scholarly journals Investigation of Copper Recovery from a New Copper Deposit (Nussir) in Northern-Norway: Thionocarbamates and Xanthate-Thionocarbamate Blend as Collectors

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Dhar ◽  
Maria Thornhill ◽  
Hanumantha Kota
Keyword(s):  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Copper Deposit ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Resource Estimation ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Collector System ◽  
Selective Interaction ◽  
Tectonic Window ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Collector Concentration

Norway has newly seen an upsurge of interest in exploiting its mineral deposits influenced by fresh Government focus and survey support for previously under-prospected areas. One of the major areas of interest is a huge copper deposit, operated by Nussir ASA, located in the Repparfjord tectonic window in the Caledonides of west Finnmark. The latest mineral resource estimation is from July 2014, which states that Nussir consists of 5.8 million tonnes of indicated resources and 60.2 million tonnes of inferred resources, giving 66 million tonnes of copper ore. This paper represents the first study on processing characteristics of this ore to date. Our parallel studies using xanthates and dithiophosphates as collectors for Nussir ore flotation examined the grade and recovery of copper, silver, gold, and platinum group (PGM) minerals. Therefore, in this subsequent study, a chelating agent n-Butoxycarbonyl-O-n-butyl thionocarbamate (BBT) is used as a collector and it was found that the recovery and grades of the economically interesting minerals are improved at as low as 2 × 10−5 M collector concentration. Zeta potential, Hallimond flotation and adsorption studies were initially performed in order to assess the selective interaction of BBT and its blend with SIBX (Sodium Isobutyl xanthate) on the three copper minerals of the ore. The bench scale flotation experiments were performed using mixtures of xanthate and thionocarbamate collectors of the Nussir ore and both the resulting copper recovery and grade employing these collector mixtures is observed to be 2–8% superior to the use of a single collector system. Additionally, the current study revealed that the metallurgical results are strongly influenced by the ratio of the collectors in the mixture and particularly the sequence of the collector addition.

Bioleaching of Low-Grade Copper Sulfide Ore Using a Colum Reactor

2009 ◽  
Vol 71-73 ◽  
pp. 409-412
Author(s):  
Wen Qing Qin ◽  
Yan Sheng Zhang ◽  
Shi Jie Zhen ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Jian Wen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Leaching Rate ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Copper Leaching ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Mixed Bacteria

The effects of several variables on the column bioleaching of copper sulphide ore have been investigated. The copper ore contained chalcopyrite as the main sulfide minerals and bornite and chalcocite as the minor minerals. The experiment was carried out using bench-scale column leach reactors designed in Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, which were inoculated with the pure mesophile bacteria (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) and thermophile bacteria (Sulfobacillus), respectively, and the mixed bacteria which contain both iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. The results show that the mixed cultures were more efficient than the pure cultures alone and the maximum copper recovery 53.64% was achieved using the mixed cultures after 85 days. The leaching rate of chalcopyrite tended to increase with the increased dissolved ferric iron concentration. The effect of particle size on the rate of the copper leaching was also investigated, and it was shown that the copper bioleaching rate decreases as the amount of fines increase, which limits the permeability, thus decreases leaching rate. Jarosite and elemental sulphur formed in the column were characterized by the X-ray and EDS.

Influence of particle size on copper recovery from sulfide ore by the moderately thermophilic microorganisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Wen-bo Zhou ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Yu-guang Wang ◽  
Li-juan Zhang ◽  
Hai-na Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Mineral Particle ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Thermophilic Microorganisms ◽  
Moderately Thermophilic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Leaching Condition

The bioleaching of copper ore by the defined moderately thermophilic consortium containing Leptospirillum ferriphilum and Acidithiobacillus caldus was carried out in the bench-scale column. Bioleaching experiments showed that the leaching rate was 25% higher than that of a conventional leaching and the acid consumption was reduced by 33% at the optimal leaching condition. Meanwhile, the effect of different particle sizes on the rate of the copper leaching was also investigated, and it was shown that the particle size affects the bioleaching rate significantly in the range of 5–25 mm, in which approximately 89.27% of copper was extracted at 5–10 mm, while only 57.08% at 15–25 mm. The results obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the mineral samples before and after microbial and chemical leaching revealed that the decrease in particle size of the minerals resulted in an enhancement of complex microbial interactions. Especially for the particle size of 5–10 mm, a significant amount of elemental sulfur and jarosite formed on the surface of the mineral, while it was further confirmed that critical microbe-mineral interactions have taken place on the mineral surface. The results indicated that mineral particle size is an integral factor to improve the copper recovery from ore in heap leaching operation. This will provide a reference to the heap construction for the bioleaching.

Major and minor element lithogeochemical anomalies surrounding the Louvem copper deposit, Val d'Or, Quebec

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1161-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Spitz ◽  
Richard Darling
Keyword(s):  
Major Element ◽  
Copper Deposit ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Minor Element ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
Chemical Zoning ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Volcanogenic Deposits ◽  
Alteration Pattern

Major element distributions in meta-rhyodacitic flows and fragmental rocks surrounding the Louvem volcanogenic copper deposit show a broad linear anomaly parallel to the local strike. At least 420 m long and up to 210 m wide, this altered area contains rocks that have high Fe+2, S, and low Na2O, CaO, and CO2 values. Included in the central portion of this large anomaly is a 100 m by 50 m highly altered area that contains rocks with high H2O and MgO values and crudely outlines the ore deposit.Element-ratio maps and a map showing percentage peraluminous character all display easily recognizable anomalies that mark the zone of altered rocks enclosing the ore deposit. Of the element ratios investigated at Louvem, Al2O3/Na2O appears to offer the most practical tool for mineral exploration.The chemical zoning of the altered fragmental layer that includes the copper ore is symmetrical about the long axis of the stratigraphically concordant orebody, but in a longitudinal direction this symmetry is absent. Instead, the alteration changes progressively from dominantly chloritic at the western end to pyritic at the eastern end of the study area. This alteration pattern seems to suggest that ore deposition was effected by hydrothermal solutions moving along the layer of now-altered fragmental rocks. By analogy with the chloritic alteration pipes underlying pyritic volcanogenic deposits, it seems probable that the direction of fluid flow was from west to east.

scholarly journals Copper Recovery from Silicate-Containing Low-Grade Copper Ore Using Flotation Followed by High-Pressure Oxidative Leaching

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baisui HAN ◽  
Batnasan ALTANSUKH ◽  
Kazutoshi HAGA ◽  
Yasushi TAKASAKI ◽  
Atsushi SHIBAYAMA
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Oxidative Leaching

Smelting Copper Ore from Rudna Glava, Yugoslavia

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Tylecote ◽  
P. T. Craddock
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Copper Deposit ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Copper Mine ◽  
Iron Mine ◽  
Chalcolithic Period ◽  
Copper Ores

Jovanovič has recently drawn attention to the early copper mine at Rudna Glava in the copper mining area of Maidanpek-Bor in Eastern Serbia (Jovanovič 1979, 103). This copper deposit has iron associated with it. In some respects this occurrence of iron and copper together compares with the deposit at Phalabora in South Africa where copper and other minerals are mined today. Rudna Glava has been a copper mine in the Chalcolithic period and an iron mine in the Turkish period. Today it is worked out, but the working of the iron ore has left exposed some of the shafts and galleries used by Chalcolithic and Bronze Age copper miners. It has been possible to obtain a sample of the copper ores used in the early periods and integrate them into a smelting programme (Tylecote et al. 1977, 305), the main purpose of which has been to determine the partitioning of the three elements between the ore, the slag and the metal. The object of this exercise was to try and relate the artefacts, the slag, and metal to the ore source. So far, ores from the British Isles, Spain, and Africa have been examined and reported (Tylecote 1977). The sample from Yugoslavia came rather too late for the first report but the work is continuing.The smelting work described in this report was carried out by Ali Ghaznavi and the analyses were kindly made by R. Hetherington formerly of Newcastle University and Dr P. T. Craddock of the British Museum Research Laboratory. I have to thank Dr B. Jovanovič of the Archaeological Institute, Belgrade, for supplying the material and inspiring the work.

Primary Copper Ore Leaching by Leaching Solution Adjusted Oxidation-Reduction Potential in Column

2015 ◽  
Vol 1130 ◽  
pp. 355-358
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Shinkawa ◽  
Taro Kamiya ◽  
Kazuhiro Kojima ◽  
Tadashi Chida
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Copper Sulfide ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Column Leaching ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Copper Leaching ◽  
Leaching Solution

Copper ore is classified into three groups; primary copper sulfide, copper oxide and secondary copper sulfide. Leaching copper from primary copper sulfide, such as chalcopyrite, with sulfuric acid takes longer time than from copper oxide and secondary copper sulfide. As such, an oxidant is required to extract copper from chalcopyrite. In this study, column leaching tests were carried out using primary copper sulfide ores produced in an iron oxide copper gold (IOCG) deposit and rich in iron in coparison to porphyry copper ores. The columns of 10 cm diameter and 100 cm long had a double tube structure so that the column temperature can be kept at desired temperature by circulating warm water in the outer tube. The oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the leaching solutions were adjustedto 400, 450 and 500 mV vs Ag/AgCl. The column leaching test using just pH 2.0 sulfuric acid without adjustment of ORP at 45 °C got a copper recovery rate of 37 % in 400 days. On the other hand, with ORP adjusted leaching solutions of pH 2.0 sulfuric acid containing 500 mg/L Fe, the copper recovery rate reached up to 87 % in 400 days.In addition, it was necessary to keep the temperature above 45 oC to enhance copper leaching by ORP adjusted leaching solution. The result of the column leaching test at room temperature (around 30 °C) using ORP adjusted leaching solution shows that the recovery rate of copper is lower than the result at 45 °C. The ORP adjustment of leaching solution is effective for leaching copper from primary copper sulfide ore, however, the leaching temperature needs to be kept above 45 °C. As a result, it makes clear that copper leaching is enhanced by utilization of ORP adjusted leaching solutions and suggests that the solution ORP control is important to the application of bioleaching.

Efficiently Utilizing a Low Grade and Complex Copper Ore by Flotation

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 929-934
Author(s):  
Qi Nie ◽  
Xiao Si Zhou ◽  
Fen Lan Peng ◽  
Xu Shen ◽  
Zhi Zhang Li
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Copper Concentrate ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Complex Copper

Based on the analysis of the properties of the copper ore from Jinggu area in Yunnan province, a suitable technical route was presented for processing of eligible copper concentrate and the main factors i.e. grinding fineness, Na2S dosage and collector dosage, affecting the quality of roughing concentration was investigated. On this basis, a close-circuit flotation test scheme was preceded, which obtained a high quality copper concentrate with Cu grade of 16.08%, copper recovery of 58.52%. The recovery of copper concentrate is much lower than the Cu recovery of roughing concentrate from the condition experiments. This may be contributed to the fact that fine slime carried by middling worsens the separation of copper minerals and gangues. The Mo was enriched in concentrate, which is significantly considered to recovery in further work.

HYPOGENE ALUNITE FROM THE EL SALVADOR DISTRICT, CHILE, INDICATES POTENTIAL FOR A BLIND PORPHYRY COPPER CENTER

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Hedenquist ◽  
Yasushi Watanabe ◽  
Antonio Arribas
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Porphyry Copper ◽  
Copper Deposit ◽  
Hydrothermal Activity ◽  
Porphyry Copper Deposits ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Copper Mineralization ◽  
Alteration Minerals ◽  
Porphyry Copper Mineralization ◽  
Granodiorite Porphyry

Abstract Surface samples of hypogene alunite that cement late breccia bodies from the El Salvador porphyry copper district of Chile were recently dated. One alunite sample over the principal Turquoise Gulch porphyry deposit has a 40Ar/39Ar total gas age of 40.64 ± 1.04 Ma, overlapping the age of a late latite intrusion. Two other samples associated with quartz-alunite replacement of rhyolite, ~750 m southwest of the collapse zone over the block cave of the porphyry copper deposit, are distinctly younger, at 38.12 ± 0.66 and 38.04 ± 0.22 Ma (averages of duplicate analyses, with ±2σ errors). Previously reported U/Pb ages of zircons from 15 Eocene-age diorite, granodiorite, and granite porphyry intrusions have weighted mean ages that range from about 44 to 41 Ma, with peak magmatic flux interpreted at 44 to 43 Ma. Porphyry copper ores in the El Salvador district formed at about the same time as porphyry intrusions, with intrusive centers that migrated in a south-southwest direction, from the small deposits at Cerro Pelado (~44.2 Ma), to Old Camp (~43.6 Ma) and M Gulch-Copper Hill (~43.5–43.1 Ma), to the main ore deposit at Turquoise Gulch (~42 Ma). The granodiorite porphyry intrusions at Turquoise Gulch are associated with ~80% of the known copper ore of the district; they record waning stages of magmatism at 42.5 to 42.0 Ma, followed by weakly altered latite dikes at 41.6 Ma. Molybdenite in quartz veins returned Re-Os ages of 41.8 to 41.2 Ma. The two alunite samples from our study with coincident dates of ~38 Ma provide evidence for magmatic-hydrothermal activity younger than any recognized to date, consistent with the alteration overprint of quartz-alunite on older muscovite after erosion. This younger activity must have been associated with a blind intrusion, likely located south of the Turquoise Gulch deposit, based on the distribution of alteration minerals, and offset from the zoning associated with the Turquoise Gulch center. Stable isotope values (δ34S, δ18O, δD) of the ~38 Ma alunite indicate a high-temperature hypogene origin, consistent with formation in a lithocap environment that typically is located at shallow levels over and on the shoulders of porphyry copper deposits. Both observations—alteration overprint and markedly younger age of alunite—indicate the potential for porphyry copper mineralization south of Granite Gulch, as much as 1,000 m below the level of the coeval outcropping quartz-alunite replacement, perhaps near ~2,000-m elevation; this is hundreds of meters deeper than the known copper ore of Turquoise Gulch.

INVESTIGATION OF LEAVE LEVEL OF COPPER ORE OF ZHEZKAZGAN DEPOSIT

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
N. Zhalgasuly ◽  
A. V. Kogut ◽  
A. A. Ismailova
Keyword(s):  
Copper Deposit ◽  
Secondary Development ◽  
Underground Leaching ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Sulphide Ore ◽  
Mineral Wealth ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators ◽  
Copper Ores

In the conditions of the Zhezkazgan copper deposit, which is worked underground, the losses of ore in the left pillars fluctuate from 12 to  25 %, sometimes reaching 40%. During the development of the  Zhezkazgan deposit, tens of millions of tons of rich ore were left in  various kinds of losses. The annual increase in ore losses in various  parts, taking into account the increasing production, is  approximately equal to the annual productivity of the whole mine.  Also in the production process so far rich in content of the interlayer  copper ores of low power. Therefore, the search for the most  effective methods of mining lost, off-balance and waste ores is of  paramount importance. One of such methods is underground  leaching, which allows to carry out their secondary development and make maximum use of the mineral wealth. The aim of the research  was to experimentally study the leaching of oxidized, mixed and  sulphide copper ores of the old spent mines in the Zhezkazgan deposit using various solvents. The squeezing of oxide  and sulphide rudes was carried out in 2 stages, when the durability  of the experimental crests was 35 hours and the durable 294 hours.  The oxidant-sulphide ore is 20 mm high and can be cured at 50-80  % media, for 10 months. For the period of time, the chalcocin rudus  is derived from 30 to 50 % of media, and from 5 to 12 % of bernital  chalcopyrite, which results in the effectiveness of the subsequent  method of squeezing the effluent. The best dissolves are acidic acid  (5-10 g/l) and acidified sulphate oxide (5 g/l). Residual cystic acid  production and development of oxidant processes up to 1.6-3.2 t/t  for medium oxidized rudder and up to 2.54.1 t/t for chalcocin rudder, which acts as a catalyst for thawing technical and economic indicators.

Research on Flotation Tests of Sulfide Copper Ore from Yunan

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 3466-3471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Jie Wang ◽  
Shu Ming Wen ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Qi Cheng Feng ◽  
Meng Yang Lv
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Processing ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Iron Deposit ◽  
Flow Sheet ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Butyl Xanthate ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Concentrate Grade

The mineral processing flow sheet and reagent system of flotation copper minerals from a large copper-iron deposit in Yunnan were fully investigated. The results indicate that the optimum conditions for flotation of copper minerals from the material were identified as grinding fineness of 85%, dosage of CaO at 2000g/t , dosage of Na2S at 200 g/t, dosage of butyl xanthate 40g/t. Under such a condition, a copper recovery of 88.17% with a concentrate grade of 26.86% was achieved from the material using a closed circuit flow sheet of "one-stage roughing flotation, one-stage cleaning flotation and one-stage scavenging flotation.

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