scholarly journals Isolation of Myricitrin and 3,5-di-O-Methyl Gossypetin from Syzygium samarangense and Evaluation of their Involvement in Protecting Keratinocytes against Oxidative Stress via Activation of the Nrf-2 Pathway

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Sobeh ◽  
Ganna Petruk ◽  
Samir Osman ◽  
Mohamed A. El Raey ◽  
Paola Imbimbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Proteins ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Stress Activation

The wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) is traditionally employed as an antibacterial and immunostimulant drug in traditional medicine. This plant is rich in different flavonoids and tannins. In this study, we isolated two compounds from S. samarangense leaves: myricitrin and 3,5-di-O-methyl gossypetin. Then, we investigated the mechanisms of action of the two compounds against oxidative stress (induced by sodium arsenite) and inflammation (induced by UV light) on human keratinocytes. We could clearly demonstrate that the pre-treatment of cells with both compounds was able to mitigate the negative effects induced by oxidative stress, as no alteration in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH) level, or protein oxidation was observed. Additionally, both compounds were able to modulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways to counteract oxidative stress activation. Finally, we showed that 3,5-di-O-methyl gossypetin exerted its antioxidant activity through the nuclear transcription factor-2 (Nrf-2) pathway, stimulating the expression of antioxidant proteins, such as HO-1 and Mn-SOD-3.

scholarly journals Weaning Induced Hepatic Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Aminotransferases through MAPK Signaling Pathways in Piglets

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Luo ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Qi Guo ◽  
Wenli Luo ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hepatic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
D 20 ◽  
Mapk Signaling Pathways

This study investigated the effects of weaning on the hepatic redox status, apoptosis, function, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways during the first week after weaning in piglets. A total of 12 litters of piglets were weaned at d 21 and divided into the weaning group (WG) and the control group (CG). Six piglets from each group were slaughtered at d 0 (d 20, referred to weaning), d 1, d 4, and d 7 after weaning. Results showed that weaning significantly increased the concentrations of hepatic free radicals H2O2and NO, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), while significantly decreasing the inhibitory hydroxyl ability (IHA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and altered the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD). The apoptosis results showed that weaning increased the concentrations of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. In addition, aspartate aminotransferase transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in liver homogenates increased after weaning. The phosphorylated JNK and ERK1/2 increased, while the activated p38 initially decreased and then increased. Our results suggested that weaning increased the hepatic oxidative stress and aminotransferases and initiated apoptosis, which may be related to the activated MAPK pathways in postweaning piglets.

Ginsenoside Rg1 Downregulates the Shear Stress Induced MCP-1 Expression by Inhibiting MAPK Signaling Pathway

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (02) ◽  
pp. 305-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian He ◽  
Yu-Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg1 ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ginsenoside Rg1 has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory activities, but the effects of Rg1 on the shear induced MCP-1 upregulation mechanism on endothelial cells (ECs) remain to be determined. In this study, we show that Rg1 down modulates shear induced pro-inflammatory cytokine MCP-1 gene expression and monocytes adhesion without potential cell toxicity. The negative effects on monocytes adhesion is due to a decrease in MCP-1 protein release. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of Rg1 on the phosphorylation level of ERK, p38, and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) induced by shear stress (SS) is similar with that of specific chemical inhibitors for MAPK pathways activation. These results demonstrate that ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits the shear induced inflammation by suppressing the MAPK pathway. This suggests that Rg1 may serve as a novel anti-inflammatory agent for inflammation-induced cardiovascular diseases treatment.

scholarly journals The Hog1 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Is Essential in the Oxidative Stress Response and Chlamydospore Formation in Candidaalbicans

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Alonso-Monge ◽  
Federico Navarro-García ◽  
Elvira Román ◽  
Ana I. Negredo ◽  
Blanca Eisman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Map Kinase ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Molecular Model ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Chlamydospore Formation ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

ABSTRACT Candida albicans mutants with mutations in mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase HOG1 displayed an increased sensitivity to agents producing reactive oxygen species, such as oxidants (menadione, hydrogen peroxide, or potassium superoxide), and UV light. Consistent with this finding, C. albicans Hog1 was activated not only in response to an increase in external osmolarity, as happens with its Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologue, but also in response to hydrogen peroxide. The Hog1-mediated response to oxidative stress was different from that of transcription factor Cap1, the homologue of S. cerevisiae Yap1, as shown by the different sensitivities to oxidants and the kinetics of cell death of cap1Δ, hog1, and hog1 cap1Δ mutants. Deletion of CAP1 did not influence the level of Hog1 phosphorylation, and deletion of HOG1 did not affect Cap1 nuclear localization. Moreover, we show that the HOG1 gene plays a role in chlamydospore formation, another oxygen-related morphogenetic event, as demonstrated by the fact that hog1 cells were unable to generate these thick-walled structures in several media through a mechanism different from that of the EFG1 regulator. This is the first demonstration of the role of the Hog1-mediated MAP kinase pathway in resistance to oxidative stress in pathogenic fungi, and it allows us to propose a molecular model for the oxidative stress response in C. albicans.

scholarly journals Targeting MAPK Signaling in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. OED.S32200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Kyosseva
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Extracellular Stimuli ◽  
Mapk Inhibitors

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible blindness affecting elderly people in the world. AMD is a complex multifactorial disease associated with demographic, genetics, and environmental risk factors. It is well established that oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis play critical roles in the pathogenesis of AMD. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways are activated by diverse extracellular stimuli, including growth factors, mitogens, hormones, cytokines, and different cellular stressors such as oxidative stress. They regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. This review addresses the novel findings from human and animal studies on the relationship of MAPK signaling with AMD. The use of specific MAPK inhibitors may represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of this debilitating eye disease.

Age-Related Changes in Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades by Oxidative Stress

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Z Guyton ◽  
Myriani Gorospe ◽  
Xiantao Wang ◽  
Yolanda D Mock ◽  
Gertrude C Kokkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Age Related Changes
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