scholarly journals Membrane Disintegration Caused by the Steroid Saponin Digitonin Is Related to the Presence of Cholesterol

Molecules ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 20146-20160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikhwan Sudji ◽  
Yamunadevi Subburaj ◽  
Nataliya Frenkel ◽  
Ana García-Sáez ◽  
Michael Wink
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Saponin

scholarly journals SKRINING FITOKIMIA SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH DELIMA (Punica granatum L.) DENGAN METODE UJI WARNA

Media Farmasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Muthmainnah B
Keyword(s):  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Telah dilakukan penelitian skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.) yang diperoleh dari Desa Ongkoe Kabupaten Wajo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa metabolit sekunder meliputi flavanoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, steroid, saponin dan tanin pada ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.). Penelitian diawali dengan pengolahan buah delima (Punica granatum L.) menjadi simplisia serbuk dengan melalui tahap sortasi basah, pencucian, pengeringan dan sortasi kering. Selanjutnya penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% dengan perbandingan 1:3 selama 5 hari dengan metode ekstraksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengekstraksi simplisia serbuk buah delima (Punica granatum L.) dengan menggunakan metode maserasi (perendaman) dengan pelarut etanol 70% sedangkan identifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dilakukan skrining fitokimia dengan uji warna menggunakan berbagai pereaksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.) positif mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin dan tanin sedangkan pada uji steroid diperoleh hasil yang negatif. Kesimpulannya yaitu ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.) mengandung flavanoid,alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin dan tanin.

Membrane cholesterol delays cellular apoptosis induced by ginsenoside Rh2, a steroid saponin

2018 ◽  
Vol 352 ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine L. Verstraeten ◽  
Marie Albert ◽  
Adrien Paquot ◽  
Giulio G. Muccioli ◽  
Donatienne Tyteca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Cholesterol ◽  
Ginsenoside Rh2 ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Cellular Apoptosis

Species-specificity of the acrosome reaction in starfish

Zygote ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
pp. S62-S62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Midori Matsumoto ◽  
Masako Ikeda ◽  
Motonori Hoshi
Keyword(s):  
Acrosome Reaction ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Type Structure ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Sperm Activation ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Species Specific

Animal eggs are generally encased in extracellular investments. These structures are not simply a protective barrier against infectious microbes, parasites and various small predators: in starfish, three components of the egg jelly, the outermost egg investment, are responsible for triggering the acrosome reaction. These components are a highly sulphated glycoprotein of an extremely large molecular size named acrosome reaction-inducing substance (ARIS), a steroid saponin named Co-ARIS, and asteroidal sperm-activating peptides (asterosaps) (Matsui et al., 1986a, b; Nishigaki et al., 1996). ARIS can induce the acrosome reaction in homologous spermatozoa with asterosaps or Co-ARIS in normal seawater. Specificity at the genus or order level was found for sperm activation by asterosaps, whereas the acrosome reaction by jelly components was species-specific. The main sugar saccharide chain of ARIS, composed of the pentasaccharide repeating units [Xyl-Gal-Fuc(SO3−)-Fuc(3−)-Fuc-], has been observed to induce the acrosome reaction in starfish sperm at high calcium concentrations (Koyota et al., 1997). Recently, we cloned cDNAs encoding asterosaps and elucidated their nucleotide sequences (Matsumoto et al., 1999). The mRNA encoding asterosaps was transcribed only in the oocytes but not in the follicle cells, and the length was 3.7 kb. The cDNA clones contained multiple isoforms of asterosaps. We assume that asterosap cursors are large prepolypeptide chains with an unusual ‘rosary-type’ structure composed of 10 successive similar stretches of 51–55 residues. Each stretch ends with a ‘spacer’ of 17–21 residues immediately followed by the sequence of one asterosap isoform. The amino terminal of this precursor has 19–21 successive glutamine-rich repeating units.

scholarly journals Biological and Pharmacological Effects of Synthetic Saponins

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 4974
Author(s):  
Yu-Pu Juang ◽  
Pi-Hui Liang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Amphiphilic Molecules ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Structure Heterogeneity

Saponins are amphiphilic molecules consisting of carbohydrate and either triterpenoid or steroid aglycone moieties and are noted for their multiple biological activities—Fungicidal, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects have all been observed. Saponins from natural sources have long been used in herbal and traditional medicines; however, the isolation of complexed saponins from nature is difficult and laborious, due to the scarce amount and structure heterogeneity. Chemical synthesis is considered a powerful tool to expand the structural diversity of saponin, leading to the discovery of promising compounds. This review focuses on recent developments in the structure optimization and biological evaluation of synthetic triterpenoid and steroid saponin derivatives. By summarizing the structure–activity relationship (SAR) results, we hope to provide the direction for future development of saponin-based bioactive compounds.

Dioscin, a natural steroid saponin, shows remarkable protective effect against acetaminophen-induced liver damage in vitro and in vivo

2012 ◽  
Vol 214 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Zhao ◽  
Xiaonan Cong ◽  
Lingli Zheng ◽  
Lina Xu ◽  
Lianhong Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Steroid Saponin

Geographical variations in fatty acid and steroid saponin biosynthesis in Dioscorea zingiberensis rhizomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 113779
Author(s):  
Lixiu Hou ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Ziyu Tong ◽  
Xincheng Yuan ◽  
Jiali Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Dioscorea Zingiberensis ◽  
Saponin Biosynthesis ◽  
Geographical Variations

scholarly journals Production of Steroid Saponin in Grafts: Solarium aculeatissimum and Lycopersicon esculentum

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1657-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Ikenaga ◽  
Seiji Kikuta ◽  
Miyuki Kistuki ◽  
Midori Yamada ◽  
Kenichiro Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Tomato Plants

Solarium aculeatissimum Jacq. contains the steroid saponins aculeatiside A and aculeatiside B at high levels in the root, whereas they are lacking in all organs of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). We examined the site of synthesis of these steroid saponins by using grafts between S. aculeatissimum and tomato plants. When S. aculeatissimum was grafted onto a stock of tomato (S.a./Tom.), a small amount of steroid saponin was found in the leaves and the stem of S. aculeatissimum but not in the roots of the tomato. However, when tomato was grafted onto stocks of S. aculeatissimum (Tom. /S.a.), steroid saponin occurred only in the roots of S. aculeatissimum. These results suggest that the steroid saponins are mainly synthesized in the roots of S. aculeatissimum. The lack of transport of steroid saponins from the roots of S. aculeatissirnum to the leaves and stem of the tomato remains unexplained.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Composition of Brachystegia Eurycoma Root, Leaf and Stem Bark

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
High Concentrations

This study assesses the phytochemical screening of Brachystegia eurycoma root, leaf and bark using aqueous solvent. Phytochemical screening was conducted to determine the presence of natural products (alkaloids, tannins, steroid, saponin, phenol, carbohydrate, flavonoid, terpenoid, triterpenoids, quinone and cardial glycoside) using standard procedure. The qualitative phytochemical constituents of Brachystegia eurycoma leaf, root and stem bark revealed the presence Alkaloid, Flavonoid, quinone, tannin, saponin and Terpenoids while Phenol, carbohydrate, steroids and triterpenoids are absent in the leaf, stem bark and root extracts of the plant. Cardiac glycoside was only present in root extracts. The quantitative phytochemical screening of the extracts showed that they had high concentrations of alkaloids and tannins and they were relatively low in Terpenoids. The results evidently specifies aqueous extract of leaf, bark and root of Brachystegia eurycoma contains various bioactive compounds which have various medicinal properties that can be used for the treatment of many diseases. However, isolation of individual phytochemical constituents and subjecting it to the biological activity will definitely provide more fruitful results. Therefore, it is recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.

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