scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effects of the Meretrix Meretrix Oligopeptide (QLNWD) on Immune-Deficient Mice

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 4452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Lei Ye ◽  
Fenglei Wang ◽  
Jiawen Zheng ◽  
Xiaoxiao Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Meretrix Meretrix ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Immunologic Adjuvants ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Deficient Mice

The aim of this study was to explore the immunomodulatory effects of the Meretrix meretrix oligopeptide (MMO, QLNWD) in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immune-deficient mice. Compared to untreated, CTX-induced immune-deficient mice, the spleen and thymus indexes of mice given moderate (100 mg/kg) and high (200 mg/kg) doses of MMO were significantly higher (p < 0.05), and body weight loss was alleviated. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining revealed that MMO reduced spleen injury, thymus injury, and liver injury induced by CTX in mice. Furthermore, MMO boosted the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and hemolysin in the serum and promoted the proliferation and differentiation of spleen T-lymphocytes. Taken together, our findings suggest that MMO plays a vital role in protection against immunosuppression in CTX-induced immune-deficient mice and could be a potential immunomodulatory candidate for use in functional foods or immunologic adjuvants.

scholarly journals Therapeutic efficacy of IL-17A neutralization with corticosteroid treatment in a model of antigen-driven mixed-granulocytic asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (4) ◽  
pp. L693-L709
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Menson ◽  
Madeleine M. Mank ◽  
Leah F. Reed ◽  
Camille J. Walton ◽  
Katherine E. Van Der Vliet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroid ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Helper Type

Many mouse models of allergic asthma exhibit eosinophil-predominant cellularity rather than the mixed-granulocytic cytology in steroid-unresponsive severe disease. Therefore, we sought to implement a novel mouse model of antigen-driven, mixed-granulocytic, severe allergic asthma to determine biomarkers of the disease process and potential therapeutic targets. C57BL/6J wild-type, interleukin-6 knockout (IL-6−/−), and IL-6 receptor knockout (IL-6R−/−), mice were injected with an emulsion of complete Freund’s adjuvant and house dust mite antigen (CFA/HDM) on day 1. Dexamethasone, a lymphocyte-depleting biological, or anti-IL-17A was administered during the intranasal HDM challenge on days 19–22. On day 23, the CFA/HDM model elicited mixed bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cellularity (typically 80% neutrophils and 10% eosinophils), airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, diffusion impairment, lung damage, body weight loss, corticosteroid resistance, and elevated levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and T helper type 1/ T helper type 17 (Th1/Th17) cytokines compared with eosinophilic models of HDM-driven allergic airway disease. BAL cells in IL-6- or IL-6R-deficient mice were predominantly eosinophilic and associated with elevated T helper type 2 (Th2) and reduced Th1/Th17 cytokine production, along with an absence of SAA. Nevertheless, AHR remained in IL-6-deficient mice even when dexamethasone was administered. However, combined administration of anti-IL-17A and systemic corticosteroid significantly attenuated both overall and neutrophilic airway inflammation and also reduced AHR and body weight loss. Inhibition of IL-17A combined with systemic corticosteroid treatment during antigen-driven exacerbations may provide a novel therapeutic approach to prevent the pathological pulmonary and constitutional changes that greatly impact patients with the mixed-granulocytic endotype of severe asthma.

1965-P: Glucagon Receptor Agonism Stimulates Body Weight Loss in Antibiotic Treatment in Obese Mice

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1965-P
Author(s):  
TEAYOUN KIM ◽  
JESSICA P. ANTIPENKO ◽  
SHELLY NASON ◽  
NATALIE PRESEDO ◽  
WILLIAM J. VAN DER POL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Glucagon Receptor

Relation between change in treatment for central diabetes insipidus and body weight loss

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayako Ito ◽  
Aya Nozaki ◽  
Ichiro Horie ◽  
Takao Ando ◽  
Atsushi Kawakami
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Central Diabetes Insipidus

MicroRNA Determines the Fate of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Regulates Intestinal Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 666-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujuan Ding ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Hongmei Jiang ◽  
Jun Fang
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Cell Fates ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation

The rapid self-renewal of intestinal epithelial cells enhances intestinal function, promotes the nutritional needs of animals and strengthens intestinal barrier function to resist the invasion of foreign pathogens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short-chain, non-coding RNAs that regulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation by down-regulating hundreds of conserved target genes after transcription via seed pairing to the 3&#039; untranslated regions. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs can improve intestinal function by participating in the proliferation and differentiation of different cell populations in the intestine. In addition, miRNAs also contribute to disease regulation and therefore not only play a vital role in the gastrointestinal disease management but also act as blood or tissue biomarkers of disease. As changes to the levels of miRNAs can change cell fates, miRNA-mediated gene regulation can be used to update therapeutic strategies and approaches to disease treatment.

scholarly journals Isoquinoline Alkaloids in Sows’ Diet Reduces Body Weight Loss during Lactation and Increases IgG in Colostrum

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2195
Author(s):  
Ester Arévalo Sureda ◽  
Xuemei Zhao ◽  
Valeria Artuso-Ponte ◽  
Sophie-Charlotte Wall ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloids ◽  
Back Muscle ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
And Performance

Isoquinoline alkaloids (IQ) exert beneficial antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects in livestock. Therefore, we hypothesized that supplementing sows’ diets with IQ during gestation would decrease farrowing stress, affecting the piglets’ development and performance. Sows were divided into: IQ1, supplemented with IQ from gestation day 80 (G80) to weaning; IQ2, supplemented from gestation day 110 (G110) to weaning, and a non-supplemented (NC) group. Sow body weight (BW), feed intake, back-fat thickness and back-muscle thickness were monitored. Cortisol, glucose and insulin were measured in sows’ blood collected 5 d before, during, and after 7 d farrowing. Protein, fat, IgA and IgG were analyzed in the colostrum and milk. Piglets were monitored for weight and diarrhea score, and for ileum histology and gene expression 5 d post-weaning. IQ-supplemented sows lost less BW during lactation. Glucose and insulin levels were lower in the IQ groups compared to NC-sows 5 d before farrowing and had higher levels of protein and IgG in their colostrum. No other differences were observed in sows, nor in the measured parameters in piglets. In conclusion, IQ supplementation affected sows’ metabolism, reducing body weight loss during lactation. Providing IQ to sows from their entrance into the maternity barn might be sufficient to induce these effects. IQ improved colostrum quality, increasing the protein and IgG content, improving passive immunity for piglets.

A patient with severe anemia and body weight loss: unveiling what was behind

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Molfino ◽  
Emanuele Possente ◽  
Giovanni Imbimbo ◽  
Antonella Giorgi ◽  
Maurizio Muscaritoli
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Severe Anemia

Investigating IGF-II and IGF2R serum markers as predictors of body weight loss following an 8-week acute weight loss intervention: PREVIEW sub-study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Kate L. Lee ◽  
Marta P. Silvestre ◽  
Nour H. AlSaud ◽  
Mikael Fogelholm ◽  
Anne Raben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention
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