scholarly journals The Ancient Neapolitan Sweet Lime and the Calabrian Lemoncetta Locrese Belong to the Same Citrus Species

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Cautela ◽  
Maria Luisa Balestrieri ◽  
Sara Savini ◽  
Anna Sannino ◽  
Giovanna Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fingerprint ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Pcr Markers ◽  
Chiral Compounds ◽  
Sweet Lime ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
First Time

“Neapolitan limmo” is an ancient and rare sweet Mediterranean lime, now almost extinct but used until a few decades ago for the production of a fragrant liqueur called the “four citrus fruits”. The objective of this work was to compare, through the use of chemical (flavonoids, volatile organic compounds, and chiral compounds) and molecular (DNA fingerprint based on RAPD-PCR) markers, the residual population of Neapolitan limmo with other populations of sweet limes, identified in Calabria and known as “lemoncetta Locrese”. We report for the first time specific botanical characteristics of the two fruits and unequivocally show that the ancient sweet Mediterranean limes Neapolitan limmo and lemoncetta Locrese are synonyms of the same Citrus species. Owing to the biodiversity conserved in their places of origin, it will now be possible to recover, enhance and implement the use of this ancient sweet lime for agro-industrial purposes.

scholarly journals Quality Parameters, Volatile Composition, and Sensory Profiles of Highly Endangered Spanish Citrus Fruits

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cano-Lamadrid ◽  
Leontina Lipan ◽  
Francisca Hernández ◽  
Juan José Martínez ◽  
Pilar Legua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Volatile Composition ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Sweet Lime ◽  
Volatiles Compounds ◽  
Sensory Profiles

There is very little information available on the chemical composition and the quality attributes of the citrus species studied which are truly endangered in Spain. None of the fruits studied is available for commercial purposes, which is the main interest and novelty of this study. The aim of this work was to fully describe the morphology, volatile composition, and sensory profile of traditional citrus fruits: sour lime (SoLi), sweet lime (SwLi), and sweet lemon (SwLe), to have the information to convince farmers and growers to cultivate these fruits again. The predominant sugar was fructose while citric acid prevails in SoLi and SwLe. Regarding volatiles compounds, monoterpenes, monoterpenoids, and esters predominated in the juices, and these three families plus sesquiterpenes in the peels. The juice of SoLi presented the highest content of esters (14.8%), SwLi juice presented similar values of both monoterpenes and monoterpenoids (46.1 and 46.0%, resp.), and SwLe juice had the highest content of monoterpenes (72.2%). The results demonstrated the high potential of these citrus materials for the agrofood industry. Therefore, it will be possible to recover these vegetal materials at risk of disappearing for potential uses by the food industry and simultaneously help maintaining the biodiversity.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effect of Serphidium kaschgaricum (Krasch.) Poljak. Volatiles on Selected Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Shixing Zhou ◽  
Toshmatov Zokir ◽  
Yu Mei ◽  
Lijing Lei ◽  
Kai Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Stem Leaf

The chemical profile and allelopathic effect of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by a dominant shrub Serphidium kaschgaricum (Krasch.) Poljak. growing in northwestern China was investigated for the first time. Serphidium kaschgaricu was found to release volatile compounds into the surroundings to affect other plants’ growth, with its VOCs suppressing root elongation of Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Poa annua L. by 65.47% and 60.37% at 10 g/1.5 L treatment, respectively. Meanwhile, volatile oils produced by stems, leaves, flowers and flowering shoots exhibited phytotoxic activity against A. retroflexus and P. annua. At 0.5 mg/mL, stem, leaf and flower oils significantly reduced seedling growth of the receiver plants, and 1.5 mg/mL oils nearly completely prohibited seed germination of both species. GC/MS analysis revealed that among the total 37 identified compounds in the oils, 19 of them were common, with eucalyptol (43.00%, 36.66%, 19.52%, and 38.68% in stem, leaf, flower and flowering shoot oils, respectively) and camphor (21.55%, 24.91%, 21.64%, and 23.35%, respectively) consistently being the dominant constituents in all oils. Eucalyptol, camphor and their mixture exhibited much weaker phytotoxicity compared with the volatile oils, implying that less abundant compounds in the volatile oil might contribute significantly to the oils’ activity. Our results suggested that S. kaschgaricum was capable of synthesizing and releasing allelopathic volatile compounds into the surroundings to affect neighboring plants’ growth, which might improve its competitiveness thus facilitate the establishment of dominance.

scholarly journals Fast and Reliable Multiresidue Analysis of Aromas in Wine by Means of Gas Chromatography Coupled with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

Analytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Ettore Guerriero ◽  
Massimo Iorizzo ◽  
Marina Cerasa ◽  
Ivan Notardonato ◽  
Bruno Testa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Headspace Analysis ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Quadrupole Mass ◽  
Multiresidue Analysis ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Steel Tank ◽  
First Time

The paper would like to show a direct injection into GC-MS/QqQ for the determination of secondary aromas in white wine samples fermented in two different ways. The procedure has been compared with more traditional methods used in this field, i.e., headspace analysis and liquid–liquid extraction. The application of such direct injection, for the first time in the literature, allows us to analyze Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the range 0.1–100 µg mL−1, with Limits of Detection (LODs) and Limits of Quantification (LOQs) between 0.01–0.05 µg mL−1 and 0.03–0.09 µg mL−1, respectively, intraday and interday below 5.6% and 8.5%, respectively, and recoveries above 92% at two different fortification levels. The procedure has been applied to real wine samples: it evidences how the fermentation in wood (cherry) barrel yields higher VOC levels than ones in wine fermented in steel tank, causing production of different secondary aromas and different relative flavors.

scholarly journals Impact of VOCs on the formation of ozone in a central China city during severe pollution periods

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowei Li ◽  
Steven Sai Hang Ho ◽  
Sunling Gong ◽  
Jingwei Ni ◽  
Huairui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Central China ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Pmf Model ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ozone Formation Potential ◽  
Range Transport ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
First Time

Abstract. In this work, a five-month sampling campaign was conducted for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for the first time in Zhengzhou City, Henan province, China, where ozone (O3) pollution has shown an increasing trend in recent years. Fifty-seven VOCs defined by the Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS) were sampled using canister method. Meanwhile, other O3 precursor gases were monitored online at four different sites between the time period of May–September, 2017. The results indicated that the average mixing ratio of ΣPAMS (31.57 ± 23.35 ppbv) in Zhengzhou was lower than the other megacities in China, while alkyne was in a significantly higher proportion. The abundances, compositions and ratios of PAMS showed strong spatial and temporal variations. Alkenes were the largest contributors to the ozone formation potential (OFP). On clear days, higher O3 levels were often accompanied with high ΣPAMS/NOx ratio at each site, demonstrating that the VOCs were more sensitive during the O3 formation period in Zhengzhou. Furthermore, source apportionmemt was conducted with Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model, and it was found that the use of compressed natural gas (CNG), the evaporation of gasoline and the exhaust from vehicles were the important sources for ambient VOCs at all four sites. Besides, the meterological conditions and long-range transport from other surrounding provinces also had an impact on the air quality determined using the cluster analysis. It is worth mentioning that the reduction in VOCs' emissions is necessary to suppress the O3 pollution.

scholarly journals Measurement report: Biogenic VOC emissions profiles of Rapeseed leaf litter and their SOA formation potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Abis ◽  
Carmen Kalalian ◽  
Bastien Lunardelli ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Liwu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Organic Aerosols ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
Uv Light Irradiation ◽  
Biogenic Voc ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
First Time

Abstract. We analysed the biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) emissions from rapeseed leaves litter and their potential to create secondary organic aerosols (SOA) under three different conditions i.e., (i) in presence of UV light irradiation; (ii) in presence of ozone, and (iii) with both ozone and UV light. These experiments have been performed in a controlled atmospheric simulation chamber containing leaves litter samples, where BVOC and aerosol number concentrations have been measured for 6 days. Our results show that BVOC emission profiles were affected by UV light irradiation, which increased the summed BVOC emissions compared to the experiment with solely O3. Furthermore, the diversity of emitted VOCs from the rapeseed litter increased also in presence of UV light irradiation. SOA formation was observed when leaves litter were exposed to both UV light and O3, indicating a potentially large contribution to particle formation or growth at local scales. To our knowledge, this study investigates for the first time the effect of UV irradiation and O3 exposure on both VOC emissions and SOA formation for leaves litter samples. A detailed discussion about the processes behind the biological production of the most important VOC is proposed.

scholarly journals Detection of isoprene traces in exhaled breath by using photonic crystals as a biomarker for chronic liver fibrosis disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mehaney ◽  
Hussein A. Elsayed ◽  
Ashour M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Air Cavity ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Sensor Structure ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
First Time

Abstract Detection of blood-carried volatile organic compounds (VOCs) existing in the exhaled breath of human is an attractive research point for noninvasive diagnosis of diseases. In this research, we introduce a novel application of photonic crystals (PCs) for the detection of isoprene traces in the exhaled breath as a biomarker for liver fibrosis. This idea is introduced for the first time according to the best of our knowledge. The proposed sensor structure is a one-dimensional (1D) PC constructed from a multilayer stack of two dielectric materials covered with an air cavity layer filled with the dry exhaled breath (DEB) and a thin metallic layer of Au is attached on the top surface. Hence, the proposed sensor is configured as, [prism/Au/air cavity/(GaN/SiO2)10]. The transfer matrix method and the Drude model are adopted to calculate the numerical simulations and reflection spectra of the design. The essential key for sensing isoprene levels is the resonant optical Tamm plasmon (TP) states within the photonic bandgap. The obtained numerical results are promising such as high sensitivity (S) of 0.321 nm/ppm or 278720 nm/RIU. This technique can be reducing the risk of infection during the taking of blood samples by syringe. Also, it can prevent the pain of patients. Finally, this work opens the door for the detection of many diseases by analyzing the breaths of patients based on photonic crystals.

scholarly journals PPARGin Human Adipogenesis: Differential Contribution of Canonical Transcripts and Dominant Negative Isoforms

PPAR Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aprile ◽  
M. R. Ambrosio ◽  
V. D'Esposito ◽  
F. Beguinot ◽  
P. Formisano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Expression Pattern ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
First Time ◽  
Differential Contribution ◽  
Rule Out

The nuclear receptor PPARγis a key regulator of adipogenesis, and alterations of its function are associated with different pathological processes related to metabolic syndrome. We recently identified twoPPARGtranscripts encoding dominant negative PPARγisoforms. The existence of differentPPARGvariants suggests that alternative splicing is crucial to modulate PPARγfunction, underlying some underestimated aspects of its regulation. Here we investigatePPARGexpression in different tissues and cells affected in metabolic syndrome and, in particular, during adipocyte differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. We defined the transcript-specific expression pattern ofPPARGvariants encoding both canonical and dominant negative isoforms and identified a novelPPARGtranscript,γ1ORF4. Our analysis indicated that, during adipogenesis, the transcription of alternativePPARGvariants is regulated in a time-specific manner through differential usage of distinct promoters. In addition, our analysis describes—for the first time—the differential contribution of three ORF4 variants to this process, suggesting a still unexplored role for these dominant negative isoforms during adipogenesis. Therefore, our results highlight crucial aspects ofPPARGregulation, suggesting the need of further investigation to rule out the differential impact of allPPARGtranscripts in both physiologic and pathologic conditions, such as metabolism-related disorders.

A rationally designed vapoluminescent compound with adsorptive channels and responsive luminophores for volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1179-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxue Yang ◽  
Xiao-Ning Li ◽  
Ji-Hui Jia ◽  
Xu-Lin Chen ◽  
Can-Zhong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
First Time

We designed a sensor compound which for the first time combines the solvent effect of ICT organic molecules with large channels adsorbing VOCs.

scholarly journals Fast and selective detection of volatile organic compounds using a novel pseudo spin-ladder compound CaCu2O3

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 2368-2379
Author(s):  
N. Lavanya ◽  
G. Veerapandi ◽  
S. G. Leonardi ◽  
N. Donato ◽  
G. Neri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Spin Ladder ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
First Time

A novel pseudo spin-ladder CaCu2O3 compound (2-leg) based conductometric gas sensor has been proposed, for the first time, for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs); (a) the proposed reaction mechanism in air, and (b) in the presence of acetone and ethanol.

scholarly journals An Endophytic Diaporthe apiculatum Produces Monoterpenes with Inhibitory Activity against Phytopathogenic Fungi

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yu Song ◽  
Huihua Wang ◽  
Fei Ren ◽  
Kaiying Wang ◽  
Guiming Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Multigene Phylogeny ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Petri Plate ◽  
First Time

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from endophytic fungi are becoming a potential antibiotic resource. The inhibitive effects of VOCs produced by an endophytic fungus in Leucaena leucocephala were investigated on plant pathogens in this study. Using standard morphological methods and multigene phylogeny, the fungus was identified as Diaporthe apiculatum strain FPYF 3052. Utilizing a two- compartment Petri plate bioassay method, the VOCs from this fungus showed bioactivity ranging from 23.8% to 66.7% inhibition on eight plant pathogens within 24 hours. The SPME-GC/MS technique identified fifteen volatile compounds with dominant terpenoids γ-terpinene (39.8%), α-terpinene (17.2%), and (-)-4-terpineol (8.4%) from the VOCs. Commercial α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, and (-)-4-terpineol demonstrated inhibition on the tested pathogens at concentrations from 0.2 to 1.0 µl/ml within 72 h in the bioassay system. The inhibition rates were from 28% to 100% percent using 1.0 µl/ml within 48 h. (-)-4-Terpineol was the most active of the terpenoids causing up to 100% inhibition. The data illustrate that these monoterpenes play an important role in the inhibitive bioactivity of the VOCs of D. apiculatum FPYF 3052. Most importantly, (-)-4-terpineol is now for the first time, reported to have capability of strong antifungal activity and could be developed as an antibiotic substance.

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