scholarly journals Transepithelial Transport Characteristics of the Cholesterol- Lowing Soybean Peptide, WGAPSL, in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2843
Author(s):  
Huijuan Zhang ◽  
Yawen Duan ◽  
Yulin Feng ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Transepithelial Transport ◽  
Apparent Permeability ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Phase Ii Metabolism ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Apparent Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Lowering Activity

Recent studies have shown that soybean protein and its peptides have cholesterol-lowering activities. However, it is not clear whether these peptides could overcome physiological barriers, such as phase II metabolism in gastrointestinal tract and poor permeability, to reach the blood stream in its intact form. Therefore, the transepithelial transport characteristics of soybean peptide Trp-Gly-Ala-Pro-Ser-Leu (WGAPSL) with cholesterol- lowering activity were investigated in Caco-2 cells. In this study; the transepithelial absorption of WGAPSL was studied using human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers. The results showed that WGAPSL had good stability (83.9% ±1.98%) after simulated gastric and intestinal digestion. During the apical (AP) side to basolateral (BL) side transport, WGAPSL was absorbed intact through Caco-2 cell monolayers with apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) values of 4.4 × 10−8 to 1.2 × 10−8 cm/s. Cytochalasin D loosened the tight junctions of Caco-2 cell monolayers and significantly (p < 0.05) improved the transport process. Sodium azide, wortmannin, and Gly-Pro had minimal effects on transport, demonstrating that the major transport route of WGAPVL was paracellular via tight junctions. Finally, LC-MS analysis showed that Gly-Ala-Pro (GAP) was the important part for the intact absorption of WGAPVL and Trp (W) was the most unstable amino acid residue.

scholarly journals Intestinal Transportations of Main Chemical Compositions of Polygoni Multiflori Radix in Caco-2 Cell Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yu ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Pei Lin ◽  
Yunfei Li ◽  
Xiaojian Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gibbs Energy ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Intestinal Transport ◽  
Transepithelial Transport ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Polygonum Multiflorum ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Apparent Permeability ◽  
Cell Monolayers

Context. Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) is originated from the root ofPolygonum multiflorumThunb. and used in oriental countries for centuries. However, little researches pay close attention to the absorption of its major constituents.Objective. Transepithelial transport of TSG, RL, PL, and four anthraquinones is carried out.Materials and Methods. Caco-2 cell monolayer, which represented a well-established model for the study of intestinal transport of nutrients and xenobiotics, was used in this paper.Results. The apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) in the Caco-2 cell monolayers were TSG (2.372 × 10−9) < EG (2.391 × 10−9) < EN (2.483 × 10−9) < PL (4.917 × 10−9) < RN (1.707 × 10−8) < RL (1.778 × 10−8) < AE (1.952 × 10−8). Thus, RN, RL, and AE were considered partly absorbed, while other constituents were hardly absorbed.Discussion and Conclusion. Glycosides showed poor permeabilities than aglycones. In the meantime, TSG and EN gave out poor recovery rates in this assay, which indicated that TSG and EN may accumulate or metabolise in the Caco-2 cells.In silicoprediction indicated that Gibbs energy (r=0.751,p<0.05) and heat of form (r=0.701,p<0.05) were strongly positively correlated withPapp.

Cholesterol-Lowering Activity of Various Undigested Fractions of Soybean Protein in Rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 120 (9) ◽  
pp. 977-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michihiro Sugano ◽  
Shoichiro Goto ◽  
Yukio Yamada ◽  
Katsuko Yoshida ◽  
Yukio Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Lowering Activity

scholarly journals Transport of Dietary Anti-Inflammatory Peptide, γ-Glutamyl Valine (γ-EV), across the Intestinal Caco-2 Monolayer

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Snigdha Guha ◽  
Sophie Alvarez ◽  
Kaustav Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Peptide Transport ◽  
Transepithelial Transport ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Tight Junction Proteins ◽  
Apparent Permeability ◽  
Apparent Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Junction Proteins

The present study analyzed the transepithelial transport of the dietary anti-inflammatory peptide, γ-glutamyl valine (γ-EV). γ-EV is naturally found in dry edible beans. Our previous study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potency of γ-EV against vascular inflammation at a concentration of 1mM, and that it can transport with the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of 1.56 × 10−6 ± 0.7 × 10−6 cm/s across the intestinal Caco-2 cells. The purpose of the current study was to explore whether the permeability of the peptide could be enhanced and to elucidate the mechanism of transport of γ-EV across Caco-2 cells. The initial results indicated that γ-EV was nontoxic to the Caco-2 cells up to 5 mM concentration and could be transported across the intestinal cells intact. During apical-to-basolateral transport, a higher peptide dose (5 mM) significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced the transport rate to 2.5 × 10−6 ± 0.6 × 10−6 cm/s. Cytochalasin-D disintegrated the tight-junction proteins of the Caco-2 monolayer and increased the Papp of γ-EV to 4.36 × 10−6 ± 0.16 × 10−6 cm/s (p < 0.001), while theaflavin 3′-gallate and Gly-Sar significantly decreased the Papp (p < 0.05), with wortmannin having no effects on the peptide transport, indicating that the transport route of γ-EV could be via both PepT1-mediated and paracellular.

Permeability to albumin in isolated coronary venules

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. H543-H552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yuan ◽  
W. M. Chilian ◽  
H. J. Granger ◽  
D. C. Zawieja
Keyword(s):  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Apparent Permeability ◽  
Filtration Pressure ◽  
Diffusive Permeability ◽  
Apparent Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Intravascular Pressure

This study reports measurements of albumin permeability in isolated coronary venules. The isolated microvessel technique allows the quantification of transmural exchange of macromolecules under tightly controlled physical and chemical conditions. Transvenular exchange of albumin was studied in isolated coronary venules during alterations in filtration rate caused by changes in intravascular pressure. The apparent permeability coefficient of albumin (Pa) at an intraluminal pressure of 11 cmH2O was 3.92 +/- 0.43 x 10(-6) cm/s. Elevating intraluminal pressure to 16 and 21 cmH2O increased Pa to 5.13 +/- 0.57 x 10(-6) and 6.78 +/- 0.66 x 10(-6) cm/s, respectively. Calculation of the true diffusive permeability coefficient of albumin (Pd) at zero filtration rate was 1.54 x 10(-6) cm/s. The product of hydraulic conductance (Lp) and (1 - sigma), where sigma is the solute reflection coefficient, was 3.25 x 10(-7) cm.s-1 x cmH2O-1. At a net filtration pressure of 4-5 cmH2O, diffusion accounts for > 60% of total albumin transport across the venular wall. Transmural albumin flux is very sensitive to filtration rate, rising 6.7% for each cmH2O elevation of net filtration pressure. At 11 cmH2O net filtration pressure, convection accounts for nearly 70% of net albumin extravasation from the venular lumen. We suggest that the isolated coronary venule is a suitable preparation for the study of solute exchange in the heart.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Passive Solute Transport across Primary Rat Alveolar Epithelial Cell Monolayers

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Yong Ho Kim ◽  
Kwang-Jin Kim ◽  
David Z. D’Argenio ◽  
Edward D. Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Pore Radius ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cell ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Cell Monolayers ◽  
Hydrophilic Solutes

Primary rat alveolar epithelial cell monolayers (RAECM) were grown without (type I cell-like phenotype, RAECM-I) or with (type II cell-like phenotype, RAECM-II) keratinocyte growth factor to assess passive transport of 11 hydrophilic solutes. We estimated apparent permeability (Papp) in the absence/presence of calcium chelator EGTA to determine the effects of perturbing tight junctions on “equivalent” pores. Papp across RAECM-I and -II in the absence of EGTA are similar and decrease as solute size increases. We modeled Papp of the hydrophilic solutes across RAECM-I/-II as taking place via heterogeneous populations of equivalent pores comprised of small (0.41/0.32 nm radius) and large (9.88/11.56 nm radius) pores, respectively. Total equivalent pore area is dominated by small equivalent pores (99.92–99.97%). The number of small and large equivalent pores in RAECM-I was 8.55 and 1.29 times greater, respectively, than those in RAECM-II. With EGTA, the large pore radius in RAECM-I/-II increased by 1.58/4.34 times and the small equivalent pore radius increased by 1.84/1.90 times, respectively. These results indicate that passive diffusion of hydrophilic solutes across an alveolar epithelium occurs via small and large equivalent pores, reflecting interactions of transmembrane proteins expressed in intercellular tight junctions of alveolar epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Mbov_0503 Encodes a Novel Cytoadhesin that Facilitates Mycoplasma bovis Interaction with Tight Junctions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xifang Zhu ◽  
Yaqi Dong ◽  
Eric Baranowski ◽  
Xixi Li ◽  
Gang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Host Cell Surface

Molecules contributing to microbial cytoadhesion are important virulence factors. In Mycoplasma bovis, a minimal bacterium but an important cattle pathogen, binding to host cells is emerging as a complex process involving a broad range of surface-exposed structures. Here, a new cytoadhesin of M. bovis was identified by producing a collection of individual knock-out mutants and evaluating their binding to embryonic bovine lung cells. The cytoadhesive-properties of this surface-exposed protein, which is encoded by Mbov_0503 in strain HB0801, were demonstrated at both the mycoplasma cell and protein levels using confocal microscopy and ELISA. Although Mbov_0503 disruption was only associated in M. bovis with a partial reduction of its binding capacity, this moderate effect was sufficient to affect M. bovis interaction with the host-cell tight junctions, and to reduce the translocation of this mycoplasma across epithelial cell monolayers. Besides demonstrating the capacity of M. bovis to disrupt tight junctions, these results identified novel properties associated with cytoadhesin that might contribute to virulence and host colonization. These findings provide new insights into the complex interplay taking place between wall-less mycoplasmas and the host-cell surface.

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