scholarly journals Evaluation of the Enzyme Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Entada spiralis Stem Bark and Isolation of the Active Constituents

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Roheem ◽  
Siti Mat Soad ◽  
Qamar Ahmed ◽  
Syed Ali Shah ◽  
Jalifah Latip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Β Carotene

Digestive enzymes and free radical inhibitors are used to prevent complications resulting from diabetes. Entada spiralis (family Leguminosae), which is a well-known medicinal plant in herbal medicine due to its various traditional and medicinal applications, was studied. Crude extracts were successively obtained from the stem bark using petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol as extracting solvents. The antioxidant activity of all the extracts, fractions and isolated compounds were estimated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene and 2,2′-azinobis(-3-ethylbenzothiazine-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays, while digestive enzymes inhibitory activity was assessed using α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory methods. Structure elucidation of pure compounds was achieved through different spectroscopic analysis methods. Fractionation and purification of the most active methanol extract resulted in the isolation of a ferulic ester namely; (e)-hexyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) acrylate (FEQ-2) together with five known phenolic constituents, identified as kaempferol (FEQ-3), 5,4′-dihydroxy-3,7,3′-trimethoxyflavone (FEQ-2), gallic acid (FEQ-5), (+)-catechin (FEQ-7) and (−)-epicatechin (FEQ-8). FEQ-5 exhibited the strongest antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities followed by FEQ-3 and FEQ-4. FEQ-2 also displayed potent free radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 13.79 ± 2.13 (DPPH) and 4.69 ± 1.25 (ABTS) µg/mL, respectively. All other compounds were found active either against free radicals or digestive enzymes.

Study of antioxidant potential in leaves, stems, nuts of Juglans regia L.

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Raja* ◽  
Ivvala Anand Shaker ◽  
Inampudi Sailaja ◽  
R. Swaminathan ◽  
S. Saleem Basha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Radical Damage

Natural antioxidants can protect the human body from free radicals and retard the progress of many chronic diseases as well as lipid oxidative rancidity in foods. The role of antioxidants has protected effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Primary sources of naturally occurring antioxidants are known as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Several studies suggest that regular consumption of nuts, mostly walnuts, may have beneficial effects against oxidative stress mediated diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The role of antioxidants has attracted much interest with respect to their protective effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Juglans regia L. (walnut) contains antioxidant compounds, which are thought to contribute to their biological properties. Polyphenols, flavonoids and flavonols concentrations and antioxidant activity of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. as evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, Nitric acid, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation and total oxidation activity were determined. The antioxidant activities of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. were concentration dependent in different experimental models and it was observed that free radicals were scavenged by the test compounds in all the models.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities and Total Phenolic Content of Four Indonesian Medicinal Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waras Nurcholis ◽  
Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto ◽  
Edy Djauhari Purwakusumah ◽  
Takeshi Katayama ◽  
Toshisada Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The crude ethanol extracts of four Indonesian medicinal plants namely Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.,Phyllanthus niruri Linn., Andrographis paniculata Ness., and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. wereexamined for their antioxidant (radical scavenging) activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical and cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). The total phenoliccontent was used the Folin-Ciocalteu method. IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging activityranged from 14.5 to 178.5 μg/ml, with P. niruri having the lowest value and therefore the mostpotent, and C. aeruginosa having the highest value. LC50 values for BSLT ranged from 210.3 to593.2 μg/ml, with C. xanthorrhiza and A. paniculata having the lowest and highest values,respectively. The total phenolic content of the Indonesian plants ranged from 133.0 ±3.7 to863.3±54.7 mg tannic acid equivalent per 1 g extract, with C. aeruginosa and P. niruri having thelowest and highest values, respectively. A positive correlation between free radical scavengingactivity and the content of phenolic compounds was found in the four of Indonesian medicinal plants.

scholarly journals Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of Novel-{4, 5-(substituted diphenyl)-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-ylthio} Acetyl Chloride

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Kumar VERMA ◽  
Mukesh KUMAR ◽  
Nelam MALIK ◽  
Priyanka DHIMAN ◽  
Anurag KHATAHAR
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Acetyl Chloride ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Standard Drug

A series of 20 new biologically active derivatives of 2-{4, 5-(substituted diphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio}acetyl chloride has been synthesized, with the aim to investigate antimicrobial, free radical scavenging activity. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic data and elemental analysis. The final compounds were tested for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 3160, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441; Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli MTCC 443, and, for antifungal activity, against Candida albicans MTCC 227 and Aspergillus niger MTCC 281, taking ciprofloxacin as antibacterial and fluconazole as antifungal standard drugs. Compound 7a6 was found to be the most effective antibacterial (MIC = 3.12 µg/ml), and compounds 7a2 and 7d1 (MIC = 3.12 and 6.25 µg/ml) had the most effective antifungal effects on the selected strains, as compared to the standard drugs. The results of antioxidant studies revealed that compound 7b1 was found to be most active antioxidant, with 40.4±0.687 µg/ml, and compounds 7b3, 7d7, and 7d4 also showed promising free radical scavenging activity, as compared with the standard drug ascorbic acid.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) imbach from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Muhammad Akbar ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Test Plant

In the present study, antibacterial and antioxidant (DPPH free radical scavenging activity) activity of an edible mushroom, Agaricus bisporus collected from Pakistan was investigated. In antibacterial assays, nhexane showed 4.83, 3.33, 16 and 3.33 mm inhibition zone diameter (IZD), chloroform showed 6.33, 16.17, 17 and 1.67 mm (IZD) while, ethyl acetate exhibited 30, 20, 19 and 28.67 mm (IZD) against four test plant pathogenic bacteria viz., Pseudomonas syringae Van Hall, Ralstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al. Xanthomonas axonopodis Dowson and Erwinia carotovora (Jones) Waldee, at 100 mg/ml concentration. Optical density (OD) was recorded at 517 nm. n-hexane extract showed 60.73, 47.6 and 33.05%, chloroform showed 89.97, 82.91 and 77.68% whereas, ethyl acetate exhibited 89.83, 65.82 and 23.59% free radical effects as compared to control. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis showed the highest concentration of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.

Comparative Real Time EPR Investigation of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants: As Potential Anticancer Agents and Radio-protectors

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Yanka Karamalakova ◽  
Galina Nikolova ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Arora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidants ◽  
Anticancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

<p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the free-radical scavenging activity against DPPH stable radical and protective properties of the natural products SQGD and P. corylifolia and synthetic nitroxyl- free radical containing nitrosoureas SLENU and SLCNUgly against in vivo oxidative toxicity of antitumor drug CCNU. It was found statistically significant increase in the DPPH radical-scavenging capacity of both extracts with increase of radiation. The natural antioxidants were localised mainly in the organs and blood after EPR biodistribution study. All combinations of natural extracts/ synthetics agents exhibited considerably lower levels of Asc. radicals as compared to controls. It should be mentioned that the natural antioxidants possess higher oxidative protection in comparison with the synthetic antioxidants. Considerable decrease in ROS production in livers of mice was found after treatment with SQGD, P. corylifolia and SLENU, alone, compared to controls.In conclusion, because of well-expressed antioxidant activities of natural and synthetic antioxidants they might be used in the combination anticancer chemotherapy for reducing toxicity caused by anticancer drugs and/or low levels radiation therapy.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Free Radical Scavenging Activity in Ethanolic Extract from Promising Accessions of Curcuma aeruginosa RoxB.

Molekul ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waras Nurcholis ◽  
Nurul Khumaida ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Maria Bintang
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Ic50 Values

This study evaluated the free radical scavenging activity in ethanolic extracts from 20 accessions of Curcuma aeruginosa. The radical scavenging activity of the extract accessions was investigated with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 89.81 to 505.65 µg mL-1. Based on IC50 values, twenty accessions of C. aeruginosa can be divided into three groups: strong (two accessions); moderate (seventeen accessions); and low (one accession) of DPPH scavenger. Sukoharjo (SH) and Muara Bungo (MB) showed promising accessions for antioxidant potential, thus these accessions important to selection for future breeding program in pharmaceutical products.

scholarly journals Analysis of Chemical Composition and Assessment of Cytotoxic, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil of Meriandra dianthera Growing in Saudi Arabia

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi A. Mothana ◽  
Fahd A. Nasr ◽  
Jamal M. Khaled ◽  
Mohammed AL-Zharani ◽  
Omar M. Noman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Mcf 7

The essential oil of Meriandra dianthera (Konig ex Roxb.) Benth. (Synonym: Meriandra bengalensis, Lamiaceae) collected from Saudi Arabia was studied utilizing GC and GC/MS. Forty four constituents were identified, representing 96.8% of the total oil. The M. dianthera essential oil (MDEO) was characterized by a high content of oxygenated monoterpenes (76.2%). Camphor (54.3%) was the major compound in MDEO followed by 1,8-cineole (12.2%) and camphene (10.4%). Moreover, MDEO was assessed for its cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. MDEO demonstrated an interesting cytotoxic activity against all cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 83.6 to 91.2 μg/mL, especially against MCF-7 cancer cells. Using labeling with annexin VFITC and/or propidium iodide (PI) dyes and flow cytometer analysis, the apoptosis induction was quantitatively confirmed for MCF-7 cells. The MDEO exhibited a considerable antimicrobial activity against all bacterial and fungal strains with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)-values of 0.07 to 1.25 mg/mL. The most sensitive microbial strain was Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 0.07 mg/mL). Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) or minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values were determined one time higher than that of MIC’s. Additionally, the MDEO revealed a strong activity for reducing β-carotene bleaching with a total antioxidant value of 72.6% and significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity (78.4%) at the concentration 1000 μg/mL.

Synthesis, Characterization, Free-radical Scavenging Capacity and Antioxidant Activity of Novel Series of Hydrazone, 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,2,4- triazole Derived from 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 712-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Karrouchi ◽  
Saad Fettach ◽  
Smaail Radi ◽  
El bekkaye Yousfi ◽  
Jamal Taoufik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Ic50 Values

Background: Pyrazole is an important class of heterocyclic compound, has been shown to exhibit diverse biological and pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, etc. Methods: In this study, a series of novel 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole derivatives containing hydrazine 4a-l have been synthesized via the reaction of the 2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetohydrazide. All synthesized compounds have been tested for their in vitro antioxidant activities via utilization of 1,1-biphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as a free radical scavenging reagent. Results: The data reported herein indicates that compound 4k showed potential radical scavenging capacity and compounds 4f and 4g exhibited best activity for the iron binding while comparing with positive controls. Conclusion: Good activity was noted for some compounds. In particular, compound 4k showed the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 22.79 ± 3.64 and 1.35 ± 0.66 μg/mL in the DPPH and ABTS tests, respectively.

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