin Yin ◽  
Yuqi Mei ◽  
Lifang Wei ◽  
Lisi Zou ◽  
Zhichen Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Trap ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Fast Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Different Parts

Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medic (AM), called Huangshukui in Chinese, is a widely used medicinal plant. Each part of AM has medicinal value, including Abelmoschi Radix (AR), Abelmoschi Herba (AH), Abelmoschi Folium (AF), Abelmoschi Corolla (AC), and Abelmoschi Semen (AS). However, only AC is documented in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. In order to investigate whether there is any difference between AC and the other parts of AM, an analytical method based on ultra-fast performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS) was established for the simultaneous determination of 35 constituents in different parts of AM. Moreover, principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied to classify and evaluate the different parts of AM based on the content of the 35 constituents. The total contents of the 35 constituents in AC were significantly higher than in the other parts of AM and the results revealed significant differences between AC and the other parts of AM. Eight constituents were remarkably related to the sample classifications. This research does not just provide the basic information for revealing the distribution patterns in different parts of AM from the same origin, but also complements some of the scientific data for the comprehensive quality evaluation of AC.

scholarly journals Variations in morphology, physiology, and multiple bioactive constituents of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos under salt stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichen Cai ◽  
Xunhong Liu ◽  
Huan Chen ◽  
Rong Yang ◽  
Jiajia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Gray Relational Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Quality Formation

AbstractLonicerae Japonicae Flos (LJF) is an important traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various ailments and plays a vital role in improving global human health. However, as unable to escape from adversity, the quality of sessile organisms is dramatically affected by salt stress. To systematically explore the quality formation of LJF in morphology, physiology, and bioactive constituents' response to multiple levels of salt stress, UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS and multivariate statistical analysis were performed. Lonicera japonica Thunb. was planted in pots and placed in the field, then harvested after 35 days under salt stress. Indexes of growth, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes were identified to evaluate the salt tolerance in LJF under different salt stresses (0, 100, 200, and 300 mM NaCl). Then, the total accumulation and dynamic variation of 47 bioactive constituents were quantitated. Finally, Partial least squares discrimination analysis and gray relational analysis were performed to systematically cluster, distinguish, and evaluate the samples, respectively. The results showed that 100 mM NaCl induced growth, photosynthetic, antioxidant activities, osmolytes, lipid peroxidation, and multiple bioactive constituents in LJF, which possessed the best quality. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between the accumulation of phenolic acids with antioxidant enzyme activity under salt stress, further confirming that phenolic acids could reduce oxidative damage. This study provides insight into the quality formation and valuable information to improve the LJF medicinal value under salt stress.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation in the Content of Condensed Tannins in Leaves of Xylopia emarginata Mart. (Annonaceae) in Response to Phenology and Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Patrícia Conceição Medeiros ◽  
Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes ◽  
Juliana Pimenta Cruz ◽  
Dayse Marcielle de Souza ◽  
Marly Antonielle Ávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
One Year

Variations in the concentrations of plant secondary metabolites can occur due to the phenological stages of the plants, combined with environmental variations. Plants rich in tannins are used in folk medicine for different purposes. Xylopia emarginata Mart. (Anonaceae)-“Pindaíba” has been used to treat skin edema, bronchitis and malaria. We evaluated variations in condensed tannin (CTs) contents in relation to phenological variables in leaves of Xylopia emarginata during one year. The study took place in a Vereda in northern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Monthly phenological observations as well as quantifications of the contents of condensed leaf tannins in ethanol and aqueous extracts were performed. The production of X. emarginata leaves occurred throughout the study, with greater budding and leaf fall in the dry season. Phenological observations were correlated with CT levels and climatic data of precipitation and temperature. There was a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between fruiting and CT levels in the extracts, which were higher during the dry season, 13.2% in the ethanol extract and 7.8% in the aqueous extract.

Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Potential of Cinnamon

2022 ◽  
pp. 698-710
Author(s):  
Neha Mishra ◽  
Rashmi Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Common Species ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Rheumatic Arthritis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
The Himalaya

Cinnamon has been used as a spice, condiment, and aromatic plant since centuries ago. Cinnamon is a small evergreen tree belonging to the genus Cinnamomum in the family Lauraceae. There are more than 250 species of cinnamon worldwide. In India, Cinnamomum verum and Cinnamomum cassia are the most common species grown in the Himalaya region. They have been used as folk medicine for the treatment of nausea, flatulent dyspepsia, coughs, diarrhea, malaria, gastric disorder, and to alleviate pain and inflammation in rheumatic arthritis. Therapeutic properties of cinnamon are due to the presence of bioactive constituents such as p-coumaric, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and eugenol. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol are the major active constituents responsible for its characteristic flavor, aroma, and therapeutic properties. Pharmacological studies found that it could be a promising candidate with potential for designing new drugs. This review is aimed to summarize the ethanomedicinal importance, phytochemistry, and wide spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic applications of cinnamon.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Quantification of Four Phenylethanoid Glycosides in Rat Plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study of Acanthus Ilicifolius Herb

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengqi Zhang ◽  
Xia Ren ◽  
Shijun Yue ◽  
Qing Zhao ◽  
Changlun Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Phenylethanoid Glycosides ◽  
Acanthus Ilicifolius

Acanthus ilicifolius herb (AIH), the dry plant of Acanthus ilicifolius L., has long been used as a folk medicine for treating acute and chronic hepatitis. Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are one family of the main components in AIH with hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of AIH was investigated preliminarily by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). A simultaneously quantitative determination method for four PhGs (acteoside, isoacteoside, martynoside, and crenatoside) in rat plasma was first established by UPLC-MS/MS. These four PhGs were separated with an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) by gradient elution (mobile phase: MeCN and 0.1% formic acid in water, 0.4 mL/min). The mass spectrometry detection was performed using negative electrospray ionization (ESI−) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. By the established method, the preliminary pharmacokinetics of AIH was elucidated using the kinetic parameters of the four PhGs in rat plasma after intragastric administration of AIH ethanol extract. All four PhGs showed double peaks on concentration-time curves, approximately at 0.5 h and 6 h, respectively. Their elimination half-lives (t1/2) were different, ranging from 3.42 h to 8.99 h, although they shared similar molecular structures. This work may provide a basis for the elucidation of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of bioactive components from AIH.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS Method for Quantification of Oleandrin and Other Cardiac Glycosides and Evaluation of Their Levels in Herbs and Spices from the Belgian Market

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Malysheva ◽  
Patrick P. J. Mulder ◽  
Julien Masquelier
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Culinary Herbs ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Development And Validation

Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are naturally occurring plant secondary metabolites that can be toxic to humans and animals. The aim of this work was to develop a targeted analytical method utilizing liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for quantification of these plant toxins in a herbal-based food and human urine. The method included oleandrin, digoxin, digitoxin, convallatoxin, and ouabain. Samples of culinary herbs were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned using Oasis® MAX solid-phase extraction (SPE), while samples of urine were diluted with acidified water and purified on Oasis® HLB SPE cartridges. Limits of quantification were in the range of 1.5–15 ng/g for herbs and 0.025–1 ng/mL for urine. The mean recovery of the method complied with the acceptable range of 70–120% for most CGs, and relative standard deviations were at maximum 14% and 19% for repeatability and reproducibility, respectively. Method linearity was good with calculated R² values above 0.997. The expanded measurement uncertainty was estimated to be in the range of 7–37%. The LC-MS/MS method was used to examine 65 samples of culinary herbs and herb and spice mixtures collected in Belgium, from supermarkets and local stores. The samples were found to be free from the analyzed CGs.

scholarly journals Phytochemistry and Comprehensive Chemical Profiling Study of Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids in the Aerial Parts of Allium Mongolicum Regel and Their Intestinal Motility Evaluation

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhe Dong ◽  
Jingya Ruan ◽  
Zhijuan Ding ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Mimi Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Phenolic Acid ◽  
Charge Ratio ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Fragmentation Pattern ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Exact Mass ◽  
Fast Analysis ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Aerial Parts

To clarify whether flavonoids and phenols in Allium mongolicum Regel have the effect of improving gastrointestinal function and analyze its quality, this study was designed to isolate and identify them from the aerial parts of A. mongolicum by using various chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods, a bioassay on motility of mouse isolated intestine tissue, as well as qualitative analysis using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. As a result, 31 flavonoids and phenolic acids were obtained and identified, including six new flavonoid glycosides, mongoflavonosides A1 (1), A2 (2), A3 (3), A4 (4), B1 (5), B2 (6), and four new phenolic acid glycosides, mongophenosides A1 (7), A2 (8), A3 (9), B (10). Among them, eleven flavonoids and three phenolic acids showed significant increase in the height of mouse small intestinal muscle. It was a first systematic bioactive constituents’ study for A. mongolicum on gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, according to the retention time (tR) and the exact mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), thirty-one compounds were unambiguously identified by comparing to the standard references by using LC-MS. Then, on the basis of generalized rules of MS/MS fragmentation pattern, chromatographic behaviors, as well as biosynthetic laws of the 31 isolates, five flavonoid glycosides and one phenolic acid glycoside were tentatively speculated. On the basis of the study, a fast analysis method for flavonoids and phenolic acids in A. mongolicum was established.

scholarly journals A “Green” Homogenate Extraction Coupled with UHPLC-MS for the Rapid Determination of Diterpenoids in Croton Crassifolius

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 694
Author(s):  
Jin-Long Tian ◽  
Chi Shu ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Hui-Jun Cui ◽  
Xu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Homogenate Extraction ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Clerodane Diterpenoids

Clerodane diterpenoids are the main bioactive constituents of Croton crassifolius and are proved to have multiple biological activities. However, quality control (QC) research on the constituents are rare. Thus, the major research purpose of the current study was to establish an efficient homogenate extraction (HGE) process combined with a sensitive and specific ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS) technique together for the rapid extraction and determination of clerodane diterpenoids in C. crassifolius. All calibration curves showed good linearity (r > 0.9943) within the test ranges and the intra- and inter-day precisions and repeatability were all within required limits. This modified HGE–UHPLC–MS method only took 5 min to extract nine clerodane diterpenoids in C. crassifolius and another 12 min to quantify these components. The results indicated that the quantitative analysis based on UHPLC–MS was a feasible method for QC of clerodane diterpenoids in C. crassifolius, and the findings outlined in the current study also inferred the potential of the method in the QC of clerodane diterpenoids in other complex species of plants.

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