scholarly journals Perovskites of the Tazheran Massif (Baikal, Russia)

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Eugene V. Sklyarov ◽  
Nikolai S. Karmanov ◽  
Andrey V. Lavrenchuk ◽  
Anastasia E. Starikova
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Nepheline Syenite ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Late Generation ◽  
Local Geology ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Brucite Marble

The paper provides details of local geology and mineralogy of the Tazheran Massif, which was the sampling site of perovskite used as an external standard in perovskite U-Pb dating by sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) and laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma (LA–ICP–MS) mass spectrometry. The Tazheran Massif is a complex of igneous (mafic dikes, syenite, nepheline syenite), metamorphic (marble), and metasomatic (skarn, calc–silicate veins) rocks. Metasomatites are thin and restricted to the complex interior being absent from the margins. Perovskite has been studied at four sites of metasomatic rocks of three different types: forsterite–spinel calc–silicate veins in brucite marble (1); skarn at contacts between nepheline syenite and brucite marble (2), and skarn-related forsterite–spinel (Fo-Spl) calc–silicate veins (3). Pervoskite from Fo-Spl calc–silicate veins (type 1) is almost free from impurities (<1 wt.% in total: 0.06%–0.4% REE2O3, 0.10%–0.22% Nb2O5, ≤0.1% ThO2). The U contents are from 0.1 to 1.9 wt.% UO2 and are relatively uniform in perovskites from the same vein but differ from vein to vein of this type. Perovskite from the contact skarn (type 2) contains 1.5 to 4.5 wt.% REE2O3 but is poor in other impurities. Perovskite grains from skarn-related Fo-Spl calc–silicate rocks (type 3) belong to two generations that differ in REE, Nb, Th, Fe, and Na concentrations. Early-generation perovskites occurs as compositionally homogeneous octahedral or cubic-octahedral crystals with contents of impurities higher than in other varieties (3.6 wt.% REE2O3, 1.6 wt.% Fe2O3, 1.3 wt.% Nb2O5, 0.7 wt.% ThO2, 0.6 wt.% UO2, and 0.6 wt.% Na2O) but the lowest is at the respective site. Late-generation varieties show highly variable impurity concentrations of 1.5 to 22.7 wt.% REE2O3, 0.4 to 8.4 wt.% Nb2O5, and 0.8 to 4.5% ThO2, while the perovskite component may be as low as 65%. In addition to the lueshite and loparite, components, they contain REEFeO3 and Th0.5TiO3 endmembers which have no natural analogs.

scholarly journals Capabilities and limitations of tin direct determination using the spectrometry methods with inductively coupled plasma in Azov and Black sea waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-97
Author(s):  
D. D. Abakumova ◽  
◽  
Z. A. Temerdashev ◽  
P.G. Abakumov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Analytical Signal ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms

The current study discussed the capabilities and limitations of tin direct determination in the waters of the Black and Azov Seas using the ICP-MS and ICP-AES methods without the separation and concentration of the analyte. The conditions for the analysis of waters, the influence of dilution and matrix components on the results of the analysis were established. As the salinity of the seawater increased, the slope of the calibration curve decreased, regardless of the detection method used. The leveling of the matrix effect of seawater on the analytical signal of tin was achieved by diluting the sample up to 100 times. A significant decrease in the analytical signal of tin was observed on the samples of seawater characterized by the high salinity. These methods allowed determining tin at the concentrations ranging from 0.33 μg/dm3 (ICP-MS), 0.37 μg/dm3 (ICP-AES) to 5 μg/dm3 in natural (fresh) water or seawater with low salinity level according to the calibration curve of the deionized water. For ICP-MS and ICP-AES determination of tin in seawater with the salinity level above 6‰ and tin concentration of more than 5 μg/dm3, it was required to use the calibration dependence constructed on the model seawater considering the salinity of the object. The studies have shown that the content of tin in the Kuban River is 0.13 μg/dm3. In the Sea of Azov, the concentration of tin in the water, depending on the sampling site, was less than 0.33 μg/dm3 (Taman) and 1.8 μg/dm3 (Temryuk, commercial port). In the Black Sea, the concentration of tin in the seawater samples from Novorossiysk city was higher and ranged from 0.55 μg/dm3 (embankment) to 1.5 μg/dm3 (seaport) and 2.1 μg/dm3 (grain terminal).

scholarly journals Origin of Blue Sapphire in Newly Discovered Spinel–Chlorite–Muscovite Rocks within Meta-Ultramafites of Ilmen Mountains, South Urals of Russia: Evidence from Mineralogy, Geochemistry, Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd Isotopic Data

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Sorokina ◽  
Mikhail Rassomakhin ◽  
Sergey Nikandrov ◽  
Stefanos Karampelas ◽  
Nataliya Kononkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Nepheline Syenite ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Isotopic Data ◽  
Alkaline Complex ◽  
Alkali Basalts ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Ree Distribution ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Blue sapphire of gem quality was recently discovered in spinel–chlorite–muscovite rock within meta-ultramafites near the Ilmenogorsky alkaline complex in the Ilmen Mountains of the South Urals. More than 20 minerals were found in the assemblage with the blue sapphire. These sapphire-bearing rocks are enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE (with the negative Eu anomalies) with REE distribution similar to those in miascites (nepheline syenite) of the Ilmenogorsky alkaline complex. 87Sr/86Sr ratios in the sapphire-bearing rocks varied from 0.7088 ± 0.000004 (2σ) to 0.7106 ± 0.000006 (2σ): epsilon notation εNd is −7.8. The Rb-Sr isochrone age of 289 ± 9 Ma was yielded for the sapphire-bearing rocks and associated muscovite. The blue sapphires are translucent to transparent and they have substantial colorless zones. They occur in a matrix of clinochlore-muscovite as concentric aggregates within spinel-gahnite coronas. Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses showed values with trace elements typical for “metamorphic” blue sapphires, with Ga/Mg < 2.7, Fe/Mg < 74, Cr/Ga > 1.5 (when Cr is detectable), and Fe/Ti < 9. Sapphires overlap “metasomatic” at “sapphires in alkali basalts” field on the FeO–Cr2O3–MgO–V2O3 versus FeO + TiO2 + Ga2O3 discriminant diagram. The sapphires formed together with the spinel-chlorite-muscovite rock during metasomatism at a contact of orthopyroxenites. Metasomatic fluids were enriched with Al, HSFE, and LILE and genetically linked to the miascite intrusions of Ilmenogorsky complex. The temperature required for the formation of sapphire–spinel–chlorite–muscovite rock was 700–750 °C and a pressure of 1.8–3.5 kbar.

Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Investigating Nonlinear Response Observed in Pulse Counting Mode and Extending the Linear Dynamic Range by Compensating for Dead Time Related Count Losses on a Microsecond Timescale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Strenge ◽  
Carsten Engelhard
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Dead Time ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Linear Dynamic Range ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

<p>The article demonstrates the importance of using a suitable approach to compensate for dead time relate count losses (a certain measurement artefact) whenever short, but potentially strong transient signals are to be analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Findings strongly support the theory that inadequate time resolution, and therefore insufficient compensation for these count losses, is one of the main reasons for size underestimation observed when analysing inorganic nanoparticles using ICP-MS, a topic still controversially discussed.</p>

Fast Turn-around Failure Analysis of Metal Interconnection Using FIB and LA ICP-MS

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixiao Pan ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Fuhe Li
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Icp Ms

Abstract This paper introduces our effort in failure analysis of a 200 nm thick metal interconnection on a glass substrate and covered with a passivation layer. Structural damage in localized areas of the metal interconnections was observed with the aid of focused ion beam (FIB) cross-sectioning. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA ICP-MS) was then applied to the problematic areas on the interconnection for chemical survey. LA ICP-MS showed direct evidence of localized chemical contamination, which has likely led to corrosion (or over-etching) of the metal interconnection and the assembly failure. Due to the high detection sensitivity of LA ICP-MS and its compatibility with insulating material analysis, minimal sample preparation is required. As a result, the combination of FIB and LA ICP-MS enabled successful meso-scale failure analysis with fast turnaround and reasonable cost.

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