scholarly journals The Effect of Pressure on Halogen Bonding in 4-Iodobenzonitrile

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Giordano ◽  
Sergejs Afanasjevs ◽  
Christine M. Beavers ◽  
Claire L. Hobday ◽  
Konstantin V. Kamenev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Π Interactions ◽  
Transparent Crystal ◽  
Triclinic Phase

The crystal structure of 4-iodobenzonitrile, which is monoclinic (space group I2/a) under ambient conditions, contains chains of molecules linked through C≡N···I halogen-bonds. The chains interact through CH···I, CH···N and π-stacking contacts. The crystal structure remains in the same phase up to 5.0 GPa, the b axis compressing by 3.3%, and the a and c axes by 12.3 and 10.9 %. Since the chains are exactly aligned with the crystallographic b axis these data characterise the compressibility of the I···N interaction relative to the inter-chain interactions, and indicate that the halogen bond is the most robust intermolecular interaction in the structure, shortening from 3.168(4) at ambient pressure to 2.840(1) Å at 5.0 GPa. The π∙∙∙π contacts are most sensitive to pressure, and in one case the perpendicular stacking distance shortens from 3.6420(8) to 3.139(4) Å. Packing energy calculations (PIXEL) indicate that the π∙∙∙π interactions have been distorted into a destabilising region of their potentials at 5.0 GPa. The structure undergoes a transition to a triclinic ( P 1 ¯ ) phase at 5.5 GPa. Over the course of the transition, the initially colourless and transparent crystal darkens on account of formation of microscopic cracks. The resistance drops by 10% and the optical transmittance drops by almost two orders of magnitude. The I···N bond increases in length to 2.928(10) Å and become less linear [<C−I∙∙∙N = 166.2(5)°]; the energy stabilises by 2.5 kJ mol−1 and the mixed C-I/I..N stretching frequency observed by Raman spectroscopy increases from 249 to 252 cm−1. The driving force of the transition is shown to be relief of strain built-up in the π∙∙∙π interactions rather than minimisation of the molar volume. The triclinic phase persists up to 8.1 GPa.

Co-Crystallisation of 1,4-Diiodotetrafluorobenzene with Three Different Symmetric Dipyridylacetylacetone Isomers Produces Four Halogen-Bonded Architectures

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua J. Brown ◽  
Aidan J. Brock ◽  
Michael C. Pfrunder ◽  
Julia P. Sarju ◽  
Abigail Z. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
Supramolecular Interactions ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Supramolecular Architectures ◽  
Crystallisation Behaviour ◽  
Π Stacking

The co-crystallisation behaviour of three symmetrical dipyridylacetylacetone ligands (1,3-di(2-pyridyl)-1,3-propanedione (o-bppdH), 1,3-di(3-pyridyl)-1,3-propanedione (m-bppdH), and 1,3-di(4-pyridyl)-1,3-propanedione (p-bppdH)), with the linear halogen-bond donor 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (1,4-DITFB) has been investigated. The reaction of these components under ambient conditions in a 1 : 1 stoichiometry produced four halogen-bonded assemblies ([o-bppdH·1,4-DITFB, [m-bppdH·1,4-DITFB], [2(m-bppdH)·1,4-DITFB], and [p-bppdH·1,4-DITFB]). The combination of multiple supramolecular interactions including halogen bonding, hydrogen bonding, and π-stacking produces a range of supramolecular architectures, including one-, two-, and three-dimensional motifs. The crystal structure of m-bppdH is also reported.

scholarly journals Crystal structure of a host–guest complex between mephedrone hydrochloride and a tetraphosphonate cavitand

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
Elisa Biavardi ◽  
Chiara Massera
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Supramolecular Complex ◽  
Chloride Anion ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Counter Anion ◽  
Guest Complex ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Π Interactions ◽  
Host Guest Complex ◽  
Upper Rim

A new supramolecular complex (I) between the tetraphosphonate cavitand Tiiii[C3H7,CH3,C6H5] [systematic name: 2,8,14,20-tetrapropyl-5,11,17,23-tetramethyl-6,10:12,16:18,22:24,4-tetrakis(phenylphosphonato-O,O′)resorcin[4]arene] and mephedrone hydrochoride {C11H16NO+·Cl−; systematic name: methyl[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]azanium chloride} has been obtained and characterized both in solution and in the solid state. The complex of general formula (C11H16NO)@Tiiii[C3H7,CH3,C6H5]Cl·CH3OH or C11H16NO+·Cl−·C68H68O12P4·CH3OH, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with one lattice methanol molecule per cavitand, disordered over two positions with occupancy factors of 0.665 (6) and 0.335 (6). The mephedrone guest interacts with the P=O groups at the upper rim of the cavitand through two charge-assisted N—H...O hydrogen bonds, while the methyl group directly bound to the amino moiety is stabilized inside the π basic cavity via cation...π interactions. The chloride counter-anion is located between the alkyl legs of the cavitand, forming C—H...Cl interactions with the aromatic and methylenic H atoms of the lower rim. The chloride anion is also responsible for the formation of a supramolecular chain along the b-axis direction through C—H...Cl interactions involving the phenyl substituent of one phosphonate group. C—H...O and C—H...π interactions between the guest and adjacent cavitands contribute to the formation of the crystal structure.

Synthesis, Spectral, Thermal and Structural Characterization of the Copper(II) Saccharinato Complex of 2–Aminopyrimidine, [Cu(sac–O)2(ampym–N)2(H2O)2]·2ampym

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Okan Zafer Yeşilel ◽  
Halis Ölmez ◽  
Hümeyra Paşaoğlu ◽  
Gökhan Kaştaş ◽  
Orhan Büyükgüngör
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Π Interactions ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Phenyl Rings ◽  
In Trans

AbstractBis(2-aminopyrimidine-N)diaquabis(saccharinato-O)copper(II) di(2-aminopyrimidine), [Cu(sac-O)2(ampym-N)2(H2O)2] · 2ampym was synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analysis, IR and UV-vis spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility, simultaneous TG, DTG, DTA techniques, and X-ray diffraction. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c [a = 7.4697(5), b = 10.1679(5), c = 22.743(2)Å , β = 92.844(5), Z = 2, R = 0.0275, wR= 0.0757, V = 1725.26(19) Å3]. The copper atom is bonded to two ampym N atoms and two sac O atoms as well as to two water O atoms in trans positions in the geometry of a distorted octahedron. There are also two ampym moieties as solvate molecules in the unit cell. The crystal structure is stabilized by N-H· · ·O, O-H· · ·N and C-H· · ·O type hydrogen bonding interactions. Intermolecular π−π interactions between the phenyl rings of ampym groups and C-H· · ·π interactions also support the packing of the molecules. The thermal decomposition of the complex has been studied.

scholarly journals Azobenzene-based difunctional halogen-bond donor: towards the engineering of photoresponsive co-crystals

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Saccone ◽  
Giancarlo Terraneo ◽  
Tullio Pilati ◽  
Gabriella Cavallo ◽  
Arri Priimagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Donor Molecule ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Covalent Interaction ◽  
Material Systems ◽  
Azo Group ◽  
Insight Into

Halogen bonding is emerging as a powerful non-covalent interaction in the context of supramolecular photoresponsive materials design, particularly due to its high directionality. In order to obtain further insight into the solid-state features of halogen-bonded photoactive molecules, three halogen-bonded co-crystals containing an azobenzene-based difunctional halogen-bond donor molecule, (E)-bis(4-iodo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)diazene, C12F8I2N2, have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure of the non-iodinated homologue (E)-bis(2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)diazene, C12H2F8N2, is also reported. It is demonstrated that the studied halogen-bond donor molecule is a reliable tecton for assembling halogen-bonded co-crystals with potential photoresponsive behaviour. The azo group is not involved in any specific intermolecular interactions in any of the co-crystals studied, which is an interesting feature in the context of enhanced photoisomerization behaviour and photoactive properties of the material systems.

scholarly journals 1,3,5-Trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene–piperazine (2/1)

IUCrData ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Hajjar ◽  
Jeffrey S. Ovens ◽  
David L. Bryce
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Nitrogen Atom ◽  
Bond Angle ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linear Interaction ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Van Der Waals Radii

The single-crystal structure of the title compound, C4H10N2·2C6F3I3, features a moderately strong halogen bond between one of the three crystallographically distinct iodine atoms and the nitrogen atom. The iodine–nitrogen distance is 2.820 (3) Å, corresponding to 80% of the sum of their van der Waals radii. The C—I...N halogen bond angle is 178.0 (1)°, consistent with the linear interaction of nitrogen via a σ-hole opposite the carbon–iodine covalent bond. The other two iodine atoms do not engage in halogen bonding. Some weak C—H...F and —H...I interactions are also observed. The complete piperazine molecule is generated by symmetry.

Redox reactive (RNC)CuII species stabilized in the solid state via halogen bond with I2

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Bulatova ◽  
Anna A. Melekhova ◽  
Alexander S. Novikov ◽  
Daniil. M. Ivanov ◽  
Nadezhda A. Bokach
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Electron Density Distribution ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Topological Analysis ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
Molecular Iodine ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Covalent Character ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Model Complex

AbstractThe crystal structure of [Cu2(μ-O)(μ-I)2(CNXyl)4]·I2(2·I2) was determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The adduct2·I2represents the first example of structurally characterized isocyanide-copper(II) complexes. In the structure of2·I2,2forms independent chains connected through molecular iodine via I···I–I···I halogen bonding. The DFT calculations and topological analysis of the electron density distribution within the formalism of Bader’s theory (QTAIM method) were performed for model complex2·I2and the obtained results allowed the attribution of these contacts to moderate strength (3.8–5.3 kcal/mol) non-covalent contacts exhibiting some covalent character.

scholarly journals Crystal structures of 2-[3,5-bis(bromomethyl)-2,4,6-triethylbenzyl]isoindoline-1,3-dione and 2-{5-(bromomethyl)-3-[(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)methyl]-2,4,6-triethylbenzyl}isoindoline-1,3-dione

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Stapf ◽  
Betty Leibiger ◽  
Anke Schwarzer ◽  
Monika Mazik
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Molecular Conformation ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Asymmetric Unit ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Π Interactions ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions

The title compounds, C23H25Br2NO2 (1) and C31H29BrN2O4 (2), crystallize in the space group P21/n with two (1-A and 1-B) and one molecules, respectively, in the asymmetric unit of the cell. The molecular conformation of these compounds is stabilized by intramolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—H...N or C—H...π interactions. The crystal structure of 1 features a relatively strong Br...O=C halogen bond, which is not observed in the case of 2. Both crystal structures are characterized by the presence of C—H...Br hydrogen bonds and numerous intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen-bonding interactions.

Synthesis and crystal structure of a 3D copper(II)–silver(I) coordination polymer assembled through hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking and metal–π interactions, {[Cu(phen)2(CN)][Ag(CN)2] · 3H2O}n (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline)

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Nawaz ◽  
Tobias Rüffer ◽  
Heinrich Lang ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf Shaheen ◽  
Saeed Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Coordination Polymer ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Polymeric Complex ◽  
Synthesis And Crystal Structure ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Π Interactions ◽  
3D Network

AbstractA copper(II) polymeric complex {[Cu(phen)2(CN)][Ag(CN)2] · 3H2O}n, 1 (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), has been prepared and structurally characterized. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with [Cu(phen)2(CN)]+ and [Ag(CN)2]− units and three water molecules. The cationic and anionic units are linked to each other through M-π and π–π interactions. The array is extended further by hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions to form a 3D network.

scholarly journals Inclusion complexes of Cethyl-2-methylresorcinarene and pyridine N-oxides: breaking the C–I⋯−O–N+ halogen bond by host–guest complexation

CrystEngComm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Puttreddy ◽  
Ngong Kodiah Beyeh ◽  
Kari Rissanen
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
Π Interactions ◽  
Guest Chemistry

Cethyl-2-Methylresorcinarene and aromatic N-oxides manifest host–guest chemistry by C–H⋯π interactions and halogen bonding; the C–I⋯−O–N+ halogen bond with 2-iodopyridine N-oxide is broken by the in-cavity C–I⋯π interactions.

scholarly journals Crystal structures of bis(phenoxy)silicon phthalocyanines: increasing π–π interactions, solubility and disorder and no halogen bonding observed

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 988-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît H. Lessard ◽  
Alan J. Lough ◽  
Timothy P. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Π Interactions ◽  
Silicon Phthalocyanines ◽  
Solution Processable

We report the syntheses and characterization of three solution-processable phenoxy silicon phthalocyanines (SiPcs), namely bis(3-methylphenoxy)(phthalocyanine)silicon [(3MP)2-SiPc], C46H30N8O2Si, bis(2-sec-butylphenoxy)(phthalocyanine)silicon [(2secBP)2-SiPc], C44H24I2N8O2Si, and bis(3-iodophenoxy)(phthalocyanine)silicon [(3IP)2-SiPc], C52H42N8O2Si. Crystals grown of these compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the π–π interactions between the aromatic SiPc cores were studied. It was determined that (3MP)2-SiPc has similar interactions to previously reported bis(3,4,5-trifluorophenoxy)silicon phthalocyanines [(345 F)2-SiPc] with significant π–π interactions between the SiPc groups. (3IP)2-SiPc and (2secBP)2-SiPc both experienced a parallel stacking of two of the peripheral aromatic groups. In all three cases, the solubility of these molecules was increased by the addition of phenoxy groups while maintaining π–π interactions between the aromatic SiPc groups. The solubility of (2secBP)2-SiPc was significantly higher than other bis-phenoxy-SiPcs and this was exemplified by the higher observed disorder within the crystal structure.

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