scholarly journals Gold Prospects in the Western Segment of the Russian Arctic: Regional Metallogeny and Distribution of Mineralization

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkady Kalinin ◽  
Oleg Kazanov ◽  
Vladimir Bezrukov ◽  
Vsevolod Prokofiev
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Fennoscandian Shield ◽  
Amphibolite Facies ◽  
Southern Boundary ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Zones ◽  
Western Segment ◽  
Greenstone Belts

Location of the deposits and occurrences of gold mineralization in metamorphic complexes of the Kola region is controlled by tectonic zones at the regional scale at the boundaries of major segments of the Fennoscandian Shield. Three zones are the most important: (1) the system of Neoarchean greenstone belts Kolmozero–Voron’ya–Ura-guba along the southern boundary of the Murmansk craton; (2) the suture, delineating the core of the Lapland–Kola orogeny in the north; and (3) the series of overthrusts and faults at the eastern flank of the Salla–Kuolajarvi belt. Gold deposits and occurrences are located within greenstone belts of Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic age, and hosted by rocks of different primary compositions (mafic metavolcanics, diorite porphyry, and metasedimentary terrigenous rocks). The grade of metamorphism varies from greenschist to upper amphibolite facies, but the mineralized rocks are mainly lower amphibolite metamorphosed, close to the transition from greenschist to amphibolite facies. Gold deposits and occurrences in the northeastern part of the Fennoscandian Shield formed during two periods: the Neoarchean 2.7–2.6 Ga and the Paleoproterozoic 1.9–1.7 Ga. According to paleo-geodynamic reconstructions, these were the periods of collisional and accretionary orogeny in the region. Those Archean greenstone belts, which were reworked in the Paleoproterozoic (e.g., Strel’na and Tiksheozero belts), can contain gold deposits of Paleoproterozoic age.

scholarly journals Virtual Structural Analysis of Jokisivu Open Pit Using ‘Structure-from-Motion’ Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) Photogrammetry: Implications for Structurally-Controlled Gold Deposits in Southwest Finland

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sayab ◽  
Domingo Aerden ◽  
Markku Paananen ◽  
Petri Saarela
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Conjugate System ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
D Model

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are rapidly growing remote sensing platforms for capturing high-resolution images of exposed rock surfaces. We used a DJI Phantom 3 Professional (P3P) quadcopter to capture aerial images that were used to generate a high-resolution three-dimensional (3-D) model of the Jokisivu open-pit gold deposit that is located in southwestern Finland. 158 overlapping oblique and nadir images were taken and processed with Agisoft Photoscan Pro to generate textured 3-D surface models. In addition, 69 overlapping images were taken from the steep faces of the open pit. We assessed the precision of the 3-D model by deploying ground control points (GCPs) and the average errors were found minimal along X (2.0 cm), Y (1.2 cm), and Z (5.0 cm) axes. The steep faces of the open pit were used for virtual structural measurements and kinematic analyses in CloudCompare and ArcGIS to distinguish the orientation of different fracture sets and statistical categorization, respectively. Three distinct fracture sets were observed. The NW-SE and NE-SW striking fractures form a conjugate geometry, whereas the NNW-SSE striking fractures cut the conjugate fracture set. The orientation of conjugate fractures match well with the resource model of the deposit and NW- and NE-trending segments of regional-scale anastomosing shear zones. Based on the conjugate geometry of fracture sets I and II, and the regional pattern of anastomosing shear system lead us to interpret an origin of gold mineralization in two stages. An early N-S or NNW-SSE crustal shortening, corresponding to the regional D4 (ca. 1.83–1.81 Ga) or pre-D4 (ca. 1.87–1.86 Ga) Svecofennian tectonic event(s) that produced anastomosing shear zones. Subsequent E-W directed D5 contraction (ca. 1.79–1.77 Ga) partly reactivated the anastomosing shear zones with the formation of conjugate system, which controlled the migration of fluids and gold mineralization in SW Finland.

Chapter 35: Gold Deposits of the Jiaodong Peninsula, Eastern China

2020 ◽  
pp. 753-774
Author(s):  
Kun-Feng Qiu ◽  
Richard J. Goldfarb ◽  
Jun Deng ◽  
Hao-Cheng Yu ◽  
Zong-Yang Gou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
North China ◽  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Fault System ◽  
South China Block ◽  
North China Block ◽  
The North ◽  
Basement Rocks

Abstract The Jiaodong gold province, within the eastern margin of the North China block and the translated northeastern edge of the South China block, has a stated premining gold resource exceeding 4,500 metric tons (t). It is thus one of the world’s largest gold provinces, with a present cumulative annual production estimated at 60 t Au. More than 90% of the Jiaodong gold resource is hosted by batholiths and related bodies of the Linglong (ca. 160–145 Ma) and, to a lesser degree, Guojialing (ca. 130–122 Ma) suites. The intrusions were emplaced into high-grade metamorphic basement rocks of the Precambrian Jiaobei (North China block) and Sulu (South China block) terranes during a 70-m.y.-period of lithospheric delamination, extensional core complex formation, and exhumation. The deposits are located about 20 to 200 km to the east of the continental-scale NNE-striking Tancheng-Lujiang (Tan-Lu) strike-slip fault system. They occur along a series of more regional NNE- to NE-striking brittle and ductile-brittle faults, which appear to intersect the Tan-Lu main structure to the southwest. This system of early to middle Mesozoic regional thrust faults, reactivated during Cretaceous normal motion and ore formation, tends to occur along the margins of the main Linglong batholiths or between intrusions of the two suites of granitoids. Orebodies are mainly present as quartz-pyrite veins (Linglong-type) and as stockwork veinlets and disseminated mineralization (Jiaojia-type). The two mineralization styles are transitional and may be present within the same gold deposit. The ca. 120 Ma timing of gold mineralization correlates with major changes in plate kinematics in the Pacific Basin and the onset of seismicity along the Tan-Lu fault system, with the enormous fluid volumes and associated metal being derived from sediment devolatilization above the westerly subducting Izanagi slab.

Chapter 7: Paleoproterozoic Gold Deposits of the Loulo District, Western Mali

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-162
Author(s):  
Andrew Allibone ◽  
David Lawrence ◽  
John Scott ◽  
Mark Fanning ◽  
James Lambert-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Shear Zone ◽  
Thermal Gradient ◽  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Hydrothermal Fluids ◽  
Western Margin ◽  
Form Part

Abstract Paleoproterozoic (Rhyacian) gold deposits of the Loulo district in western Mali contain >17 million ounces (Moz) Au and form part of the second most highly endowed region within West Africa. The deposits are located within siliciclastic, marble, and evaporitic rocks of the ca. 2110 Ma greenschist facies Kofi series, which were folded and inverted between ca. 2100 and 2070 Ma, prior to gold mineralization. Deposits at Yalea and Gounkoto are located along discontinuous, low-displacement, albite- and carbonate-altered shear zones, whereas Gara is confined to a tourmaline-altered quartz sandstone unit. Lodes typically plunge gently to moderately, reflecting the attitude of folds in the adjacent rocks and bends in the host shear zones, both of which influenced their location. Gold mineralization in the Loulo district was broadly synchronous with emplacement of the Falémé batholith and associated Fe skarn mineralization, which intrude and overprint the western margin of the Kofi series, respectively. However, hydrothermal fluids generated during metamorphic devolatilization of the Kofi series rocks appear responsible for gold mineralization, albeit within a district-wide thermal gradient associated with emplacement of the Falémé batholith. The regional-scale Senegal-Mali shear zone, commonly cited as an important control on the location of gold deposits in western Mali, is absent in the Loulo district.

The Mineralization Age of the Gupao Gold Deposit, Guangxi

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 327-330
Author(s):  
Zhi Wu Zhang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Shang Guo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Gold Deposit ◽  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
The North ◽  
Mineralization Age ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
East West ◽  
Early Yanshanian

The Dayaoshan, which has nearly 200 gold deposits (or mineralization points), is one of the most important gold deposits distribution areas in Guangxi, and the Gupao gold deposit is an important representative one. Previous researches have carried out numerous works there to guide the gold prospecting work. Due to multiple episodes of gold mineralization and multiple sources materials in ore-forming, there are heated debates on the era of the mine, and the main mineralization age of the Gupao gold deposit is focused on the Caledonian or Early Yanshanian. According to the distribution characteristics of the gold ore body showing in the Zhilong, Gulinao, and Dawangding gold deposit, the discussion of macro-tectonic setting of the area, as well as the comparative study of surrounding gold deposits, we conclude that the main mineralization age of the Dawangding gold deposit is Early Yanshanian, and the main mineralization may be controlled by the nearly east-west trending fold which was caused by the north-south extrusion.

Paragenesis of gold mineralization at the Kiyuk Lake Project, Kivalliq Region, Nunavut, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1133-1165
Author(s):  
Stacie Jones ◽  
Kurt Kyser ◽  
Matthew Leybourne ◽  
Robin Mackie ◽  
Adrian Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Canadian Shield ◽  
The North ◽  
Calcic Amphibole ◽  
Greenstone Belts ◽  
Clastic Sedimentary ◽  
Archean Greenstone Belts ◽  
Hurwitz Group

ABSTRACT Exploration for gold in Nunavut has been primarily focused on Archean greenstone belts in the north and coastal regions of the territory, resulting in large areas of underexplored terrain in the south. The Kiyuk Lake property is located in the underexplored southwest corner of the Kivalliq Region of Nunavut within the Hearne domain of the ∼1.9 Ga western Churchill Province. The property is hosted by Proterozoic calc-silicate and clastic sedimentary units of the Hurwitz Group (<2.4–1.9 Ga) and the unconformably overlying Kiyuk Group (1.9–1.83 Ga). Gold mineralization in Proterozoic sedimentary rocks is rare in the Canadian Shield, so the Rusty Zone at Kiyuk Lake presents a unique opportunity to study the enigmatic gold mineralization hosted in such sedimentary rocks. Mineralization at the Rusty Zone is hosted by an immature lithic wacke cut by thin intermediate dikes that are associated with hydrothermal breccias composed of Fe-carbonate, calcite, calcic-amphibole, Fe-sulfide, Fe-oxide minerals, and gold. Textural and timing relationships suggest that the gold mineralization is post-sedimentary and syn- to post-intrusion of intermediate dikes. Stable isotope thermometry suggests that mineralization took place between 450 and 600 °C, and geochronological studies indicate that the intrusion and mineralization occurred before or about 1.83 Ga. Using basement breaching thrusts faults as conduits to the surface, over-pressurization along a later normal fault is thought to be the primary cause for the localized breccia pipe that controls gold mineralization. The hydrothermal fluids are postulated to be volatile-rich aqueous solutions exsolved from a source of cooling magmas at depth. Although sub-economic at present, the occurrence of high-grade gold in a Paleoproterozoic basin such as Kiyuk Lake could signal a new opportunity for exploration for gold in the Canadian Shield.

scholarly journals COMPLEX GOLD-MOLYBDENUM DEPOSITS AND OCCURRENCES IN GREENSTONE BELTS OF THE MIDDLE DNIPRO REGION OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Sukach ◽  
L. O. Riazantseva
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
The West ◽  
Gold Ores ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Geological Surveys ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Greenstone Belts ◽  
Generating System ◽  
Geological Research

The most important molybdenum mineralization of the Middle Dnipro province is limited to the Mesoarchean (3,1–2,9 Ga) Greenstone belts or structure (GSS). These are next occurrences: East-Sergiivka, Solone in the Sura GSS and Gannivka (district “Chervona”) in the Kryvyi Rih GSS. They have spatial combining or closeness with well-known gold deposits and occurrences: East-Sergiivka and Solone occurrences are located on the Eastern flanks of the Sergiivka and Balka Zolota deposits, respectively, in the sublatitudinal ore-bearing zones. From the West to the East gold mineralization gradually changes to gold-molybdenum and molybdenum. Gannivka molybdenum and Zhovtіanka gold occurrences are adjacent and localized in the submeridional zone of the Kryvyi Rih-Kremenchuk fault, and not spatially combined. However, similar to the etalon Lobash deposit, they can be combined as elements of a common ore-generating system related to a submeridional-extended granite massif undiscovered by erosion. In the process of previously performed geological surveys and related research, these ore prospects were studied and evaluated separately for each type of minerals. It is proposed to carry out further geological research in the context of spatially and genetically combining of gold and molybdenum mineralization. First of all it concerns deposits and occurrences of Sura GSS, where it is rationally to place two complex gold-molybdenum deposits: Sergiivka and Balka Zolota. This approach, which involves carrying out mining and exploration works on a joint scientific and technical base for molybdenum and gold ores, will undoubtedly have good economic efficiency and, ultimately, substantially increase the investment attractiveness of one or another deposit, facilitate the early launch industrial exploitation.

Geological Setting of the West Meliadine Gold Deposits, Western Churchill Province, Nunavut, Canada

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 49-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. CARPENTER ◽  
N.A. DUKE
Keyword(s):  
Structural Control ◽  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Amphibolite Facies ◽  
Iron Sulfides ◽  
The West ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Geological Setting ◽  
Metavolcanic Rocks

Abstract The West Meliadine area is underlain by structurally interleaved panels of mafic and minor ultramafic metavolcanic rocks and metasedimentary rocks that occur along the northern margin of the Neoarchean Rankin Inlet greenstone belt. Three structural and metamorphic domains are recognized: (1) the easterly Wesmeg domain; (2) the central Barracuda-Ridge domain; and (3) the westerly Peter Lake domain. The Wesmeg domain is characterized by a series of southeast-trending, north-dipping, foliation-parallel panels of greenschist facies mafic metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks. The Barracuda-Ridge domain is comprised of greenschist to amphibolite facies mafic metavolcanic rocks that define an east-northeast-trending structural grain. The Peter Lake domain consists of amphibolite facies mafic metavolcanic rocks and minor metasedimentary rocks intruded by a monzonite pluton. West Meliadine hosts the economically significant Wesmeg gold deposits, as well as other important gold showings across the Barracuda-Ridge and Peter Lake domains. The geological setting of the Wesmeg gold deposits resembles that of a break or fault zone. The Pyke Break is a major geophysical discontinuity (>65-km strike length) and is the first-order structural control on gold mineralization at West Meliadine. It is several kilometers wide and characterized by polyphase deformation and shear zone development accompanied by lode-gold mineralization. In general, gold concentration is related to quartz and iron-carbonate veining, iron sulfides (mainly arsenopyrite and pyrrhotite), and accompanying silicate alteration minerals that overprint favorable chemical and structural traps late in the history of deformation.

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