scholarly journals Quality and Authenticity Control of Fruit Juices-A Review

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilena Dasenaki ◽  
Nikolaos Thomaidis
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Hyphenated Techniques ◽  
Food Fraud ◽  
The Past

Food fraud, being the act of intentional adulteration of food for financial advantage, has vexed the consumers and the food industry throughout history. According to the European Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety, fruit juices are included in the top 10 food products that are most at risk of food fraud. Therefore, reliable, efficient, sensitive and cost-effective analytical methodologies need to be developed continuously to guarantee fruit juice quality and safety. This review covers the latest advances in the past ten years concerning the targeted and non-targeted methodologies that have been developed to assure fruit juice authenticity and to preclude adulteration. Emphasis is placed on the use of hyphenated techniques and on the constantly-growing role of MS-based metabolomics in fruit juice quality control area.

scholarly journals Prediction of Carbohydrates in Fruit Juice Soft Drinks Using Ftir Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loredana F. LEOPOLD ◽  
Carmen SOCACIU
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
High Importance

Evaluation of fruit juice quality and authenticity is an important applied research area, with relevant impact in industry, food science and consumer protection. Rapid and cost effective methods of carbohydrate determination in fruit juices are of high importance, since unscrupulous companies, manufacturers or traders seek substantial benefits using adulterated juices to gain market advantages over honest competitors, using cheaper ingredients (fruit juices, sugar and syrups) and/or false label indications for consumers.

scholarly journals (GTG)5-PCR Mediated Molecular Typing of Zoonotic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Daryoush Babazadeh ◽  
Reza Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Zoonotic Bacteria

The present review aimed to reveal the role of (GTG)5-PCR microbial typing in indicating the routes and source of infections, investigate the outbreaks and genotypes of clinical strains, as well as finding virulent strains and epidemiology of bacterial isolates. All available and published data in Google scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate, and Science Direct during the past two decades that used the (GTG)5-PCR method for genotyping the bacterial isolates were included in the current study. The findings have indicated that (GTG)5-PCR can be recommended as a possible, cost-effective, fast, and easy tool for molecular typing of bacterial isolates.

Purification and Thermodynamic Characteristics of an Exo-Polygalacturonase from Trichoderma Pseudokoningii

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 767-767
Author(s):  
Wesam H Abdulaal and Yaaser Q Almulaiky Wesam H Abdulaal and Yaaser Q Almulaiky
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Trichoderma Pseudokoningii ◽  
Km Value

Polygalacturonases (PGs) are necessary to degrade the insoluble viscous pectin components during the clarification process of fruit juice and are produced by some plants and various microbes, such as bacteria, yeasts and fungi. In this study, an exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PGP4a) was purified from T. Pseudokoningii using DEAE-Sepharose and Sephacryl S-200 columns. We show that the enzyme produced in this study by solid-state fermentation of citrus Orange peel was purified 20-fold with 12.8% recovery. The apparent molecular mass of the enzyme was determined to be 25 kDa using gel filtration and SDS-PAGE. The optimum temperature and pH of the exo-PGP4a were 45and#176;C and 6, respectively. The exo-PGP4a showed half-lives of 50.95 and 21.32 min at 55 and 75and#176;C, respectively. The activation energy for denaturation (Ea*) was 42.596 kJ/mol. The Km value of the enzyme for PGA hydrolysis was 2 mg/ml, and the Vmax was 3.27 and#181;mol min-1 mg-1. Several metal cations, such as Cu2+and Zn2+, were found to enhance the enzymatic activity of the exo-PGP4a, while Pb2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Co2+ and Hg2+ ions were found to be inhibitory. In this study, we suggest the exo-polygalacturonase has potential role of the clarification of Orange, Apple, Grape, and Peach juices in the food industry.

scholarly journals Role of sunflower production and processing in import substitution

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00035
Author(s):  
Alexey Ilyin ◽  
Karina Shtokolova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Strategic Objective ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
By Products ◽  
Sunflower Production

The role of sunflower production and processing within the framework of import substitution is extremely important for food industry: in addition to the production of sunflower oil and its fractions, sunflower and its by-products are actively used in confectionery industry, and waste is a valuable feed for farm animals. The study considers the trends in sunflower cultivation and processing in Russia, as well as the development of export and import since the beginning of the food embargo. Today, sunflower is one of the most dynamically developing agricultural crops in Russia, as evidenced by the positive dynamics of sown areas and gross yield. At the same time, in recent years, sunflower cultivation has intensified, as a result of which its yield has increased by 40% over the past 6 years. Among other types of crops actively grown in Russia, sunflower today demonstrates quite high rates, second only to soy. With the dynamic development of sunflower production and processing in the country, there has been a change in the vector of agricultural production of this crop as part of the import substitution strategy and food security. Whereas previously the main strategic objective was to increase the level of self-sufficiency and ensure the country’s domestic needs for sunflower and its by-products, today, as production develops, there is a transition to an export-oriented model.

scholarly journals Isolation of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris from Fruit Juices

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1115-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Walls ◽  
Rolenda Chuyate
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Alicyclobacillus Acidoterrestris ◽  
Isolation Medium ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility

Abstract K agar, a novel isolation medium developed for the food industry, was compared with other acidified media for isolation of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores. Spores were inoculated into apple juice, orange juice, and a fruit juice blend and then isolated on the following media: K agar, pH 3.7; semi-synthetic medium, pH 4.0; orange serum agar, pH 3.5; and minimal salts medium, pH 4.0. Media were incubated at 24, 35, 43, and 55°C. Highest recovery of spores was obtained with either K agar or semi-synthetic medium, incubated at 43°C. The effect of heat shocking spores at different times was also determined; heat shocking at 80°C for 10 min was considered appropriate. Peptone, previously shown to inhibit A. acidoterrestris, was not inhibitory when present in K agar. A collaborative trial with 9 laboratories was undertaken to determine the repeatability and reproducibility of counts on K agar. K agar prepared from individual components was compared with dehydrated K agar prepared by International BioProducts (Redmond, WA). There were no significant differences between log mean counts for the 2 media for each of the juices analyzed at both the high and the low inoculum levels. Repeatability and reproducibility values were not significantly different either within juices, within trials, or across all samples tested in both trials. K agar is suitable for isolation of A. acidoterrestris spores from fruit juices.

scholarly journals Jumping into the 20th century before it is too late: is laboratory robotics still in its infancy?

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Weinstein ◽  
Dennis S. France
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proper Order ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Robotic Automation ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Scientific Director

Successful management of laboratory robotic automation programmes in the environment of research and drug discovery within the pharmaceutical industry may perhaps be best compared to a chef preparing the perfect hollandaise sauce. All the ingredients must be available at the same time and be of highest quality for the right price. However, if components are not added in the right quantities and in the proper order, no amount of whipping together by the product champion will create the best product. In the past, managerial scepticism surrounding useful implementation of cost-effective, high-throughput robotic systems often placed these ‘modern toys’ at low priorities for research development laboratories. Management now recognizes the unique contributions of robotics in the research environment. Although the scientific director must still play the role of product champion, new questions are being proposed and new commitments are being made to bring the potential of robotic automation to every laboratory where repetitive functions can benefit from new applications. Research laboratory directors have become both the key ingredient, as well as the rate-limiting determinant in the development of new applications. Having fulfilled the promise of robotic automation to release talented personnel, the challenge now is for the ‘end users’, the bench scientists, to be provided with opportunities to invest the time and effort required for future applications and new career functions.

scholarly journals Reductive Defluorination and Mechanochemical Decomposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): From Present Knowledge to Future Remediation Concepts

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7242
Author(s):  
Philipp Roesch ◽  
Christian Vogel ◽  
Franz-Georg Simon
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Decomposition Reactions ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

Over the past two decades, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have emerged as worldwide environmental contaminants, calling out for sophisticated treatment, decomposition and remediation strategies. In order to mineralize PFAS pollutants, the incineration of contaminated material is a state-of-the-art process, but more cost-effective and sustainable technologies are inevitable for the future. Within this review, various methods for the reductive defluorination of PFASs were inspected. In addition to this, the role of mechanochemistry is highlighted with regard to its major potential in reductive defluorination reactions and degradation of pollutants. In order to get a comprehensive understanding of the involved reactions, their mechanistic pathways are pointed out. Comparisons between existing PFAS decomposition reactions and reductive approaches are discussed in detail, regarding their applicability in possible remediation processes. This article provides a solid overview of the most recent research methods and offers guidelines for future research directions.

scholarly journals Innovative Hurdle Technologies for the Preservation of Functional Fruit Juices

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Putnik ◽  
Branimir Pavlić ◽  
Branislav Šojić ◽  
Sandra Zavadlav ◽  
Irena Žuntar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Hurdle Technology

Functional nutrition, which includes the consumption of fruit juices, has become the field of interest for those seeking a healthy lifestyle. Functional nutrition is also of great interest to the food industry, with the aims of improving human health and providing economic prosperity in a sustainable manner. The functional food sector is the most profitable part of the food industry, with a fast-growing market resulting from new sociodemographic trends (e.g., longer life expectancy, higher standard of living, better health care), which often includes sustainable concepts of food production. Therefore, the demand for hurdle technology in the food industry is growing, along with the consumption of minimally processed foods, not only because this approach inactivates microorganisms in food, but because it can also prolong the shelf life of food products. To preserve food products such as fruit juices, the hurdle technology approach often uses non-thermal methods as alternatives to pasteurization, which can cause a decrease in the nutritional value and quality of the food. Non-thermal technologies are often combined with different hurdles, such as antimicrobial additives, thermal treatment, and ultraviolet or pulsed light, to achieve synergistic effects and overall quality improvements in (functional) juices. Hence, hurdle technology could be a promising approach for the preservation of fruit juices due to its efficiency and low impact on juice quality and characteristics, although all processing parameters still require optimization.

Venezuela's Social-Based Democratic Model: Innovations and Limitations

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVE ELLNER
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The State ◽  
Job Skills ◽  
The Past ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Socialist Government

AbstractUnder the Chávez government, the incorporation and participation of popular sectors, which is the essence of ‘social-based democracy’, has been quantitatively and qualitatively different from socialist government and welfare-state strategies of the past. Venezuela's social-based democracy focuses on education, job skills, ideology, transformation of values and empowerment, achievements which Chavista leaders consider to be imperatives for socialist development. However, Chavista social programmes have been undermined by institutional weakness, are sometimes not cost-effective, and are politicised. Conflicting views among the Chavistas on the role of the state hinge on the issue of whether initiatives from above in favour of social-based democracy represent a viable strategy for far-reaching change. The Venezuelan government's changing priorities after 2007 have detracted from the primacy of social programmes.

On Future Directions in Pathology

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Diagnostic Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Many

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.

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