scholarly journals Chemical and Petrographic Characterization of Stone and Glass Tesserae in the Nereid and Geometric Mosaics from the S. Aloe Quarter in Vibo Valentia–Calabria, Italy

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Barca ◽  
Elia Fiorenza ◽  
Maria D’Andrea ◽  
Emilia Le Pera ◽  
Marianna Musella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analyzer ◽  
Element Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Technological Level

Vibo Valentia’s S. Aloe quarter is an archaeological area which has three beautiful mosaic floors, dated between the centuries I BC and V AD. This work reports the results obtained on 22 glass and stone tesserae collected from the Nereid and Geometric mosaics during a recent restoration of the site. The analyses were carried out through a multi-analytical approach. The petrographic study of the stone tesserae was carried out using polarizing optical microscopy while the geochemical one was conducted using two micro-analytical techniques: the electron probe micro-analyzer with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry and a combination of laser ablation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for determining the major, minor, and trace element concentrations. The research highlights the use of different kinds of stones such as marble, volcanic, and sedimentary rocks. The glasses show the typical soda–lime–silica composition indicating the use of natron as a flux. The trace element concentrations prove the use of Pb-antimonates to create yellow glass. The bronze scrap was used to obtain the green color, while cobalt and copper were used to obtain different gradations of blue. These results confirm the high technological level reached by glassmakers in the Imperial Age, thus highlighting the importance of the S. Aloe archeological site.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Vitreous Finds from Cosenza Cathedral (Calabria – Italy) by the Combined Use of Analytical Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Barca ◽  
Franca C. Papparella
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

AbstractThis article presents an archaeometrical research carried out on twenty-six vitreous finds collected in the Cosenza Cathedral (Calabria, Italy). The glasses have been subdivided in two typo-chronological groups. The first group is composed of 14 vitreous samples dating to the 4th–6th century AD. The second group includes twelve samples; seven are stems of funnel-shaped hanging lamps which date between the 12th and the 13th century AD, two are bottlenecks of balsamaria and three are concave bases. The aims of this study were the determination of the chemical composition of vitreous finds and the individuation of the primary glass sources. The samples were characterized through Electron Probe Micro Analyser with Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometer (EPMA-WDS) and Laser Ablation with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The data confirm that all the finds of the first group are “silica-soda-lime” type glasses characterized by a high content of Na2O and a low content of K2O and MgO. On the contrary, the samples of the second group, showing higher contents of K2O and MgO, are vegetable silica-soda-lime glasses. Their composition confirms the typological attribution to the medieval period.

scholarly journals Dependence of ice-core relative trace-element concentration on acidification

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (219) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bess G. Koffman ◽  
Michael J. Handley ◽  
Erich C. Osterberg ◽  
Mark L. Wells ◽  
Karl J. Kreutz
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Element Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Snow Samples

AbstractTo assess the role of methodological differences on measured trace-element concentrations in ice cores, we developed an experiment to test the effects of acidification strength and time on dust dissolution using snow samples collected in West Antarctica and Alaska. We leached Antarctic samples for 3 months at room temperature using nitric acid at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0% (v/v). At selected intervals (20 min, 24 hours, 5 days, 14 days, 28 days, 56 days, 91 days) we analyzed 23 trace elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Concentrations of lithogenic elements scaled with acid strength and increased by 100–1380% in 3 months. Incongruent elemental dissolution caused significant variability in calculated crustal enrichment factors through time (factor of 1.3 (Pb) to 8.0 (Cs)). Using snow samples collected in Alaska and acidified at 1% (v/v) for 383 days, we found that the increase in lithogenic element concentration with time depends strongly on initial concentration, and varies by element (e.g. Fe linear regression slope = 1.66; r = 0.98). Our results demonstrate that relative trace-element concentrations measured in ice cores depend on the acidification method used.

Study of Solution Calibration of NIST Soil and Glass Samples by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody Bi ◽  
M. Antonio Ruiz ◽  
Benjamin W. Smith ◽  
James D. Winefordner
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Element Concentrations ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

A method for the determination of trace element concentrations by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) using solution calibration and an internal standard has been studied and evaluated by analyzing NIST soil and glass samples. In most cases, the measured element concentrations were within ±10% of the certified values. The internal standard was chosen on the basis of investigations of the proper signal intensity of certain isotopes and the homogeneity of their distribution in the sample. For soil samples, a matrix element, Mg, was chosen to be the internal standard. For glass samples, a trace element, Sr, was used as the internal standard. The results indicated that in both cases the internal standard was effective. Ni and Cu in soil gave poor results, while good results were obtained for Ni and Cu in glass samples. Time-resolved studies show that Ni gave many more signal spikes than other elements when the ablating laser moved across the surface of the soil sample. This observation indicates that one possible reason for the poor results was caused by the heterogeneity of the Ni distribution in the matrix.

Metal-Organic Frameworks vs. Buffers: Case Study of UiO-66 Stability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bůžek ◽  
Slavomír Adamec ◽  
Kamil Lang ◽  
Jan Demel
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Aqueous Dispersions ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metal Organic

<div><p>UiO-66 is a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) that has numerous applications. Our group recently determined that UiO-66 is not as inert in aqueous dispersions as previously reported in the literature. The present work therefore assessed the behaviour of UiO-66 in buffers: 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (TRIS), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethane sulfonic acid (HEPES), N-ethylmorpholine (NEM) and phosphate buffer (PB), all of which are commonly used in many UiO-66 applications. High pressure liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to monitor degradation of the MOF. In each buffer, the terephthalate linker was released to some extent, with a more pronounced leaching effect in the saline forms of these buffers. The HEPES buffer was found to be the most benign, whereas NEM and PB should be avoided at any concentration as they were shown to rapidly degrade the UiO-66 framework. Low concentration TRIS buffers are also recommended, although these offer minimal buffer capacity to adjust pH. Regardless of the buffer used, rapid terephthalate release was observed, indicating that the UiO-66 was attacked immediately after mixing with the buffer. In addition, the dissolution of zirconium, observed in some cases, intensified the UiO-66 decomposition process. These results demonstrate that sensitive analytical techniques have to be used to monitor the release of MOF components so as to quantify the stabilities of these materials in liquid environments.</p></div>

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