scholarly journals Phenolic and Chromatic Properties of Beibinghong Red Ice Wine during and after Vinification

Molecules ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Chen Li ◽  
Si-Yu Li ◽  
Fei He ◽  
Zheng-Yi Yuan ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromatic Properties ◽  
Ice Wine

Canadian Ice Wine Production: A Case for the Use of Weather Derivatives

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Cyr ◽  
Martin Kusy
Keyword(s):  
Jel Classification ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Weather Derivatives ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Option Values ◽  
Temperature Variable ◽  
Ice Wine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Underlying Variable

AbstractWeather derivatives are a relatively new form of financial security that can provide firms with the ability to hedge against the impact of weather related risks to their activities. Participants in the energy industry have employed standardized weather contracts trading on organized exchanges since 1999 and the interest in non-standardized contracts for specialized weather related risks is growing at an increasing rate. The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential use of weather derivatives to hedge against temperature related risks in Canadian ice wine production. Specifically we examine historical data for the Niagara region of the province of Ontario, Canada, the largest icewine producing region of the world, to determine an appropriate underlying variable for the design of an option contact that could be employed by icewine producers. Employing monte carlo simulation we derive a range of benchmark option values based upon varying assumptions regarding the stochastic process for an underlying temperature variable. The results show that such option contracts can provide valuable hedging opportunities for producers, given the historical seasonal temperature variations in the region. (JEL Classification: G13, G32, Q14, Q51, Q54)

Compositional and chromatic properties of strontium hexaferrite as pigment for ceramic bodies and alternative synthesis from wiredrawing sludge

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Hajjaji ◽  
R.C. Pullar ◽  
C. Zanelli ◽  
M.P. Seabra ◽  
M. Dondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strontium Hexaferrite ◽  
Alternative Synthesis ◽  
Chromatic Properties

scholarly journals Chromaticity in the UV/blue range facilitates the search for achromatically background-matching prey in birds

2008 ◽  
Vol 364 (1516) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Stobbe ◽  
Marina Dimitrova ◽  
Sami Merilaita ◽  
H. Martin Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Search Task ◽  
Cyanistes Caeruleus ◽  
Chromatic Contrast ◽  
Background Matching ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chromatic Cues ◽  
Blue Range ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Chromatic Properties ◽  
Blue Tits

A large variety of predatory species rely on their visual abilities to locate their prey. However, the search for prey may be hampered by prey camouflage. The most prominent example of concealing coloration is background-matching prey coloration characterized by a strong visual resemblance of prey to the background. Even though this principle of camouflage was recognized to efficiently work in predator avoidance a long time ago, the underlying mechanisms are not very well known. In this study, we assessed whether blue tits ( Cyanistes caeruleus ) use chromatic cues in the search for prey. We used two prey types that were achromatically identical but differed in chromatic properties in the UV/blue range and presented them on two achromatically identical backgrounds. The backgrounds had either the same chromatic properties as the prey items (matching combination) or differed in their chromatic properties (mismatching combination). Our results show that birds use chromatic cues in the search for mismatching prey, whereupon chromatic contrast leads to a ‘pop-out’ of the prey item from the background. When prey was presented on a matching background, search times were significantly higher. Interestingly, search for more chromatic prey on the matching background was easier than search for less chromatic prey on the matching background. Our results indicate that birds use both achromatic and chromatic cues when searching for prey, and that the combination of both cues might be helpful in the search task.

scholarly journals Application of soy protein isolate in the fining of red wine

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evandro Ficagna ◽  
Angelo Gava ◽  
Simone Bertazzo Rossato ◽  
César Valmor Rombaldi ◽  
Elessandra da Rosa Zavareze
Keyword(s):  
Soy Protein ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Soy Protein Isolates ◽  
Fining Agents ◽  
Chromatic Properties ◽  
Protein Origin

Soy protein isolate was evaluated as a potential fining agent as an alternative to the predominant protein commercial fining agents (ovalbumin, porcine gelatin, and pea protein isolate). Two red wines (cv. ‘Merlot’ and cv. ‘Lambrusco Maestri’) were finned, bottled, and analyzed for phenolic content, color, turbidity, and sensory profile. Independent of the protein used, fining promoted a reduction in a majority of the phenolic compound, a slight (but significant) reduction of chromatic properties, and a decrease in the turbidity of the wines. A decrease in astringency, persistence, bitterness, and wine body, as well as an increase in brightness, clarity, and acidity, was also observed in all treatments. The application of soy protein isolates yielded similar results to those obtained with other commercial fining agents, both in the physicochemical and the sensory measures, which favors its usage as an alternative to the traditional fining agents of animal-protein origin.

scholarly journals Distinctive characteristics of subclasses of red–green P-cells in LGN of macaque

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN J.M. LANKHEET ◽  
PETER LENNIE ◽  
JOHN KRAUSKOPF
Keyword(s):  
Phase Difference ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Macaca Nemestrina ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Parvocellular Neurons ◽  
White Point ◽  
Chromatic Properties ◽  
P Cells

We characterized the chromatic and temporal properties of a sample of 177 red–green parvocellular neurons in the LGN of Macaca nemestrina, using large-field stimuli modulated along different directions through a white point in color space. We examined differences among the properties of the four subclasses of red–green P-cells (on- and off-center, red and green center). The responses of off-center cells lag the stimulus more than do those of on-center cells. At low temporal frequencies, this causes the phase difference between responses of the two kinds of cells to be considerably less than 180 deg. For isoluminant modulations the phases of on- and off-responses were more nearly 180 deg apart. A cell's temporal characteristics did not depend on the class of cone driving its center. Red center and green center cells have characteristically different chromatic properties, expressed either as preferred elevations in color space, or as weights with which cells combine inputs from L- and M-cones. Red center cells are relatively more responsive to achromatic modulation, and attach relatively more weight to input from the cones driving the center. Off-center cells also attach relatively more weight than do on-center cells to input from the class of cone driving the center.

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