scholarly journals Overview of Energy Management and Leakage Control Systems for Smart Water Grids and Digital Water

Modelling ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Giudicianni ◽  
Manuel Herrera ◽  
Armando di Nardo ◽  
Kemi Adeyeye ◽  
Helena M. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Smart Water ◽  
Leakage Control

Current and future smart cities are moving towards the zero-net energy use concept. To this end, the built environment should also be designed for efficient energy use and play a significant role in the production of such energy. At present, this is achieved by focusing on energy demand in buildings and to the renewable trade-off related to smart power grids. However, urban water distribution systems constantly carry an excess of hydraulic energy that can potentially be recovered to produce electricity. This paper presents a comprehensive review of current strategies for energy production by reviewing the state-of-the-art of smart water systems. New technologies (such as cyber-physical systems, digital twins, blockchain) and new methodologies (network dynamics, geometric deep learning) associated with digital water are also discussed. The paper then focuses on modelling the installation of both micro-turbines and pumps as turbines, instead of/together with pressure reduction valves, to further demonstrate the energy-recovery methods which will enable water network partitioning into district metered areas. The associated benefits on leakage control, as a source of energy, and for contributing to overall network resilience are also highlighted. The paper concludes by presenting future research directions. Notably, digital water is proposed as the main research and operational direction for current and future Water Distribution Systems (WDS) and as a holistic, data-centred framework for the operation and management of water networks.

Evolutionary Computation for Single and Multiobjective Water Distribution Systems Optimal Design

2010 ◽  
pp. 332-345
Author(s):  
Avi Ostfeld
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Fixed Set ◽  
Gradient Type ◽  
Future Research Directions

Water distribution systems least cost pipe sizing/design is probably the most explored problem in water distribution systems optimization. Attracted numerous studies over the last four decades, two main approaches were employed: decomposition in which an “inner” linear programming problem is solved for a fixed set of flows/heads, while the flows/heads are altered at an “outer” problem using a gradient or a sub-gradient type technique; and the utilization of an evolutionary optimization algorithm (e.g., a genetic algorithm). In reality, however, from a broader perspective the design problem is inherently of a multiobjective nature incorporating competing objectives such as minimizing cost versus maximizing reliability. This chapter reviews some of the literature on single and multiobjective optimal design of water distribution systems and suggests a few future research directions in this area.

Adaptive Control for Smart Water Distribution Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Zaman ◽  
Maher Al Islam ◽  
Ashraf Tantawy ◽  
Carol J Fung ◽  
Sherif Abdelwahed
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Smart Water

scholarly journals Smart metering use cases to increase water and energy efficiency in water supply systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 898-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Loureiro ◽  
P. Vieira ◽  
C. Makropoulos ◽  
P. Kossieris ◽  
R. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Related Energy ◽  
Detailed Level ◽  
High Level

Efficient water and energy use in water distribution systems is being limited by the lack of sufficient data about water and related energy consumption. Therefore, it is crucial to provide updated and continuous feedback information to water users. This paper describes relevant use cases to improve efficient water use and related energy consumption by water utilities and consumers through the use of smart metering technologies. A systematic approach was established to obtain a comprehensive list of possible functionalities, using the concept of use case. For the consumer domain, six high-level and 18 detailed-level use cases were obtained. For the water utility domain, seven high-level and 20 detailed-level use cases were described. The high-level use cases with higher priority to be implemented in the iWIDGET system were also identified based on the contribution of different target audiences. The list of use cases covers a comprehensive range of possible usages that can be built upon the exploitation of data related to water and energy use in water distribution systems and in households, which may be of further use as a guide for similar studies.

scholarly journals Lost in Optimisation of Water Distribution Systems? A Literature Review of System Design

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Mala-Jetmarova ◽  
Nargiz Sultanova ◽  
Dragan Savic
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
The Cost

Optimisation of water distribution system design is a well-established research field, which has been extremely productive since the end of the 1980s. Its primary focus is to minimise the cost of a proposed pipe network infrastructure. This paper reviews in a systematic manner articles published over the past three decades, which are relevant to the design of new water distribution systems, and the strengthening, expansion and rehabilitation of existing water distribution systems, inclusive of design timing, parameter uncertainty, water quality, and operational considerations. It identifies trends and limits in the field, and provides future research directions. Exclusively, this review paper also contains comprehensive information from over one hundred and twenty publications in a tabular form, including optimisation model formulations, solution methodologies used, and other important details.

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