scholarly journals Effect of Surface Cleaning Regimen on Glass Ceramic Bond Strength

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Lapinska ◽  
Jacek Rogowski ◽  
Joanna Nowak ◽  
Joseph Nissan ◽  
Jerzy Sokolowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Ceramic Surfaces ◽  
Ceramic Bond ◽  
Cleaning Methods

This study investigated the effect of saliva contamination on chemical changes of ceramic surface as well as the influence of saliva cleaning methods on ceramic-resin bond strength. Saliva was used to contaminate leucite (LGC) and lithium disilicate (LDGC) glass ceramic surfaces. The following cleaning methods were tested: water spray, cleaning with orthophosphoric acid, universal cleaning paste, ultrasonic cleaning with water, re-etching with hydrofluoric acid. Non-contaminated ceramic sample served as control. Chemical analysis of ceramic surfaces was performed using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramics to resin material was tested after 24-hour water storage and after thermocycling. The most effective cleaning method of saliva-contaminated ceramic surface was cleaning LGC surface with orthophosphoric acid or re-etching the LDGC surface with hydrofluoric acid. The application of the following methods resulted in obtaining reliable bond strength.

scholarly journals Silane Heat Treatment Could Eliminate the Hydrofluoric Acid Etching of Lithium Disilicate Overlays: A Four-Year Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Spartak Spasov Yanakiev ◽  
Mirela Borislavova Marinova-Takorova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Dental Adhesive ◽  
Ceramic Bond

A four-year follow-up of a novel silane heat treatment method for bonding lithium disilicate overlays to tooth structures without hydrofluoric acid etching of the ceramic surface is presented in this case report. Silane heat treatment modifies the silane layer and thus enhances resin ceramic bond strength without hydrofluoric acid etching. The standard ceramic preparation technique prior to bonding silicate ceramics to tooth structure is hydrofluoric acid etching and applying a silane coupling agent, followed by dental adhesive. In this case, the micromechanical roughening of the ceramic surface was performed by air abrasion with Al2O3. Silane heat treatment with constant 120°C airflow, applied for 60 sec, followed by dental adhesive application enhanced the resin-ceramic bond strength. After a four-year follow-up, the restorations’ clinical appearance could be defined as excellent/very good according to the FDI clinical criteria for the evaluation of direct and indirect restorations. This clinical result supports many in vitro studies regarding the resin-ceramic bond strength and durability obtained through postsilanization heat treatment.

scholarly journals Effects of different etching methods and bonding procedures on shear bond strength of orthodontic metal brackets applied to different CAD/CAM ceramic materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kutalmış Buyuk ◽  
Ahmet Serkan Kucukekenci
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Ceramic Surfaces ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Hybrid Ceramic

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic metal brackets applied to different types of ceramic surfaces treated with different etching procedures and bonding agents. Materials and Methods: Monolithic CAD/CAM ceramic specimens (N = 120; n = 40 each group) of feldspathic ceramic Vita Mark II, resin nanoceramic Lava Ultimate, and hybrid ceramic Vita Enamic were fabricated (14 × 12 × 3 mm). Ceramic specimens were separated into four subgroups (n = 10) according to type of surface treatment and bonding onto the ceramic surface. Within each group, four subgroups were prepared by phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, Transbond XT primer, and Clearfill Ceramic primer. Mandibular central incisor metal brackets were bonded with light-cure composite. The SBS data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD tests. Results: The highest SBS was found in the Vita Enamic group, which is a hybrid ceramic, etched with hydrofluoric acid and applied Transbond XT Adhesive primer (7.28 ± 2.49 MPa). The lowest SBS was found in the Lava Ultimate group, which is a resin nano-ceramic etched with hydrofluoric acid and applied Clearfill ceramic primer (2.20 ± 1.21 MPa). Conclusions: CAD/CAM material types and bonding procedures affected bond strength (P < .05), but the etching procedure did not (P > .05). The use of Transbond XT as a primer bonding agent resulted in higher SBS.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Metal Brackets Bonded to Porcelain Surface using Different Surface Conditioning Methods: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
PV Girish ◽  
Uma Dinesh ◽  
CS Ramachandra Bhat ◽  
Pradeep Chandra Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Bond Failure ◽  
Surface Conditioning ◽  
Ceramic Surfaces

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of metal brackets bonded to ceramic surfaces using different conditioning methods and to assess the site of bond failure after debonding. Materials and methods A total of 70 ceramic surfaces were produced with uniform shape, size and composition. The samples were divided into 7 groups (each of 10 samples). Group 1 was the control group (untreated surface); in group 2 the surface were roughened with a diamond bur; in group 3 the surface were etched with hydrofluoric acid; in group 4 the surfaces were sandblasted; in group 5 the surfaces roughened with bur and silane applied; in group 6 the surfaces were etched with hydrofluoric acid and silane applied and in group 7 the surfaces were sandblasted and silane applied. To all the above groups, metal orthodontic brackets were bonded with light cure adhesive. The brackets were later stored in artificial saliva and incubated at 37°C (24 hours). The samples were then subjected to shear bond strength test using an Instron universal testing machine. The debonded porcelain surfaces were then studied under stereomicroscope to assess site of bond failure. Results Sandblasting the ceramic surface and silane application showed the highest bond strength. Stereomicroscope examination after debonding showed that the bond failure is at bracket-adhesive interface in four groups namely hydrofluoric acid, sandblasting, hydrofluoric acid with silane and sandblasting with silane. Conclusion Sandblasting with silane combination produced the highest shear bond strength, so it is a clinically suitable method for bonding orthodontic metal brackets onto ceramic surface. Clinical relevance Bonding orthodontic brackets to ceramic crowns of patients has been a tough task. In this study, different conditioning methods were used to treat the ceramic surfaces before bonding. The results showed that sandblasting the ceramic surface prior to application of silane produced the highest shear bond strength which is clinically suitable to reduce bond failures. How to cite this article Girish PV, Dinesh U, Bhat CSR, Shetty PC. Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Metal Brackets Bonded to Porcelain Surface using Different Surface Conditioning Methods: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):487-493.

scholarly journals Silanated Surface Treatment: Effects on the Bond Strength to Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramic

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Schaffer Pugsley Baratto ◽  
Denis Roberto Falcão Spina ◽  
Carla Castiglia Gonzaga ◽  
Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha ◽  
Adilson Yoshio Furuse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Ceramic Bond ◽  
Bond Strengths

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silanization protocols on the bond strength of two resin cements to a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. Thirty-two ceramic discs were assigned to 2 groups (n=16): G1 - dual-cured resin cement and G2 - light-cured resin cement. Four subgroups were evaluated according to the used silanization protocol. The glass-ceramic was etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 s and silane was applied for 1 min, as follows: CTL - according to the manufacturer's instructions; HA - dried with hot air; NWA - washed and dried with water and air at room temperature; HWA - washed and dried with hot water and hot air. Thereafter, adhesive was applied and light-cured for 20 s. Silicon molds were used to prepare resin cement cylinders (1x1 mm) on the ceramic surface. The specimens were stored in deionized water at 37 °C for 48 h and subjected to a micro-shear test. The data were submitted to statistical analysis (?#61537;=0.05). Group G1 showed higher bond strengths than G2, except for the CTL and NWA subgroups. Differences as function of the silanization protocol were only observed in G1: HWA (25.13±6.83)≥HA (22.95±7.78)≥CTL(17.44±7.24) ≥NWA(14.63±8.76). For G2 there was no difference among the subgroups. In conclusion, the silanization protocol affected the resin cement/ceramic bond strengths, depending on the material. Washing/drying with hot water and/or hot air increased only the bond strength of the dual-cured resin cement.

scholarly journals Effect of etching with different hydrofluoric acid concentrations on bond strength between glazed feldspathic ceramic and metal brackets

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Cristiane Frantz Arend ◽  
André Gundel ◽  
Renésio Armindo Grehs ◽  
Vilmar Antônio Ferrazzo ◽  
Luiz Felipe Valandro
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Ceramic Surfaces ◽  
Angle Data ◽  
Significant Difference

<p><strong>Objective – </strong>The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of etching with different hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentrations on the shear bond strength between glazed feldspathic ceramic and metal brackets. <strong>Materials and Methods</strong> – Seventy-five blocks of glazed feldspathic ceramic were produced and randomly allocated to 5 groups: <strong>Ctrl-</strong> silane application only; <strong>HF1-</strong> HF1%+silane; <strong>HF3- </strong>HF3%+silane; <strong>HF5-</strong> HF5%+silane; <strong>HF10-</strong> HF10%+silane (standard procedures:  etching for 1 min + washing + drying + silanization). Metal brackets for upper central incisors (Edgewise Standard) were bonded on the ceramic surface with the use of an adhesive system and light-cured composite resin (Transbond<sup>TM</sup> XT, 3M). The specimens were aged for 60 days (thermocycling: 10000x at 5-55 °C; stored in distilled water at 37 °C). Shear testing was performed, and specimens were classified for their Adhesive-Remnant-Index (ARI). Topographical inspection and contact angle analysis of the etched ceramic surfaces were performed. Data were statistically analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s tests were applied to the contact angle data (p &lt; 0.05). <strong>Results</strong> – No significant difference was detected between the shear bond strength of the groups; but surface etching had a significant influence on the contact angle results (p &lt; 0.00001). The control group presented the highest mean contact angle (61.8 ± 17.2°). All specimens showed adhesive failure at the resin-ceramic interface. <strong>Conclusion –</strong> The tested HF concentrations did not significantly influence the obtained shear bond strength of metal brackets adhered to glazed feldspathic ceramic surfaces.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Ceramics; Hydrofluoric acid; Adhesion; Brackets; Silanization.</p>

Effects of Surface Treatments, Thermocycling, and Cyclic Loading on the Bond Strength of a Resin Cement Bonded to a Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
GB Guarda ◽  
AB Correr ◽  
LS Gonçalves ◽  
AR Costa ◽  
GA Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Ceramic Blocks

SUMMARY Objectives The aim of this present study was to investigate the effect of two surface treatments, fatigue and thermocycling, on the microtensile bond strength of a newly introduced lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) and a dual-cured resin cement. Methods A total of 18 ceramic blocks (10 mm long × 7 mm wide × 3.0 mm thick) were fabricated and divided into six groups (n=3): groups 1, 2, and 3—air particle abraded for five seconds with 50-μm aluminum oxide particles; groups 4, 5, and 6—acid etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 seconds. A silane coupling agent was applied onto all specimens and allowed to dry for five seconds, and the ceramic blocks were bonded to a block of composite Tetric N-Ceram (Ivoclar Vivadent) with RelyX ARC (3M ESPE) resin cement and placed under a 500-g static load for two minutes. The cement excess was removed with a disposable microbrush, and four periods of light activation for 40 seconds each were performed at right angles using an LED curing unit (UltraLume LED 5, Ultradent) with a final 40 second light exposure from the top surface. All of the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. Groups 2 and 5 were submitted to 3,000 thermal cycles between 5°C and 55°C, and groups 3 and 6 were submitted to a fatigue test of 100,000 cycles at 2 Hz. Specimens were sectioned perpendicular to the bonding area to obtain beams with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm2 (30 beams per group) and submitted to a microtensile bond strength test in a testing machine (EZ Test) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test (p≤0.05). Results The microtensile bond strength values (MPa) were 26.9 ± 6.9, 22.2 ± 7.8, and 21.2 ± 9.1 for groups 1–3 and 35.0 ± 9.6, 24.3 ± 8.9, and 23.9 ± 6.3 for groups 4–6. For the control group, fatigue testing and thermocycling produced a predominance of adhesive failures. Fatigue and thermocycling significantly decreased the microtensile bond strength for both ceramic surface treatments when compared with the control groups. Etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid significantly increased the microtensile bond strength for the control group.

Effect of Acid Neutralization and Mechanical Cycling on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Glass-ceramic Inlays

10.2341/08-68 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Saavedra ◽  
E. K. Ariki ◽  
C. D. Federico ◽  
G. Galhano ◽  
S. Zamboni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Acid Neutralization ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Ceramic Inlays ◽  
Mechanical Cycling

Clinical Relevance Acid neutralization of the ceramic surface etched with hydrofluoric acid appears to be unnecessary.

scholarly journals Laser Use in Creating Orthodontic Adhesion to Ceramic Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2512
Author(s):  
Anca Labunet ◽  
Andreea Kui ◽  
Sorina Sava
Keyword(s):  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Ti:Sapphire Lasers ◽  
Ceramic Surfaces ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Ceramic Crowns

Orthodontists must sometimes bond attachments to ceramic crowns, by using one of the surface preparations available, such as sandblasting or acid etching with hydrofluoric acid. Research shows that different laser systems may also be used for this purpose. The aim of this review is to determine which laser type and modality of use is the most effective in increasing shear bond strength of brackets bonded to ceramic surfaces. Two independent researchers studied the current literature 1990–2018 and selected original articles focusing on in vitro research on laser use for ceramic surface preparation for bonding metallic or ceramic attachments. Twelve articles have met the criteria and have been thoroughly revised, focusing on 2 fractional, Nd:Yag, Er:Yag, femtosecond and Ti:Sapphire lasers. There is little difference shown by the current studies between ceramic types and information on orthodontic bonding to non-feldspathic ceramics is scarce. Femtosecond laser is a good alternative to classical surface preparation with hydrofluoric acid. Nd:Yag laser is more suitable for surface preparation of ceramics than different types of Er:Yag lasers. Difference in laser power may achieve different results, but the golden standard for lasers use has not been found. Laser usage does not obtain the same results as hydrofluoric acid and cannot, so far, eliminate its application.

scholarly journals Four chemical methods of porcelain conditioning and their influence over bond strength and surface integrity

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Paulo Fragomeni Stella ◽  
Andrea Becker Oliveira ◽  
Lincoln Issamu Nojima ◽  
Mariana Marquezan
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Surface Conditioning ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Etching

OBJECTIVE: To assess four different chemical surface conditioning methods for ceramic material before bracket bonding, and their impact on shear bond strength and surface integrity at debonding.METHODS: Four experimental groups (n = 13) were set up according to the ceramic conditioning method: G1 = 37% phosphoric acid etching followed by silane application; G2 = 37% liquid phosphoric acid etching, no rinsing, followed by silane application; G3 = 10% hydrofluoric acid etching alone; and G4 = 10% hydrofluoric acid etching followed by silane application. After surface conditioning, metal brackets were bonded to porcelain by means of the Transbond XP system (3M Unitek). Samples were submitted to shear bond strength tests in a universal testing machine and the surfaces were later assessed with a microscope under 8 X magnification. ANOVA/Tukey tests were performed to establish the difference between groups (α= 5%).RESULTS: The highest shear bond strength values were found in groups G3 and G4 (22.01 ± 2.15 MPa and 22.83 ± 3.32 Mpa, respectively), followed by G1 (16.42 ± 3.61 MPa) and G2 (9.29 ± 1.95 MPa). As regards surface evaluation after bracket debonding, the use of liquid phosphoric acid followed by silane application (G2) produced the least damage to porcelain. When hydrofluoric acid and silane were applied, the risk of ceramic fracture increased.CONCLUSIONS: Acceptable levels of bond strength for clinical use were reached by all methods tested; however, liquid phosphoric acid etching followed by silane application (G2) resulted in the least damage to the ceramic surface.

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