scholarly journals Mobile Forms of Gold and Pathfinder Elements in Surface Sediments at the Novye Peski Gold Deposit and in the Piilola Prospecting Area (Karelia Region)

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Korshunova ◽  
Marina Charykova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Gold Deposit ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mobile Form ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Pathfinder Elements

The success of prospecting for gold deposit in overburdened areas based on the using of secondary dispersion haloes mostly depends on the chosen method of geochemical survey (sampling horizon, sample preparation for analysis, etc.). At the same time, the geochemistry of gold in the supergene zone is insufficiently studied, especially it’s migration and concentration in association with other elements in surface sediments due to weathering of gold-bearing ore. The main aim of the study presented in this paper is the determination of mobile forms of gold and pathfinder elements (As, Cu, Ni, Ag, Zn, Pb, Se, Sb, Mo, Bi, and Te) in podzol soil and moraine in the areas of Karelia region with known gold mineralization. As a result of conducted experiments it was determined that the main mobile forms of gold are water-soluble and bound to organic matter, while pathfinder elements bound preferably to Fe and Mn(hydr)oxides and to organic matter. As gold and some pathfinders bind with organic matter, this form was considered in more detail, and the elements’ interaction with humic and fulvic acids was investigated. In addition, it was determined that the studied elements are quite “mobile” because the percentage of the mobile form in their total content was mostly more than 50%. The main features of the elements’ migration and concentration were identified in surface sediments of the study areas.

scholarly journals Forms of Gold and Arsenic in Surface Sediments at the Novye Peski Gold Deposit and Their Sorption by Humic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Vera Korshunova ◽  
Marina Charykova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Gold Deposit ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
Modelling Process

Forms of gold and arsenic, as one of the main pathfinders, were researched in the podzolic, illuvial, and parent material horizons of podzol soil at the Novye Peski gold deposit. Forms of gold and arsenic were studied with the sequential extraction method. The results of this study showed that the main forms of gold are water-soluble, bound to organic matter, and “insoluble”; for arsenic: bound to Fe and Mn-(oxy)hydroxides and bound to organic matter. The form bound to organic matter was considered in detail and gold and arsenic were analyzed in humic and fulvic acids solutions extracted from podzol soil. It was determined that gold is mainly bound to humic acid (HA), and arsenic to fulvic acid. Due to the prevalence of the form of gold bound to humic acid, the modelling process of different gold and arsenic (III) contents sorption on solid humic acid were observed and data on quantity of adsorbed ions per unit mass of HA and recovery ratio were obtained. More than 90% gold recovery rate was observed for concentrations less than 10 µg/cm3 and for arsenic it was in a range of 8–15%.

scholarly journals Regularities of La distribution in humic psammozem profile of Transbaikalia and soil-root layer microzones of maize during the vegetation period

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Larisa Afanasyeva ◽  
Nina Kozhevnikova
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mobile Form ◽  
Field Approach ◽  
Mobile Forms

In Transbaikalia information about accumulation, distribution of rare earth elements (REEs) in soils, their transportation from soil to plants is very rare. The aim of this study was to assess the migration of lanthanum in a soil profile and soil-root layer microzones of maize during the vegetation period. The study is based on a field approach in non-polluted natural sites. Concentration of total content La and its mobile form (acid-soluble, exchangeable and water-soluble) in the soil and soil root layer of maize was determined using method of selective extraction Gobran and Glegg. Maximum concentration total La was founded in the upper part of the soil (0 to 15 cm depth). The content of the La mobile forms is 6.9-11.2% from the total amount. The distribution of the element mobile forms within the profile is relatively even. Results indicated that concentration La mobile forms changed in accordance with the phase of maize development. The higher concentration of mobile forms (17-120% from germination period) was founded in soil-root layer microzones in the blossom period. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10527 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 213-220

Influence of humus acids on mobility and biological availability of iron, zinc and copper

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
A. Fateev ◽  
D. Semenov ◽  
K. Smirnova ◽  
A. Shemet
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Cultivation Medium ◽  
Mobile Forms

Soil organic matter is known as an important condition for the mobility of trace elements in soils, their geo- chemical migration and availability to plants. However, various components of soil organic matter have differ- ent effect on these processes due to their signifi cant differences in structure and properties. Aim. To establish the role of humic and fulvic acids in the process of formation of microelement mobility in soils and their accu- mulation in plants. Methods. A model experiment with sand culture was used to investigate the release of trace elements from preparations of humic and fulvic acids and their uptake by oat plants. Results. It was found that among biologically needed elements humic acids are enriched with iron, fulvic acids – with zinc, and copper distribution between these two groups of substances may be characterized as even. These elements have un- equal binding power with components of soil organic matter, as evidenced by their release into the cultivation medium and accumulation in plants. In the composition of fulvic acids zink has the most mobility – up to 95 % of this element is in the form, accessible for plants; the lowest mobility was demonstrated by copper in the composition with humic acids, for which no signifi cant changes in the concentration of mobile forms in the substrate and in the introduction to the test culture were registered. Despite signifi cantly higher iron content in humic acids, the application of fulvic acids in the cultivation medium provides a greater increase in the con- centration of mobile forms of this element. Conclusions. The results confi rm the important role of organic sub- stances of fulvic nature in the formation of zinc and iron mobility in the soil and their accumulation in plants.

scholarly journals Assessment of anthropogenic contamination in an urban territory by the example of Blagoveshchensk city

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-93
Author(s):  
V. I. Radomskaya ◽  
N. A. Borodina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Mobile Forms

The distribution of heavy metals (HM) was analyzed in soils of Blagoveshchensk. The main physicochemical features (pH, the content of organic substance, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, the exchangeable cations of calcium and magnesium, as well as the total content of Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, Pb, Mn, Cd, Zn) were studied in soil samples. The anthropogenic influence on the urban environment transforms the physicochemical properties of soils: alkalizes the soil cover, increases the organic matter content, exchangeable bases, and mobile forms of biogenic elements. The total content of studied HM in the soils of Blagoveshchensk exceeds their concentrations in soils of the Mukhinka background territory and shows the spatial heterogeneity of pollutants distribution in the upper soil layer. As proceeds from the comparison of the studied elements concentrations with their MPC/APC, the most polluted territories are confined to industrial zones. Four elements, i.e., Mn, Pb, Cd and Zn, are accumulated in urban soils. However, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr accumulation is not so important. The calculation results of total contamination index in the upper soil cover layer in Blagoveshchensk taking into account the HM toxicity coefficient prove that Blagoveshchensk soils are mainly classified as moderately hazardous and nonhazardous. The evidence on the total content of HM do not allow making conclusion about their geochemical behavior in soils and about possible transition to neighbor environment. That is why the most mobile and easily mobilized forms of heavy metals, i.e., water-soluble and specifically adsorbed forms, were extracted using the method of successive extractions. The mobility of metals was established to be higher in the urban soils as compared to the background soils. Among the studied elements, Cd, Pb and Zn proved to be the most hazardous, with their mobility being close to the average risk of being included in the nutrition chains. This may lead to the contamination of Amur cross-boundary river ecosystems with heavy metals in case the groundwater level rises in the Blagoveshchensk territory due to its waterlogging by the Zeya River water.

scholarly journals The content of manganese in soddy brown soils of the Transcarpathian Mountain Valleys

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
E. P. Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Parent Rock ◽  
Acetate Buffer Solution ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Mass Spectrometery

The soil covering of Transcarpathia, which is used for cultivation of crops, is rather heterogeneous as to genetic features of soils. This is mostly caused by the climatic conditions of corresponding natural zones. Brown mountain soils, soddy brown soils, meadow brown soils and mountain meadow soils have originated in mountainous areas on mountain ranges and slopes of different altitude, which are different in terms of mechanical makeup and are well drained. They are characterized by high content of inaccessible humus (in which fulvic acids predominate), acid reaction of soil solution and evident diversity in provision of mobile forms of nourishing chemicals. On the average, the reaction of soil solution is 4,60 pH of a salt solution, in the case of hydrolytic acidity – 4, 28 me/100g of soil, which characterizes them as semi-acidic. The aim of our thesis is to research the level of manganese, which is one of essential and toxic elements for plants, depending on its concentration in soil, in soddy brown soils of the mountainous zone of Thranscarpathia, and also its distribution in profile of soil horizons. To carry out this aim, samples of soil were chosen by random selection. Total manganese in the soil was determined by the method of mass spectrometery. The samples were extracted by hydrogen peroxide, chlorohydric and azotic acids (ext. p.). Dissolution of the samples was carried out using microwave sample preparation system. Active forms of manganese were extracted by generally accepted extragents: water-soluble extragent – deionized water; free forms of manganese – ammonium acetate buffer solution рН 4.8 according to M. K. Krupskyi and H. М. Alexandrova. Afterwards, the samples of soil were analysed using the method of mass spectrometery. According to the results of the research, the max. total of the manganese is observed in the mineral upper humus-accumulative horizon, but if you make a transition to the parent rock, it decreases. According to the quantitative research on determining free forms of manganese, it can be observed that soddy brown soils of the researched region are provided with the mobile forms of manganese both in the upper humus horizon and in lower transitional humus horizon. Moreover, the humus horizon of the observed region has a high content of mobile forms of manganese, which constitutes >20,1, and in the transitional horizon to the parent rock the provision index is high. A considerable increase in the water-soluble manganese in the upper humus horizon was also observed. Its concentration is considerably decreased with a transition to the lower humus horizon. The research data confirms that soddy brown soils of the observed region are contaminated with manganese compounds.

scholarly journals Effect of Source of Organic Matter Level and Phosphorous Level on Phosphorous Forms and Humic Acids Release in Gypsiferous Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012075
Author(s):  
Noor AL-Dean Mohammed Muhawish ◽  
Nashmi Ahmed Hilal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Sheep Manure

Abstract A laboratory experiment was conducted in the Department of Soil Sciences and Water Resources, College of Agriculture/Tikrit University for the year 2019 for the purpose of studying the effect of the source and level of organic matter and the level of added phosphorous on the level of phosphorous forms and humic acids in gypsum soil. A factorial experiment was conducted with three factors: The first factor: the type of organic matter (sheep manure and compost), the second factor: the level of organic matter as follows (0.5, 1.0, 1.5)% of the weight of the soil, and the third factor: it included phosphorous levels (0, 40, 80, 120) mg kg −1. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomization design (RCD) with three replications. To reach the field capacity to maintain the humidity of the experimental units, after the end of the incubation period (two months), the samples were air-dried, ground and passed through a sieve with holes (2) mm in diameter, then humic and fulvic acids, soluble, ready-made and organic acids were measured. With water and phosphorous prepared and organic by increasing the level of organic matter added, 1.5% was the best. It was also noted that the best level of phosphorous for the above indicators was the level (120) mg kg−1 compared to the rest of the levels, and that sheep manure outperformed the organic fertilizer in all the studied traits. Interventional treatment of 1.5% of the residual organic matter at a level of (120) mg kg−1 gave the highest significant effect, and the concentrations of humic and fulvic acid were (8.35 and 2.95) g kg−1 respectively. The treatment gave 1.5% organic matter for sheep manure and (120) mg kg−1 which is the highest value in the amount of water-soluble, ready-made and organic phosphorus with an average of (13.80, 71.35 and 167.44) mg kg−1 respectively.

scholarly journals Composition of organic matter in peat soils of the northern trans-Urals depending on groundwater level

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 01004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Iglovikov ◽  
Alexander Motorin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Groundwater Occurrence

The paper presents the results of lysometric studies of the composition of organic matter of peat soils depending on the level of groundwater occurrence. It is established that the amount of bitumen in the arable layer (0.2 m) of medium-power peat soil at 0.5 m ground water level (UGV) is less by 1.65 % than at the depth of 1.0 m and by 4.34 % at 1.5 m. There is no specific dependence on the UHW downstream of the soil profile. The increase of groundwater depth from 0.5 to 1.5 m reduces the amount of water-soluble and easily hydrolyzed substances in the arable layer at 100 °C from 5.68 to 4.48 %. At the groundwater level of 0.5 m, the maximum presence (34.25 %) of substances hydrolysable by 2 % HCl was determined, which is 3.4–3.8 % higher than at 1–1.5 m. The maximum amount of humic acids in peat soil (32.05 %) is set at 0.5 m CKD. In the arable layer, the excess is 4.5 % in comparison with one and a half meters of groundwater. The amount of fulvic acids practically does not depend on the groundwater table and is within the range of 17.7–17.9 %. With the same botanical composition of peat, the increase in the depth of groundwater occurrence from 0.5 to 1.5 m reduces the content of hard-tohydrolyze 80 % of H2SO4 substances in the arable layer from 2.82 to 2.31 %. The number of compounds difficult to hydrolyze with acid is represented by 46–52 % cellulose and does not depend on the level of groundwater. The presence of lignin in peat is several times higher than the cellulose content. There is a dependence of decrease in the lignin content at increase in depth of occurrence of ground waters from 0.5 m (6.63 %) to 1.5 m (5.23 %).

scholarly journals Soil organic matter as a function of nitrogen fertilization in crop successions

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Yagi ◽  
Manoel Evaristo Ferreira ◽  
Mara Cristina Pessôa da Cruz ◽  
José Carlos Barbosa ◽  
Luiz Alberto Navarro de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Fractionation Method ◽  
C And N ◽  
N Rates

The interdependence between the C and N cycles is reflected by the levels of soil organic matter (SOM). SOM and organic C levels in water soluble (C-WS) humic acids (C-HA), fulvic acids (C-FA), and humin fractions (C-H) were evaluated through the classic chemical fractionation method in samples of a Rhodic Eutrudox from a randomized blocks experimental design, with split-split-plots using five nitrogen sidedressing levels for corn (0; 60; 120; 180; and 240 kg ha-1 N) as the main treatment, two crop sequences (corn-corn and soybean-corn) as the secondary treatment, and two sampling depths (0 to 0.2 and 0.2 to 0.4 m) as a sub-subtreatment. Nitrogen fertilization did not affect SOM levels, but favored the synthesis of substances in the C-HA fraction. There was a quadratic effect of N rates on the C-WS and C-FA levels in the corn-corn succession. The soybean-corn succession resulted in larger SOM and organic C levels in the C-H fraction.

scholarly journals Leaching Behavior of As, Pb, Ni, Fe, and Mn from Subsurface Marine and Nonmarine Depositional Environment in Central Kanto Plain, Japan

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Sushmita Hossain ◽  
Takashi Ishiyama ◽  
Shoichi Hachinohe ◽  
Chiaki T. Oguchi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Leaching Behavior ◽  
Core Sediment ◽  
Mn Oxide

The leaching behavior of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) was investigated from subsurface core sediment of marine and nonmarine depositional environments in central Kanto Plain, Japan. A four-step sequential extraction technique was adopted to determine the chemical speciation, potential mobility, and bioavailability of metals under natural conditions in variable depositional environments. In addition, a correlation of these properties with pore water and total metal content was carried out. The concentration of As in pore water was found to be 2–3 times higher than the permissible limit (10 µg/L) for drinking water and leachate in fluvial, transitional, and marine environments. The trend of potential mobile fractions of As, Pb, and Ni showed Fe–Mn oxide bound > carbonate bound > ion exchangeable bound > water soluble in the fluvial environment. However, in the marine environment, it showed Fe–Mn oxide bound > water soluble > carbonate bound > ion exchangeable bound for As. The leaching of As in this fluvial environment is due to the organic matter-mediated, reductive dissolution of Fe–Mn oxide bound, where Mn is the scavenger. The amount of total content of As and sulfur (S) in transitional sediment reflects an elevated level of leachate in pore water, which is controlled by S reduction. However, the leaching of As in marine sediment is controlled by pH and organic matter content.

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