scholarly journals Targeted Metabolite Profiling-Based Identification of Antifungal 5-n-Alkylresorcinols Occurring in Different Cereals against Fusarium oxysporum

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Marentes-Culma ◽  
Luisa Orduz-Díaz ◽  
Ericsson Coy-Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Micro Scale

A rapid and convenient biochemometrics-based analysis of several cereal-derived extracts was used to identify n-alkyl(enyl)resorcinols (AR) as antifungals against Fusarium oxysporum. Total AR content and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based profiles were recorded for each extract, in addition to their antifungal activity, to help integrate these chemical and biological datasets by orthogonal partial least squares regression. In this study, we developed and used a micro-scale amended medium (MSAM) assay to evaluate the in vitro mycelial growth inhibition at low amounts of extracts. Triticale husk-derived extracts had the highest AR content (662.1 µg olivetol equivalent/g dry extract), exhibiting >79% inhibition at the highest doses (10.0–1.0 µg/µL). Correlation of the chemical and antifungal datasets using supervised metabolite profiling revealed that 5-n-nonadecanylresorcinol, 5-n-heneicosylresorcinol, and 5-n-tricosyl-resorcinol were the most active ARs occurring in cereal products from Colombia. Hence, we propose the biochemometrics-based approach as a useful tool for identifying AR-like antifungals against F. oxysporum.

scholarly journals In vitro antifungal potential of plant extracts against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramaraju Cherkupally ◽  
Srinivasa Reddy Kota ◽  
Hindumathi Amballa ◽  
Bhumi Narasimha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Fungitoxic Effect

The antifungal activity of aqueous extracts of nine plants viz, Azadirachta indica, Parthenium hysterophorus, Momordica charantia, Allium sativum, Eucalyptus globules, Calotropis procera, Aloe vera, Beta vulgaris and Datura stramonium were assessed in vitro against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina, the soil borne phytopathogens. The assessment of fungitoxic effect was carried out by using three different concentrations i.e., 5, 10 and 20% against the test fungi, in terms of percentage of mycelial growth inhibition. The extract of A. sativum completely inhibited the mycelial growth of M. phaseolina at all the concentrations. The extracts of D. stramonium and E. globulus inhibited the mycelial growth of R. solani of 72%, and 70.7% respectively at 20% concentration, that of A. sativum, E. globulus and D. stramonium exhibited inhibition percentage of 63.3%, 61.8% and 61.1% respectively at 20% concentration on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. The application of plant extracts for disease management could be less expensive, easily available, non-polluting and eco-friendly.

scholarly journals Indole-Containing Phytoalexin-Based Bioisosteres as Antifungals: In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation against Fusarium oxysporum

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Andrea Angarita-Rodríguez ◽  
Diego Quiroga ◽  
Ericsson Coy-Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Molecular Mechanic ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Molecular Interaction Fields ◽  
Poisson Boltzmann

There is a continuous search for more reliable and effective alternatives to control phytopathogens through different strategies. In this context, indole-containing phytoalexins are stimuli-induced compounds implicated in plant defense against plant pathogens. However, phytoalexins’ efficacy have been limited by fungal detoxifying mechanisms, thus, the research on bioisosteres-based analogs can be a friendly alternative regarding the control of Fusarium phytopathogens, but there are currently few studies on it. Thus, as part of our research on antifungal agents, a set of 21 synthetic indole-containing phytoalexin analogs were evaluated as inhibitors against the phyopathogen Fusarium oxysporum. Results indicated that analogs of the N,N-dialkylthiourea, N,S-dialkyldithiocarbamate and substituted-1,3-thiazolidin-5-one groups exhibited the best docking scores and interaction profiles within the active site of Fusarium spp. enzymes. Vina scores exhibited correlation with experimental mycelial growth inhibition using supervised statistics, and this antifungal dataset correlated with molecular interaction fields after CoMFA. Compound 24 (tert-butyl (((3-oxo-1,3-diphenylpropyl)thio)carbonothioyl)-l-tryptophanate), a very active analog against F. oxysporum, exhibited the best interaction with lanosterol 14α-demethylase according to molecular docking, molecular dynamics and molecular mechanic/poisson-boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) binding energy performance. After data analyses, information on mycelial growth inhibitors, structural requirements and putative enzyme targets may be used in further antifungal development based on phytoalexin analogs for controlling phytopathogens.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF PLANT EXTRACTS AND FUNGICIDES FOR MANAGING FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SPLYCOPERSICI

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gul B. Poussio ◽  
Manzoor A. Abro ◽  
Jamal U. D. Hajano ◽  
Muhammad I. Khaskheli ◽  
Khalid I. Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
Causal Fungus

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL) is a highly destructive fungal pathogen of tomato crop causing wilt disease which may reduce 10 to 90% yield. In Pakistan, tomato is widely grown in Sindh province, major territories are district Hyderabad, Tando Allahyar and Mirpurkhas. Thus, surveys of these territories were conducted to record intensity of the disease and confirm etiology. Furthermore, potential of different botanical pesticides and commercially available fungicides were tested to inhibit mycelial growth of the causal fungus. The experiment was laid down with complete randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the disease was occurring in all locations with the range of 8-47 % incidence. F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici was predominantly isolated from the collected disease sample during survey and pathogenic nature of the fungus was tested on the tomato Golo variety through soil drenching method. The disease incidence of 30 and 42 % (72 % as total) was recorded in inoculated tomato plants at 20 and 40 DAI, respectively. Maximum (67 %) inhibition of the fungal growth was found by neem seed extracts at higher dose of 8 % concentration followed by 63 % with neem seeds and Eucalyptus at 6 and 8 %, respectively. Alternatively, the Nativo 75 WG fungicide was found most effective in reducing the redial mycelial growth of target fungus followed by Topsin-M at 1000 ppm where as Aliette and Melodedue fungicides were found least effective under in-vitro conditions.

scholarly journals Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract effect on morphology and cellulolytic ability of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e4079119913
Author(s):  
Thiago Anchieta de Melo ◽  
Ilka Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Serra ◽  
Ingrid Tayane Vieira da Silva do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Elongation Process ◽  
Different Doses

This work aimed to verify the effect in vitro, of Ascophyllum nodosum (AN) seaweed extract on the morphology and cellulolytic capacity of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV). Thus, the fungus was placed in contact with different doses of the extract, being these: 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0%. It was verified that the product, with increasing doses, progressively induced mycelial growth of the fungus, as measured by the diameter of the colonies and fresh mass of mycelium grown in PD (potato-dextrose) culture medium. This result was also corroborated by the progressive increase in the activity of the β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase enzymes required during the hypha elongation process. However, the AN extract progressively reduced FOV sporulation with increasing doses. Furthermore, the cellulolytic capacity of the phytopathogen was significantly reduced in the presence of the algae extract, which was measured by the activity of the enzymes endo-β-1,4-glucanase, exo-β-1,4-glucanase and β-glucosidase. Thus, these facts constitute important information for the management of fusariosis, since the inhibition of sporulation and decreasing degradation capacity of the cellulose by the pathogen, can translate into declined disease in compatible host-pathogen interactions.

scholarly journals Eco Friendly Management of Fusarium Wilt of Chickpea with Botanicals and Bio Agents in In-vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
K. L. Nandeesha ◽  
Shalini N. Huilgol ◽  
Geeta D. Goudar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Cassia Tora ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Cent Concentration ◽  
Chickpea Wilt ◽  
Environment Condition

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important pulse crop grown all over India. Chickpea wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri is one of the major disease on chickpea in Northern Karnataka, which is soil and seed borne. Heavy inoculum in the soil and favorable environment condition results in the death of infected plant and therefore total yield loss.In this study, three antagonists, and seven botanicals were studied against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri causing chickpea wilt. In vitro studies found that among the botanicals, turmeric rhizome extract gave maximum per cent inhibition of mycelial growth (26.73%) and least per cent inhibition of mycelial growth (9.96%) was observed in cassia tora at 15 per cent concentration. Among the antagonists, Trichoderma harzianum was effective in per cent inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri with (76.47%) and Pseudomonas fluorescens found least effective in per cent mycelial inhibition with (34.41%).

scholarly journals Evaluation of antifungal activity of sodium salts against onion basal rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Türkkan ◽  
I. Erper
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Basal Rot ◽  
Onion Basal Rot

The efficacy of twelve sodium salts as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides for the control of onion basal rot caused by&nbsp;Fusarium oxysporum&nbsp;f.sp.&nbsp;cepae&nbsp;was evaluated.&nbsp;In vitro&nbsp;tests showed that there were significant differences between the inhibitory effects of sodium salts on the mycelial growth (P&nbsp;&le; 0.05) and 2% (w/v) concentrations of sodium metabisulfite and sodium fluoride completely inhibited mycelial growth of the fungus, while other salts did not. Sodium metabisulfite and sodium phosphate monobasic had lower pH values than the other salts. Unlike sodium metabisulfite, sodium phosphate monobasic could not decrease the mycelial growth. The ED<sub>50</sub>, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values indicated that sodium metabisulfite was more inhibitory to the fungus compared to sodium fluoride. In soil tests, inhibitory effect of sodium metabisulfite on the fungus was higher than that of sodium fluoride, where sodium metabisulfite completely inhibited mycelial growth at even 0.4% concentration.

In Vitro Suppression of Mycelial Growth of Fusarium oxysporum by Extracellular Chitosanase of Sphingobacterium multivorum and Cloning of the Chitosanase Gene csnSM1

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori MATSUDA ◽  
Yuichiro IIDA ◽  
Takeshi SHINOGI ◽  
Koji KAKUTANI ◽  
Teruo NONOMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth
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