scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phenolic Compounds from Moraiolo Virgin Olive Oil (MVOO) in Brain Cells via Regulating the TLR4/NLRP3 Axis

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 4523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnese Taticchi ◽  
Stefania Urbani ◽  
Elisabetta Albi ◽  
Maurizio Servili ◽  
Michela Codini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
Cns Injury ◽  
Microglia Cell ◽  
Pyrin Domain ◽  
Bv2 Microglia ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Neuroinflammation is a feature of many classic neurodegenerative diseases. In the healthy brain, microglia cells are distributed throughout the brain and are constantly surveilling the central nervous system (CNS). In response to CNS injury, microglia quickly react by secreting a wide array of apoptotic molecules. Virgin olive oil (VOO) is universally recognized as a symbol of the Mediterranean diet. In the current study, using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia, the anti-inflammatory effects of VOO phenolic extracts from Moraiolo cultivar (MVOO-PE) were investigated. The results showed that low concentration of MVOO-PE prevented microglia cell death and attenuated the LPS-induced activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) signaling cascade. The levels of TLR4 and NF-kB were diminished, as well as NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) isoenzyme and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) inflammatory mediator were also reduced. By modulating the TLR4/NLRP3 axis, MVOO-PE pretreatment was able to significantly down-regulate the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators and suppress the cytokine secretion. Finally, we showed protective effect of MVOO-PE in a transwell neuron–microglia co-culture system. In conclusion, these results suggest that MVOO-PE could exerts anti-inflammatory activity on brain cells and become a promising candidate for preventing several neuroinflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of the unsaponifiable fraction of extra virgin olive oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
M. M. Elaasser ◽  
M. K.S. Morsi ◽  
S. M. Galal ◽  
M. K. Abd El-Rahman ◽  
M. A. Katry
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Unsaponifiable Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Nitric Oxide Inhibition ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Inhibition

The health benefits of olive oil are well-known. In this study, the unsaponifiable fraction of extra virgin olive oil (Unsap) was investigated for reducing power capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, fer-rous chelating activity and nitric oxide inhibition. The present study was also designed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effect of the Unsap against human carcinoma cells. The anti-inflammatory potential of Unsap has been determined via the inhibition of Human Cyclooxygenases. The results showed that Unsap is efficient for ferric reducing antioxidant power and nitric oxide inhibition. Unsap has a selective effect as anti-inflammatory agent. The results showed moderate to good in vitro antitumor activities of Unsap against human liver, lung and pancreas cancer cells with IC50 ranging from 19.6 to 30.4 μg/mL and good selectivity index (≥ 2). In conclusion, Unsap represents a promising and safe antitumor and antioxidant material that supports the need for further investigation.

scholarly journals 1-Phenyl-6,7-dihydroxy-isochroman suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory mediator production in human monocytes

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliana Trefiletti ◽  
Anna Rita Togna ◽  
Valentina Latina ◽  
Carolina Marra ◽  
Marcella Guiso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Extra-virgin olive oil is an integral ingredient of the Mediterranean diet, and it has been suggested that its high consumption has beneficial effects on human health. Its protective effect, in particular against the development of CVD, has been related not only to the high content of oleic acid, but also to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols. In order to verify the anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties of hydroxy-isochromans, a class of ortho-diphenols present in extra-virgin olive oil, we investigated the potential ability of 1-phenyl-6,7-dihydroxy-isochroman (L137) to modulate the production of key inflammatory mediators by human monocytes, by evaluating its in vitro effects on prostanoid (thromboxane A2 and PGE2) and cytokine (TNF-α) production. Its effect on the protein expression of the inducible form of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), a pro-inflammatory enzyme responsible for elevated prostanoid levels, was also explored. The results showed that L137 significantly inhibited both prostanoid and TNF-α production in lipopolysaccharide-primed human monocytes in a dose-dependent manner, by inhibiting the COX activity of COX-2. We also demonstrated that the effects of the isochroman are mediated, at least partly, through the suppression of NF-κB activation leading to the down-regulation of the synthesis of COX-2.

scholarly journals Potential Uses of Olive Oil Secoiridoids for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer: A Narrative Review of Preclinical Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1234
Author(s):  
Maria Rita Emma ◽  
Giuseppa Augello ◽  
Vita Di Stefano ◽  
Antonina Azzolina ◽  
Lydia Giannitrapani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a combination of foods mainly rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients that have been shown to have many health-enhancing effects. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is an important component of the MD. The importance of EVOO can be attributed to phenolic compounds, represented by phenolic alcohols, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol, and to secoiridoids, which include oleocanthal, oleacein, oleuropein, and ligstroside (along with the aglycone and glycosidic derivatives of the latter two). Each secoiridoid has been studied and characterized, and their effects on human health have been documented by several studies. Secoiridoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties and, therefore, exhibit anti-cancer activity. This review summarizes the most recent findings regarding the pharmacological properties, molecular targets, and action mechanisms of secoiridoids, focusing attention on their preventive and anti-cancer activities. It provides a critical analysis of preclinical, in vitro and in vivo, studies of these natural bioactive compounds used as agents against various human cancers. The prospects for their possible use in human cancer prevention and treatment is also discussed.

scholarly journals Extra Virgin Olive Oil Extracts Modulate the Inflammatory Ability of Murine Dendritic Cells Based on Their Polyphenols Pattern: Correlation between Chemical Composition and Biological Function

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1016
Author(s):  
Stefania De Santis ◽  
Marina Liso ◽  
Giulio Verna ◽  
Francesca Curci ◽  
Gualtiero Milani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Pattern Correlation ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) represents one of the most important health-promoting foods whose antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are mainly associated to its polyphenols content. To date, studies exploring the effect of EVOO polyphenols on dendritic cells (DCs), acting as a crosstalk between the innate and the adaptive immune response, are scanty. Therefore, we studied the ability of three EVOO extracts (cv. Coratina, Cima di Mola/Coratina, and Casaliva), characterized by different polyphenols amount, to regulate DCs maturation in resting conditions or after an inflammatory stimulus. Cima di Mola/Coratina and Casaliva extracts were demonstrated to be the most effective in modulating DCs toward an anti-inflammatory profile by reduction of TNF and IL-6 secretion and CD86 expression, along with a down-modulation of Il-1β and iNOS expression. From factorial analysis results, 9 polyphenols were tentatively established to play a synergistic role in modulating DCs inflammatory ability, thus reducing the risk of chronic inflammation.

scholarly journals Fe, Zn and Se Bioavailability in Chicken Meat Emulsions Enriched with Minerals, Hydroxytyrosol and Extra Virgin Olive Oil as Measured by Caco-2 Cell Model

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Martínez ◽  
Gaspar Ros ◽  
Gema Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Organic Zn

There is a high demand for functional meat products due to increasing concern about food and health. In this work, Zn and Se bioavailability was increased in chicken meat emulsions that are enriched with Hydroxytyrosol (HXT), a phenolic compound obtained from olive leaf. Six different chicken emulsions were elaborated. Three were made with broiler chicken meat supplemented with inorganic Zn and Se: control, one with HXT (50 ppm) added and one with HXT (50 ppm) and Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) (9.5%) added; and, three were made with chicken meat from chickens fed a diet that was supplemented with organic Zn and Se: control, one with HXT (50 ppm) added and one with HXT (50 ppm) and EVOO (9.5%) added. The samples were digested in vitro and the percent decomposition of phenolic compounds was measured by HPLC. Mineral availability (Fe, Zn and Se) was measured by cell culture of the Caco-2 cell line and the results were compared with mineral standards (Fe, Zn, and Se). The data obtained showed that neither HXT resistance to digestion nor Fe availability was affected by the presence of organic Zn and Se or phenolic compounds. Zn uptake increased in the presence of HXT, but not when its organic form was used, while Se uptake increased but it was not affected by the presence of HXT. It was concluded that the enrichment of meat—endogenously with organic minerals and exogenously with phenolic compounds—could be considered an interesting strategy for future research and applications in the current meat industry.

scholarly journals Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Serreli ◽  
Monica Deiana
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols beneficial effects have widely been debated throughout the last three decades, with greater attention to hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, which are by far the most studied. The main concern about the evaluation of EVOO phenols activities in vitro and in vivo is that the absorption and metabolism of these compounds once ingested lead to the production of different metabolites in the human body. EVOO phenols in the ingested forms are less concentrated in human tissues than their glucuronide, sulfate and methyl metabolites; on the other hand, metabolites may undergo deconjugation before entering the cells and thus act as free forms or may be reformed inside the cells so acting as conjugated forms. In most in vitro studies the presence of methyl/sulfate/glucuronide functional groups does not seem to inhibit biological activity. Parent compounds and metabolites have been shown to reach tissue concentrations useful to exert beneficial effects others than antioxidant and scavenging properties, by modulating intracellular signaling and improving cellular response to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory stimuli. This review aims to give an overview on the reported evidence of the positive effects exerted by the main EVOO polyphenols metabolites in comparison with the parent compounds.

scholarly journals The phenolic compounds of olive oil: structure, biological activity and beneficial effects on human health

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Tripoli ◽  
Marco Giammanco ◽  
Garden Tabacchi ◽  
Danila Di Majo ◽  
Santo Giammanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractThe Mediterranean diet is rich in vegetables, cereals, fruit, fish, milk, wine and olive oil and has salutary biological functions. Epidemiological studies have shown a lower incidence of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases and certain kinds of cancer in the Mediterranean area. Olive oil is the main source of fat, and the Mediterranean diet's healthy effects can in particular be attributed not only to the high relationship between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in olive oil but also to the antioxidant property of its phenolic compounds. The main phenolic compounds, hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein, which give extra-virgin olive oil its bitter, pungent taste, have powerful antioxidant activity bothin vivoandin vitro. The present review focuses on recent works analysing the relationship between the structure of olive oil polyphenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity. These compounds' possible beneficial effects are due to their antioxidant activity, which is related to the development of atherosclerosis and cancer, and to anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity.

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