scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiwa Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Botanical Drug ◽  
Herbal Medicinal

Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (PF) is an annual herbal medicinal, aromatic, functional food, and ornamental plant that belongs to the mint family, Lamiaceae. The origin of perilla traces back to East Asian countries (China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam, and India), where it has been used as a valuable source of culinary and traditional medicinal uses. The leaves, seeds, and stems of P. frutescens are used for various therapeutic applications in folk medicine. In the absence of a comprehensive review regarding all aspects of perilla, this review aims to present an overview pertaining to the botanical drug, ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and biological activity. It was found that the taxonomic classification of perilla species is quite confused, and the number of species is vague. Perilla has traditionally been prescribed to treat depression-related disease, anxiety, asthma, chest stuffiness, vomiting, coughs, colds, flus, phlegm, tumors, allergies, intoxication, fever, headache, stuffy nose, constipation, abdominal pain, and indigestion, and acts as an analgesic, anti-abortive agent, and a sedative. Until now, 271 natural molecules have been identified in perilla organs including phenolic acids, flavonoids, essential oils, triterpenes, carotenoids, phytosterols, fatty acids, tocopherols, and policosanols. In addition to solvent extracts, these individual compounds (rosmarinic acid, perillaldehyde, luteolin, apigenin, tormentic acid, and isoegomaketone) have attracted researchers’ interest for its pharmacological properties. Perilla showed various biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotection effects. Although the results are promising in preclinical studies (in vitro and in vivo), clinical studies are insufficient; therefore, further study needs to be done to validate its therapeutic effects and to ensure its safety and efficacy.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiwa M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Botanical Drug ◽  
Herbal Medicinal

Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (PF) is an annual herbal medicinal, aromatic, functional food and ornamental plant that belongs to the mint family, Lamiaceae. The origin of perilla traces back to East Asian countries (China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and India), where it has been used as a valuable source of culinary and traditional medicinal uses. Leaves, seeds and stems of P. frutescens are used for various therapeutic applications in folk medicine. In the absence of comprehensive review regarding all aspects of perilla, thus this review aims to present an overview pertaining to the botanical drug, ethnobotany, phytochemistry and biological activity. It was found that the taxonomic classification of perilla species is quite confused, and the number of species is vague. Perilla has traditionally been prescribed to treat depression-related disease, anxiety, asthma, chest stuffiness, vomiting, cough, cold, flus, phlegm, tumour, allergy, intoxication, fever, headache, stuffy nose, constipation, abdominal pain, indigestion, analgesic, anti-abortive agent, and sedative. Until now, 271 natural molecules have been identified in perilla organs including; polyphenols, flavonoids, essential oils, triterpenes, carotenoids, phytosterols, fatty acids, tocopherols and policosanols. In addition to solvent extracts, these individual compounds (rosmarinic acid, perillaldehyde, luteolin, apigenin, tormentic acid, isoegomaketone) have attracted researchers' interest for pharmacological properties. Its bioactivity showed antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotection activity. Although the results are promising in preclinical studies (in vitro and in vivo) as well, clinical studies are insufficient, therefore further study needs to be done to validate its therapeutic effects and to ensure its safety and efficacy.

scholarly journals Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Current Knowledge and Future Opportunities

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2506
Author(s):  
Wamidh H. Talib ◽  
Ahmad Riyad Alsayed ◽  
Alaa Abuawad ◽  
Safa Daoud ◽  
Asma Ismail Mahmod
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cell Proliferation Inhibition ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Solid Foundation

Melatonin is a pleotropic molecule with numerous biological activities. Epidemiological and experimental studies have documented that melatonin could inhibit different types of cancer in vitro and in vivo. Results showed the involvement of melatonin in different anticancer mechanisms including apoptosis induction, cell proliferation inhibition, reduction in tumor growth and metastases, reduction in the side effects associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, decreasing drug resistance in cancer therapy, and augmentation of the therapeutic effects of conventional anticancer therapies. Clinical trials revealed that melatonin is an effective adjuvant drug to all conventional therapies. This review summarized melatonin biosynthesis, availability from natural sources, metabolism, bioavailability, anticancer mechanisms of melatonin, its use in clinical trials, and pharmaceutical formulation. Studies discussed in this review will provide a solid foundation for researchers and physicians to design and develop new therapies to treat and prevent cancer using melatonin.

scholarly journals Antileishmanial Effect of 5,3′-Hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanone ofPicramnia gracilisTul. (Picramniaceae) Fruit:In VitroandIn VivoStudies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. Robledo ◽  
Wilson Cardona ◽  
Karen Ligardo ◽  
Jéssica Henao ◽  
Natalia Arbeláez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Leishmanicidal Activity ◽  
Antileishmanial Drug ◽  
Low Toxicity

Species ofPicramniagenus are used in folk medicine to treat or prevent skin disorders, but only few species have been studied for biological activity and chemical composition.P. gracilisTul. is a native species from Central and South America and although its fruits are edible, phytochemical analysis or medicinal uses of this species are not known. In the search of candidates to antileishmanial drugs, this work aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial activity ofP. gracilisTul. inin vitroandin vivostudies. Only ethanolic extract of fruits showed leishmanicidal activity. The majoritarian metabolite was5,3′-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanoneether that exhibited high activity againstL. (V.) panamensis(EC5017.0 + 2.8 mg/mL, 53.7 μM) and low toxicity on mammalian U-937 cells, with an index of selectivity >11.8.In vivostudies showed that the flavanone administered in solution (2 mg/kg/day) or cream (2%) induces clinical improvement and no toxicity in hamsters with CL. In conclusion, this is the first report about isolation of5,3′-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanoneofP. gracilisTul. The leishmanicidal activity attributed to this flavanone is also reported for the first time. Finally, thein vitroandin vivoleishmanicidal activity reported here for5,3′-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanoneoffers a greater prospect towards antileishmanial drug discovery and development.

scholarly journals The therapeutic effects of Agrimonia eupatoria L.

2020 ◽  
pp. S555-S571
Author(s):  
Z Paluch ◽  
L Biriczová ◽  
G Pallag ◽  
E Carvalheiro Marques ◽  
N Vargová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Rosaceae Family

Agrimonia eupatoria L. is an herb of the Rosaceae family, widely used in traditional (folk) medicine for its beneficial effects. Its water extracts (infusions and decoctions) are used in the treatment of airway and urinary system diseases, digestive tract diseases, and chronic wounds. Phytochemical analyses of Agrimonia eupatoria L. identified a variety of bioactive compounds including tannins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoids and volatile oils possessing antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities. The authors review the available literature sources examining and discussing the therapeutic and pharmacological effects of Agrimonia eupatoria L. at the molecular level in vitro and in vivo.

scholarly journals Hydroxytyrosol, Tyrosol and Derivatives and Their Potential Effects on Human Health

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Karković Marković ◽  
Jelena Torić ◽  
Monika Barbarić ◽  
Cvijeta Jakobušić Brala
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Endocrine Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
A Minor

The Mediterranean diet and olive oil as its quintessential part are almost synonymous with a healthy way of eating and living nowadays. This kind of diet has been highly appreciated and is widely recognized for being associated with many favorable effects, such as reduced incidence of different chronic diseases and prolonged longevity. Although olive oil polyphenols present a minor fraction in the composition of olive oil, they seem to be of great importance when it comes to the health benefits, and interest in their biological and potential therapeutic effects is huge. There is a growing body of in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as intervention-based clinical trials, revealing new aspects of already known and many new, previously unknown activities and health effects of these compounds. This review summarizes recent findings regarding biological activities, metabolism and bioavailability of the major olive oil phenolic compounds—hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein, oleocanthal and oleacein—the most important being their antiatherogenic, cardioprotective, anticancer, neuroprotective and endocrine effects. The evidence presented in the review concludes that these phenolic compounds have great pharmacological potential, however, further studies are still required.

scholarly journals Lamium Plants—A Comprehensive Review on Health Benefits and Biological Activities

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahare Salehi ◽  
Lorene Armstrong ◽  
Antonio Rescigno ◽  
Balakyz Yeskaliyeva ◽  
Gulnaz Seitimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Therapy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Cytoprotective Activity

This work is an updated snapshot of Lamium plants and their biological activities. The main features of the plant are described and the components of its essential oils are summarized. The traditional medicinal uses of Lamium plants has been reported. The presence of these chemicals i.e., hydroxycinnamic acids, iridoids, secoiridoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenylpropanoids, phytoecdysteroids, benzoxazinoids, betaine can provide biological activities. After the discussion of antioxidant properties documented for Lamium plants, the biological activities, studied using in vitro models, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive activity, and pain therapy and cytotoxicity and cytoprotective activity are here described and discussed. Finally, targeted examples of in vivo studies are reported.

scholarly journals The phytochemistry and biological aspects of Caryocaraceae family

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ascari ◽  
J.A. Takahashi ◽  
M.A.D. Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Oil Source ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The Caryocaraceae family is constituted of 25 species distributed in two genera (Caryocar and Anthodiscus). Plants of this family have been used in several phytochemical studies for isolation and characterization of chemical compounds. Some of these studies evaluated in vitro and in vivo biological activities of extracts and pure substances isolated from plants of this family. Nine species of Anthodiscus genus have been described, while no phytochemical study related to them has been reported. On the other hand, Caryocar genus presents 16 species with several medicinal uses like for the treatment of colds and bronchitis, in the prevention of tumours, as a regulating agent of the menstrual flow, to treat ophthalmological problems and for the cure of hematomas and bruises. Some species of this genus were targeted by phytochemical studies and presented, in their composition, the following classes of secondary metabolites: triterpenes, fatty acids, tannins, carotenoids, triterpenic saponins, phenolic coumarins, phenolic glycosides, and others. The fruits of Caryocar species are very nutritive, containing in their composition fibers, proteins, carbohydrates and minerals. Seeds have been widely used as oil source with nutritional and cosmetic value. The biological evaluation of some species was carried out by using relevant biological assays such as: antioxidant, allelopathic and antifungal activities against Biomphalaria glabrata and toxicity on Artemia salina.

Potential Anti-inflammatory Sesquiterpene Lactones from Eupatorium lindleyanum

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Huanhuan Zhong ◽  
Shiqi Fang ◽  
Yunfeng Zheng ◽  
Cunyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Eupatorium lindleyanum has traditionally been used as folk medicine in Asian countries for its therapeutic effects on tracheitis and tonsillitis. Investigation of the anti-inflammatory active constituents from E. lindleyanum led to the isolation of two novel sesquiterpene lactones, named eupalinolide L (1) and eupalinolide M (2), and seven known sesquiterpene lactones (3–9). The structures and configurations of the new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, especially 2D NMR techniques. In vivo experiments showed that the sesquiterpenes fraction significantly reduced mouse ear edema induced by xylene (18.6%, p < 0.05). In in vitro assays, compounds 1–9 showed excellent anti-inflammatory activities, as they lowered TNF-α and IL-6 levels in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells (p < 0.001). The above results suggest that the sesquiterpene lactones from E. lindleyanum can be developed as novel potential natural anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Biomedical Effects of Popular Phytonutrients and Their Phytochemicals: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamixa Delgado ◽  
Céline Cassé ◽  
Yancy Ferrer-Acosta ◽  
Ivette J. Suárez-Arroyo ◽  
José Rodríguez-Zayas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Plant Foods

Phytonutrients are plant foods that contain many natural bioactive compounds, called phytochemicals, which expose specific biological activities. These phytonutrients and their phytochemicals may play an important role in health care maintaining normal organism functions (as preventives) and fighting against diseases (as therapeutics). Phytonutrient&rsquo;s components are the primary metabolites (i.e., proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids) and phytochemicals or secondary metabolites (i.e., phenolics, alkaloids, organosulfides, and terpenes). For years, several phytonutrients and their phytochemicals have demonstrated specific pharmacological and therapeutic effects in human health such as anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and immune response. This review summarizes the effects of the most studied or the most popular phytonutrients (i.e., turmeric, garlic, cinnamon, graviola, and oregano), and any contraindication found. This article also calculated the physicochemical properties of the main phytochemicals in the selected phytonutrients using Lipinski&rsquo;s, Veber&rsquo;s and Ghose&rsquo;s rules. Based on our revisions for this article, all these phytonutrients have consistently shown several in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies with great potential as preventives and therapeutics on many diseases.

scholarly journals Review of Medicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Antidesma laciniatum and A. membranaceum -

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
Alfred Maroyi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activities ◽  
The University

Antidesma laciniatum and A. membranaceum are small trees used as traditional medicines in tropical Africa. This extensive literature review synthesizes the information currently available on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. The university library and electronic search engines such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed were searched for pertinent information on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. Traditionally, the species have been used as aphrodisiac, and traditional medicine for cough, kwashiorkor, mouth ulcers, pneumonia, prevent miscarriage, snakebites, stomachache and wounds. Various phytochemicals such as essential oils, isoflavonoid glycosides, phytosterols, benzopyranones, lignin glucosides, megastigmane, phenolics, steroids, squalene, terpenoids, triterpenoids, and tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids have been isolated from A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. In vitro studies have confirmed the biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum which, include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, leishmanicidal, molluscicidal and cytotoxicity activities. More pharmacological studies including phytochemical, toxicological, in vitro and in vivo experiments are needed to provide evidence for the clinical effectiveness of remedies prepared from the species.

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