scholarly journals Cinnamomum cassia Presl: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunling Zhang ◽  
Linhong Fan ◽  
Shunming Fan ◽  
Jiaqi Wang ◽  
Ting Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Health Product ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia Presl

Cinnamomum cassia Presl is a tropical aromatic evergreen tree of the Lauraceae family, commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is also a traditional spice, widely used around the world. This paper summarizes the achievements of modern research on C. cassia, including the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. In addition, this review also discusses some significant issues and the potential direction of future C. cassia research. More than 160 chemicals have been separated and identified from C. cassia. The main constituents of C. cassia are terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, glycosides, etc. Modern studies have confirmed that C. cassia has a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antitumour, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity, antibacterial and antiviral, cardiovascular protective, cytoprotective, neuroprotective, immunoregulatory effects, anti-tyrosinase activity and other effects. However, the modern studies of C. cassia are still not complete and more in-depth investigations need to be conducted in alimentotherapy, health product, toxicity and side effects, and more bioactive components and potential pharmacological effects need to be explored in the future.

scholarly journals Ballota nigra L. – an overview of pharmacological effects and traditional uses

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Filip Przerwa ◽  
Arnold Kukowka ◽  
Izabela Uzar
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Upset Stomach ◽  
Potential Cancer

Abstract Ballota nigra, also known as black horehound is a common medical herb used in folk medicine around the world. First reported mentions of its medical properties and use goes as far as the 13th century. The use of black horehound depends on regions and countries. It is used mostly to treat e.g. mild sleep disorders, nervousness, upset stomach, wound healing. It can be used as an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antifungal drug. Moreover, it has been reported as a potential cancer drug. This extensive usage is particularly interesting for us. The aim of this review is to present available data on B. nigra pharmacological effects and known traditional uses gathered from a wide range of scientific articles published in 1997–2020.

scholarly journals Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Xing Li ◽  
Mingyue Ao ◽  
Chunling Zhang ◽  
Shunming Fan ◽  
Zhimin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
The World ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (ZRR, the fresh rhizoma of Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is also a traditional spice, widely used around the world. The present paper reviews advances in research relating to the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. In addition, this review also discusses some significant issues and the potential direction of future research on Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. More than 100 chemical compounds have been isolated from Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, including gingerols, essential oils, diarylheptanoids, and other compounds. Modern studies have confirmed that Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens has pharmacological effects on the nervous system and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, as well as antiemetic, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, the modern studies of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens are still not complete and more bioactive components and potential pharmacological effects need to be explored in the future. There is no unified standard to evaluate the quality and clinical efficacy of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. Therefore, we should establish reasonable, accurate, and reliable quality control standards to make better use of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens.

scholarly journals USE OF SIBUTRAMIN IN PHARMACEUTICAL DRUGS AND ANOREXIC DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS (REVIEW)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
A. M. Sukhanova ◽  
I. B. Perova ◽  
G. M. Rodionova ◽  
K. I. Eller ◽  
V. I. Gegechkori
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
The Body ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Array Detectors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World

Background. The most effective anorexic drugs on the pharmaceutical market are sibutramine. According to the standard scheme, sibutramine is similar to amphetamine. The active metabolites of sibutramine, formed in the process of its metabolism, have high pharmacological activity compared with the original substances, so the drug may be toxic to the body. Sibutramine is used in the complex treatment of obesity, when adjusting excess body weight in type II diabetes, and also used in polycystic ovary syndrome. The drug has many serious undesirable side effects, such as an increase in systolic and / or diastolic pressure and heart rate; headaches, insomnia, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and can cause death. In many countries of the world a wide range of serious side effects has been banned. Text. A description of the drug sibutramine, its status on the pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation and other countries of the world, an overview of possible methods for determining sibutramine in food supplements. Conclusion. Recently, information about the undeclared addition of sibutramine to the anorexigenic dietary supplement (dietary supplement) to increase their effectiveness has increasingly appeared. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methods for determining sibutramine in anorexic dietary supplements. In this regard, an analysis of the methods used for the quantitative determination of sibutramine. As a rule, spectral methods are used to determine the authenticity of a sibutramine substance. The most common and effective method for determining authenticity and quantitative analysis of sibutramine is the HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) method using mass spectrometric and diode array detectors (DAD). At the moment, a method for determining sibutramine in the composition of multicomponent drugs and dietary supplements to food of anorexigenic action is being developed, which will contribute to the development of pharmacy.

scholarly journals Fruitful decade of fungal metabolites as anti-diabetic agents from 2010 to 2019: emphasis on α-glucosidase inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidayat Hussain ◽  
Mamona Nazir ◽  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Ahmed Al-Harrasi ◽  
Elizbit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
First Line ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractIn recent years the prevalence of diabetes has increased globally and by 2040 the number of diabetic people has been estimated to increase to 642 million. Various classes of drugs are available to treat Type ll diabetes. However, these drugs are associated with certain side effects. α-Glucosidase is an intriquing target enzyme to treat Type II diabetes, and α-glucosidase inhibitors are considered as first-line drugs for Type ll patients. Fungi, in general, produce natural products with some amazing chemical diversity and many fungal metabolites have illustrated a wide range of biological and pharmacological effects. In this review the focus is on describing the α-glucosidase effects and their potential as anti-diabetic agents of various metabolites isolated from fungi.

Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba: a review on its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lipi Rani Ray ◽  
Muhammad Shaiful Alam ◽  
Md. Junaid ◽  
Sakia Ferdousy ◽  
Rasheda Akter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetable ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Background: Brassica oleracea var. Capitata F. Alba (white cabbage) is a cruciferous vegetable which used as a vegetable and traditional medicine all over the world. Different preparation from several parts of the plant - roots, shoots, leaves and the whole plant are used to treat a wide range of diseases including diabetes, cancer, gastric, inflammation, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, bacterial, oxidation, and obesity. Objective: The aim of the current review is to evaluate the botany, distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of B. oleracea var. Capitata. Moreover, this review will guide to fill the existing gaps in information and highlight additional research prospects in the field of phytochemistry and pharmacology. Method: Various resources including research papers, review papers, books and reports were collected to obtain over all information of Brassica oleracea var. Capitata, which were obtained by an online search of worldwide-accepted scientific databases. Phytochemical constituents’ structures were drawn by ChemDraw software. Results: About 72 isolated phytochemical compounds of B. oleracea var. Capitata have been collected from different article, which included different type of compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, organic acids, glucosinolates, steroids, hydrocarbons etc. Crude extracts and phytoconstituents of B. oleracea var. Capitata have various pharmacological effects including antidiabetic, anticancer, antihypertensive, anticholesterolemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiobesity, anticoagulant & hepatoprotective. We have enlisted all these pharmacological data along with all the phytochemical constituents of Brassica oleracea var. Capitata. Conclusion: The study was focused on the traditional uses, pharmacological activities and phytochemistry of Brassica oleracea var. Capitata and the findings indicating that B. oleracea var. Capitata is an important medicinal plant which shows several pharmacological effects. We hope our review on this plant will provide more basic and useful information and fill some research gap for further investigation and drug design. Despite we found some important traditional uses and pharmacological activities of Brassica oleracea var. Capitata there are insufficient work found in the field of phytochemical activities.

scholarly journals Review: Potensi Berbagai Spesies Ganoderma Sebagai Tanaman Obat

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Surahmaida .
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
The World ◽  
Drug Ingredient

ABSTRAKDi dunia, jamur Ganodermatelah dikenal sebagai jamur obat. Ganoderma lebih dikenal dengan sebutan jamur Lingzhi atau Reishi. Dari 2000 spesies Ganoderma, hanya 6 spesies yang telah diteliti memiliki efek potensial dalam bidang kesehatan, yaitu G. lucidum, G. applanatum, G. tsugae, G. oregonense, G. boninense, dan G. neojapanicum. Kandungan senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung di dalam Ganoderma terus dikembangkan dalam pemanfaatannya sebagai obat alternatif. Hal inilah yang menyebabkan jamur Ganoderma bebas dari efek samping.Enam spesies Ganoderma ini memiliki karakteristik dengan berbagai potensi kesehatan yang berbedabeda dan berkhasiat sebagai bahan obat. Dari keenam Ganoderma, hanya G. boninense yang memiliki toksisitas terhadap larva udang Artemia salina.Kata Kunci: Tipe-tipe Ganoderma sp, karakteristik fisik, senyawa bioaktif, manfaat Ganoderma sp. bagi kesehatanABSTRACTIn the world, the fungus Ganoderma has been known as a medicinal mushroom. Ganoderma is known as Lingzhi or Reishi mushroom. From 2000 Ganoderma species, only six species that have been studied have a potential effect on health, namely G. lucidum, G. applanatum, G. tsugae, G. oregonense, G. boninense, and G. neojapanicum. The content of bioactive compounds contained in Ganoderma continue to be developed in their usage as an alternative medicine. This is what causes the fungus Ganoderma is free from side effects. Six speciesof Ganoderma has characteristics with various health potentials that vary and efficacious as a drug ingredient. Of the six Ganoderma, only G. boninense has toxicity to the shrimp larvae of Artemia salina.Keywords: Types of Ganodermasp., physical characteristics, bioactive components, health benefits of Ganoderma sp.

scholarly journals A Historical Review of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection of Steel in Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
John P. Broomfield
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Impressed Current ◽  
Impressed Current Cathodic Protection

This paper reviews the history of the development of impressed current cathodic protection of atmospherically exposed reinforced concrete from the first trials in 1959 on bridges to recently installed systems on a wide range of structures around the world. The paper covers the research efforts, anode developments, control systems and monitoring sensors which are reviewed and their evolution explained. The research into the potential and actual side effects of cathodic protection currents in concrete are summarised. The development of standards and guidance on impressed current cathodic protection is also reviewed.

Ultrastructure of neuromuscular relationships in the canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis)

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
W. L. Steffens ◽  
Nancy B. Roberts ◽  
J. M. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Canine Heartworm ◽  
The World ◽  
Synaptic Region ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
Insight Into

The canine heartworm is a common and serious nematode parasite of domestic dogs in many parts of the world. Although nematode neuroanatomy is fairly well documented, the emphasis has been on sensory anatomy and primarily in free-living soil species and ascarids. Lee and Miller reported on the muscular anatomy in the heartworm, but provided little insight into the peripheral nervous system or myoneural relationships. The classical fine-structural description of nematode muscle innervation is Rosenbluth's earlier work in Ascaris. Since the pharmacological effects of some nematacides currently being developed are neuromuscular in nature, a better understanding of heartworm myoneural anatomy, particularly in reference to the synaptic region is warranted.

Creative Strategy Used in Electronic Advertising

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-606
Author(s):  
Dr. Maha Mustafa Omer Abdalaziz
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Creative Strategy ◽  
Electronic Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Electronic Advertising

The study aims at the technological developments that are taking place in the world and have impacted on all sectors and fields and imposed on the business organizations and commercial companies to carry out their marketing and promotional activities within the electronic environment. The most prominent of these developments is the emergence of the concept of electronic advertising which opened a wide range of companies and businessmen to advertise And to promote their products and their work easily through the Internet, which has become full of electronic advertising, and in light of that will discuss the creative strategy used in electronic advertising;

ARTISTIC ASSIMILATION OF THE WORLD IN THE ESSAY PROSE OF M. G. ATAMANOV (BASED ON THE BOOK “I AM UDMURT. WHY DOES IT HURT?”)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Alevtina Vasilevna Kamitova ◽  
Tatyana Ivanovna Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
National Identity ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Individual Style

The paper reflects the specificity of the fundamental ideas of the artistic world of M. G. Atamanov, which includes a wide range of literary facts from the content level of the text of the works to their poetics. A particularly important role in the works of M. G. Atamanov is played by cross-cutting themes and images that reflect the author's individual style and his idea of national-ethnic identity. The subject of the research is the book of essays “Mon - Udmurt. Maly mynym vös’?” (“I am Udmurt. Why does it hurt?”), which most vividly reflected the main spiritual and artistic searches of M. G. Atamanov, associated with his ideas about the Udmurt people. The main motives and plots of the works included in the book under consideration are accumulated around the concept of “Udmurtness”. The comprehension of “Udmurtness” is modeled in his essays through specific leit themes: native language, Udmurt people, national culture, mentality, geographic and topographic features of the Udmurt people’ places of residence, the Orthodox idea. The “Udmurt theme” is recognized and comprehended by the writer through the prism of national identity.

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