scholarly journals Astragaloside IV Promotes Adult Neurogenesis in Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus of Mouse through CXCL1/CXCR2 Signaling

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Huang ◽  
Yunyi Lan ◽  
Liyue Qin ◽  
Huaihuai Dong ◽  
Hailian Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Astragaloside Iv ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Promotive Effect ◽  
Mature Neurons ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro

Astragaloside IV (ASI) has been reported to promote neural stem cells proliferation in vitro and CXCR2 expression on neutrophils. The present study was aimed to investigate the influence of ASI on adult neurogenesis in hippocampal dentate gyrus (DGs) of mouse and to discuss the possible underlying mechanisms. Total number of proliferative cells (BrdU+), pre-mature neurons (DCX+), early proliferative cells (BrdU+/DCX+), proliferative radial gila-like cells (BrdU+/GFAP+) and newly generated neurons (BrdU+/NeuN+) after ASI or vehicle administration for two weeks were counted, respectively. The results showed that BrdU+ cells and DCX+ cells were significantly increased in DGs of mice administered with ASI. The numbers of BrdU+/DCX+, BrdU+/GFAP+ cells and BrdU+/NeuN+ cells were also elevated in the ASI group. Correspondingly, ASI increased the protein expression of hippocampal DCX, GFAP and NeuN. Further study disclosed that ASI remarkably up-regulated the mRNA and protein expressions of CXCL1 as well as that of CXCR2 in the hippocampus. The promotive effect of ASI on DCX, GFAP and NeuN protein expression was abolished by SB225002, the inhibitor of CXCR2. Our results indicated that ASI modulated the homeostasis of the CXCL1/CXCR2 signaling pathway, which might be responsible for the increased neurogenesis within the hippocampal DGs of mice.

scholarly journals CLE-10 from Carpesium abrotanoides L. Suppresses the Growth of Human Breast Cancer Cells (MDA-MB-231) In Vitro by Inducing Apoptosis and Pro-Death Autophagy Via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Tian ◽  
Fan Cheng ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Wen Qin ◽  
Kun Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Background: The antitumor activity of CLE-10 (4-epi-isoinuviscolide), a sesquiterpene lactone compound, isolated from Carpesium abrotanoides L. has rarely been reported. The aim of this study is to investigate the antitumor activity of CLE-10 and give a greater explanation of its underlying mechanisms. Methods: The cytotoxicity of CLE-10 was evaluated using MTT assay. Autophagy was detected by the formation of mRFP-GFP-LC3 fluorescence puncta and observed using transmission electron microscopy, while flow cytometry was employed to detect apoptosis. The protein expressions were detected through Western blotting. Results: CLE-10 induced pro-death autophagy and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells by increasing the protein expression of LC3-II, p-ULK1, Bax, and Bad, as well as downregulating p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR, p62, LC3-I, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xl. CLE-10 that was pretreated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or chloroquine (CQ) weakened the upregulation of the protein expression of p-ULK1, or the downregulation of p62, p-mTOR, and decreased the level of cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells. Meanwhile, rapamycin enhanced the effect of CLE-10 on the expression of autophagy-related protein and its cytotoxicity, with the IC50 value of CLE-10 decreasing from 4.07 µM to 2.38 µM. Conclusion: CLE-10 induced pro-death autophagy and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells by upregulating the protein expressions of LC3-II, p-ULK1, Bax, and Bad and downregulating p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR, p62, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xl.

scholarly journals LncRNA-URHC Functions as a ceRNA to Regulate Danjb9 Expression by Competitively Binding to miR-5007-3p in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
kunwei niu ◽  
Shibin Qu ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Jimin Dai ◽  
Jianlin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro ◽  
Hcc Cells

Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often diagnosed at a late stage, when the prognosis is poor. The regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) plays a crucial role in HCC. However, the precise regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA signaling in HCC remain largely unknown. We study aim to investigate the underlying mechanisms of lncRNA (upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma) URHC in HCC. Methods: RT-qPCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) staining, EdU, colony formation, and tumor xenografts experiments were used to identify localized and biological effects of URHC on HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. The bioinformatics analysis, Dual-luciferase reporter assay, and rescue experiments revealed the potential mechanism of URHC.Results: URHC silencing may inhibit the HCC cells proliferation in vitro and in vivo. We found that URHC was mainly localized in the cytoplasm. The expression of miR-5007-3p was negatively regulated by URHC. And miR-5007-3p could reverse the effect of URHC in HCC cells. The expression of DNAJB9 was negatively regulated by miR-5007-3p but positively regulated by URHC. These suggesting of lncRNA-URHC positively regulated the level of DNAJB9 by sponging miR-5007-3p.Conclusion: Together, our study elucidated the role of URHC as a miRNA sponge in HCC, and shed new light on lncRNA-directed diagnostics and therapeutics in HCC.

scholarly journals LncRNA LINC00998 inhibits the malignant glioma phenotype via the CBX3-mediated c-Met/Akt/mTOR axis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiping Cai ◽  
Yanjiao Yu ◽  
Xiangrong Ni ◽  
Cong Li ◽  
Yuanjun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Akt Inhibitor ◽  
Precision Therapy ◽  
Glioma Cell Proliferation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro ◽  
Glioma Progression

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), once considered to be nonfunctional relics of evolution, are emerging as essential genes in tumor progression. However, the function and underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in glioma remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of LINC00998 in glioma progression. Through screening using TCGA database, we found that LINC00998 was downregulated in glioblastoma tissues and that low expression of LINC00998 was associated with poor prognosis. Overexpression of LINC00998 inhibited glioma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and blocked the G1/S cell cycle transition, which exerted a tumor-suppressive effect on glioma progression. Mechanistically, RNA pull-down and mass spectrometry results showed an interaction between LINC00998 and CBX3. IP assays demonstrated that LINC00998 could stabilize CBX3 and prevent its ubiquitination degradation. GSEA indicated that LINC00998 could regulate the c-Met/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which was further confirmed by a rescue assay using siRNA-mediated knockdown of CBX3 and the Akt inhibitor MK2206. In addition, dual-luciferase assays showed that miR-34c-5p could directly bind to LINC00998 and downregulate its expression. Our results identified LINC00998 as a novel tumor suppressor in glioma, and LINC00998 could be a novel prognostic biomarker, providing a strategy for precision therapy in glioma patients.

Oroxylin A, a Flavonoid, Stimulates Adult Neurogenesis in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus Region of Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1725-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungjoo Lee ◽  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Dong Hwa Lee ◽  
Su Jin Jeon ◽  
Chang Hwan Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Oroxylin A ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Dentate Gyrus Region

CAPS2 deficiency affects environmental enrichment-induced adult neurogenesis and differentiation/survival of newborn neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus

2017 ◽  
Vol 661 ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Yagishita ◽  
Ritsuko Suzuki ◽  
Shota Mizuno ◽  
Ritsuko Katoh-Semba ◽  
Tetsushi Sadakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Newborn Neurons

scholarly journals Transmembrane protein 108 involves in adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Yu ◽  
Dong Lin ◽  
Yanzi Zhong ◽  
Bin Luo ◽  
Shengsheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus

scholarly journals Effects of Monoglycerides on Rhodamine 123 Accumulation, Estradiol 17 β-D-Glucuronide Bidirectional Transport and MRP2 Protein Expression within Caco-2 cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica X. Jia ◽  
Kishor M Wasan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Drug Uptake ◽  
Rhodamine 123 ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Efflux Transporters ◽  
Bidirectional Transport ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Lipid Excipients

Purpose. Oral drug development had been hindered by the bioavailability issue despite vast market popularity. Lipid excipients had shown to enhance bioavailability of a number of reformulated hydrophobic oral drugs, yet the underlying mechanisms of action by lipids are still unclear. One proposed mechanism is that lipid excipients could facilitate drug uptake by altering the activities of apical membrane intestinal efflux transporters. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of 1-monopalmitin, 1-monoolein and 1-monostearin on the efflux activity and protein expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) in vitro. Methods. The 24-hour non-cytotoxic ranges of these monoglycerides were first determined using MTS and LDH assays in Caco-2 cells. Then, both accumulation and bidirectional transport studies were conducted using 10 uM rhodamine 123 (Rh123) and 10 nM estradiol 17 β-D-glucuronide (E217βG), respectively, to assess the functional activities of MRP2. 50 µM MK-571, a specific MRP1 and MRP2 inhibitor, was used as the positive control in both studies. Western blotting was followed to determine the effect of these monoglycerides on MRP2 protein expression. Results. Caco-2 cells were viable when treated with 1-monopalmitin, 1-monostearin and 1-monoolein at concentrations equal or less than 1000 µM, 1000 µM and 500 µM, respectively. Cells treated with 1-monoplamitin, 1-monostearin, 1-monoolein and MK571 resulted in significant increases in Rh123 accumulation and decreases in E217βG efflux ratio compared to the control (medium treated only). MRP2 protein expressions in 1-monopalmitin and 1-monoolein treated cells were decreased by 19% and 35% compared to the control; however, there was no change of MRP2 protein expression in 1-monostearin treated cells. Conclusions. These findings suggested that 1-monoolein, 1-monostearin and 1-monopalmitin could attenuate the activity of MRP2 and possibly other efflux transporters in Caco-2 cells. The reduction of efflux activity of MRP2 by 1-monoolein treatment could be partially accounted by the non-specific down-regulation of MRP2 protein expression.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document