scholarly journals A Comparative Characterization of Physicochemical and Antioxidants Properties of Processed Heterotrigona itama Honey from Different Origins and Classification by Chemometrics Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsudin ◽  
Selamat ◽  
Sanny ◽  
A.R ◽  
Jambari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Different Origins

Stingless bee honey produced by Heterotrigona itama from different botanical origins was characterised and discriminated. Three types of stingless bee honey collected from acacia, gelam, and starfruit nectars were analyzed and compared with Apis mellifera honey. The results showed that stingless bee honey samples from the three different botanical origins were significantly different in terms of their moisture content, pH, free acidity, total soluble solids, colour characteristics, sugar content, amino acid content and antioxidant properties. Stingless bee honey was significantly different from Apis mellifera honey in terms of physicochemical and antioxidant properties. The amino acid content was further used in the chemometrics analysis to evaluate the role of amino acid in discriminating honey according to botanical origin. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed that the stingless bee honey was completely distinguishable from Apis mellifera honey. Notably, a clear distinction between the stingless bee honey types was also observed. The specific amino acids involved in the distinction of honey were cysteine for acacia and gelam, phenylalanine and 3-hydroxyproline for starfruit, and proline for Apis mellifera honey. The results showed that all honey samples were successfully classified based on amino acid content.

scholarly journals Changes in Amino Acid Content of Excised Leaves During Incubation. III. Role of Sugar in the Accumulation of Proline in Wilted Leaves

1966 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1585-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecil R. Stewart ◽  
Clayton J. Morris ◽  
John F. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content

scholarly journals Plant nutrient quality impacts survival and reproductive fitness of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Odhiambo Nyasembe ◽  
David Poumo Tchouassi ◽  
Martha Njeri Muturi ◽  
Christian W. W. Pirk ◽  
Catherine L. Sole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Dengue Vector

Abstract Background: In a recent study using DNA barcoding, we identified the plants fed upon by four Afro-tropical mosquito species that vector dengue, malaria, and Rift Valley fever. Herein, we have expanded on this study by investigating the role of three of the plants Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae), Leonotis nepetifolia (Lamiaceae), and Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae) on survival, fecundity, and egg viability of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti. Methods: We tested these effects using females that received a) an initial three rations of bloodmeal, and b) received no bloodmeal at all. Two controls were included; age-matched females fed on glucose solution with or without initial bloodmeal, and those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Data was collected daily over a 30-day period. The amino acid content of Ae. aegypti guts and the amino acid content of their respective diets was detected by coupled liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry.Results: Females fed on P. dulce and exclusive bloodmeal had a shorter survival than those fed on glucose. On the other hand, females fed on L. nepetifolia survived longer than those fed exclusively on bloodmeal, whereas those fed on O. ficus-indica had the shortest survival time. With initial bloodmeal, females fed on L. nepetifolia laid 1.6-fold more eggs while those fed on the other diets laid fewer eggs, compared to those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Hatching rates of the eggs laid varied with the diet. Mass spectroscopic analysis of gut contents of mosquitoes exposed to the different diets showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their amino acid levels. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the central role of plant nutrients in the reproductive fitness of dengue vectors which may impact their disease transmission potential.

scholarly journals Plant Nutrient Quality Promotes Survival and Reproductive Fitness of the Dengue Vector Aedes Aegypti

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Odhiambo Nyasembe ◽  
David P. Tchouassi ◽  
Martha N. Muturi ◽  
Christian W. W. Pirk ◽  
Catherine L. Sole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Dengue Vector

Abstract Background: In a recent study using DNA barcoding, we identified the plants fed upon by four Afro-tropical mosquito species that vector dengue, malaria, and Rift Valley fever. Herein, we have expanded on this study by investigating the role of three of the plants Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae), Leonotis nepetifolia (Lamiaceae), and Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae) on survival, fecundity, and egg viability of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti. Methods: We tested these effects using females that received a) an initial three rations of bloodmeal, and b) received no bloodmeal at all. Two controls were included; age-matched females fed on glucose solution with or without initial bloodmeal, and those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Data was collected daily over a 30-day period. The amino acid content of Ae. aegypti guts and the amino acid content of their respective diets was detected by coupled liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry.Results: Females fed on P. dulce and exclusive bloodmeal had a shorter survival than those fed on glucose. On the other hand, females fed on L. nepetifolia survived longer than those fed exclusively on bloodmeal, whereas those fed on O. ficus-indica had the shortest survival time. With initial bloodmeal, females fed on L. nepetifolia laid 1.6-fold more eggs while those fed on the other diets laid fewer eggs, compared to those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Hatching rates of the eggs laid varied with the diet. Mass spectroscopic analysis of gut contents of mosquitoes exposed to the different diets showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their amino acid levels. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the central role of plant nutrients in the reproductive fitness of dengue vectors which may impact their disease transmission potential.

scholarly journals Plant nutrient quality promotes survival and reproductive fitness of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Odhiambo Nyasembe ◽  
David P. Tchouassi ◽  
Martha N. Muturi ◽  
Christian W. W. Pirk ◽  
Catherine L. Sole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Dengue Vector

Abstract Background In a recent study using DNA barcoding, we identified the plants fed upon by four Afro-tropical mosquito species that vector dengue, malaria, and Rift Valley fever. Herein, we have expanded on this study by investigating the role of three of the plants Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae), Leonotis nepetifolia (Lamiaceae), and Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae) on survival, fecundity, and egg viability of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti. Methods We tested these effects using females that received a) an initial three rations of bloodmeal, and b) received no bloodmeal at all. Two controls were included; age-matched females fed on glucose solution with or without initial bloodmeal, and those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Data was collected daily over a 30-day period. The amino acid content of Ae. aegypti guts and the amino acid content of their respective diets was detected by coupled liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry. Results Females fed on P. dulce and exclusive bloodmeal had a shorter survival than those fed on glucose. On the other hand, females fed on L. nepetifolia survived longer than those fed exclusively on bloodmeal, whereas those fed on O. ficus-indica had the shortest survival time. With initial bloodmeal, females fed on L. nepetifolia laid 1.6-fold more eggs while those fed on the other diets laid fewer eggs, compared to those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Hatching rates of the eggs laid varied with the diet. Mass spectroscopic analysis of gut contents of mosquitoes exposed to the different diets showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their amino acid levels. Conclusion Our findings highlight the central role of plant nutrients in the reproductive fitness of dengue vectors which may impact their disease transmission potential.

STUDIES ON THE NATURE OF RESISTANCE IN TOMATO TO CLADOSPORIUM FULVUM COOKE

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1095-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Bailey ◽  
Ruth L. Lowther
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Causal Relation ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Cladosporium Fulvum ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Host Parasite

The sugar and amino acid content of six tomato varieties were compared by paper chromatographic methods. These varieties reacted to race 1 of Cladosporium fulvum Cke. as follows: Potentate, susceptible; V-121 and Stirling Castle, resistant; Vetomold, Vinequeen, and Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (Jusl.) Mill., immune. Potentate, Vetomold, and V-121 are closely related genetically, the last two having been developed by repeated backcrossing to Potentate of immune and resistant segregates from Potentate × L. pimpinellifolium crosses. The resistance of Stirling Castle is controlled by a gene different from the gene which conditions immunity in Vetomold and one that confers resistance on V-121, while the immunity of Vinequeen stems from L. hirsutum Humb. and Bonpl.Fructose, glucose, and sucrose occurred in all varieties, but, among the three closely related ones, the consistently low level of all three in V-121 and the low fructose in Red Currant were suggestive, while Potentate and Vetomold displayed reciprocal levels of fructose and sucrose. The two resistant varieties differed in sugar content and the three immune ones were not consistent.From four sets of extracts of all six varieties, grown under conditions optimal for disease expression, 15 amino acids were identified. The relative amounts of these differed significantly in different varieties without, however, any general causal relation to resistance being evident. The consistently lower levels of one or more of aspartic acid, serine, and glutamine in V-121 may be significant in limiting the development of the fungus in this resistant variety. The immunity of Vetomold did not seem to be conditioned by the presence or absence of specific amino acids nor did the immunity of Vinequeen. When extracts of this sort were compared with extracts from plants grown under a light experience reduced sufficiently to disturb the host–parasite relations, it was evident that this treatment significantly altered both the sugar and amino acid content of the varieties in characteristic varietal patterns. This may suggest that a suitable C/N ratio is prerequisite to compatibility. The desirability of further studies is indicated.

scholarly journals Plant nutrient quality impact survival and reproductive fitness of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Odhiambo Nyasembe ◽  
David Poumo Tchouassi ◽  
Martha Njeri Muturi ◽  
Christian W. W. Pirk ◽  
Catherine L. Sole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Dengue Vector

Abstract Background: In a recent study using DNA barcoding, we identified the plants fed upon by four Afro-tropical mosquito species that vector dengue, malaria, and Rift Valley fever. Herein, we have expanded on this study by investigating the role of three of the plants Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae), Leonotis nepetifolia (Lamiaceae), and Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae) on survival, fecundity, and egg viability of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti.Methods: We tested these effects using females that received a) an initial three rations of bloodmeal, and b) received no bloodmeal at all. Two controls were included; age-matched females fed on glucose solution with or without initial bloodmeal, and those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Data was collected daily over a 30-day period. The amino acid content of Ae. aegypti guts and the amino acid content of their respective diets was detected by coupled liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry. Results: Females fed on P. dulce and exclusive bloodmeal had a shorter survival than those fed on glucose. On the other hand, females fed on L. nepetifolia survived longer than those fed exclusively on bloodmeal, whereas those fed on O. ficus-indica had the shortest survival time. With initial bloodmeal, females fed on L. nepetifolia laid 1.6-fold more eggs while those fed on the other diets laid fewer eggs, compared to those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Hatching rates of the eggs laid varied with the diet. Mass spectroscopic analysis of gut contents of mosquitoes exposed to the different diets showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their amino acid levels. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the central role of plant nutrients in the reproductive fitness of dengue vectors which may impact their disease transmission potential.

scholarly journals Low complexity regions in the proteins of prokaryotes perform important functional roles and are highly conserved

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (19) ◽  
pp. 9998-10009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrysa Ntountoumi ◽  
Panayotis Vlastaridis ◽  
Dimitris Mossialos ◽  
Constantinos Stathopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Iliopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
High Throughput Analysis ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Eukaryotic Proteins ◽  
Widespread Belief

Abstract We provide the first high-throughput analysis of the properties and functional role of Low Complexity Regions (LCRs) in more than 1500 prokaryotic and phage proteomes. We observe that, contrary to a widespread belief based on older and sparse data, LCRs actually have a significant, persistent and highly conserved presence and role in many and diverse prokaryotes. Their specific amino acid content is linked to proteins with certain molecular functions, such as the binding of RNA, DNA, metal-ions and polysaccharides. In addition, LCRs have been repeatedly identified in very ancient, and usually highly expressed proteins of the translation machinery. At last, based on the amino acid content enriched in certain categories, we have developed a neural network web server to identify LCRs and accurately predict whether they can bind nucleic acids, metal-ions or are involved in chaperone functions. An evaluation of the tool showed that it is highly accurate for eukaryotic proteins as well.

scholarly journals Associative learning of non-sugar nectar components: amino acids modify nectar preference in a hawkmoth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey T. Broadhead ◽  
Robert A. Raguso
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Associative Learning ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Flower Visiting

The nearly ubiquitous presence of amino acids in the nectar of flowering plants has led to significant interest in the relevance of these compounds to pollinator behavior and physiology. A number of flower-visiting animals exhibit behavioral preferences for nectar solutions containing amino acids, but these preferences vary by species and are often context- or condition-dependent. Furthermore, the relative strength of these preferences and potential influence on the foraging behavior of flower visiting animals remains unclear. Here, we use innate preference tests and associative learning paradigms to examine the nectar preferences of the flower-visiting hawkmoth, Manduca sexta, in relation to both sugar and amino acid content. M. sexta exhibited a strong preference for higher sucrose concentrations, while the effect of amino acids on innate feeding preference was only marginally significant. However, with experience, moths were able to learn nectar composition and flower color associations and to forage preferentially (against innate color preference) for nectar with a realistic amino acid composition. Foraging moths responding to learned color cues of nectar amino acid content exhibited a behavioral preference comparable to that observed in response to a 5% difference in nectar sucrose concentration. These results demonstrate that experienced foragers may assess nectar amino acid content in addition to nectar sugar content and caloric value during nectar foraging bouts.

scholarly journals Amino acid content and nectar choice by forager honeybees (Apis mellifera L.)

Amino Acids ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Bertazzini ◽  
Piotr Medrzycki ◽  
Laura Bortolotti ◽  
Lara Maistrello ◽  
Giuseppe Forlani
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document