scholarly journals Short-Range Stacking Disorder in Mixed-Layer Compounds: A HAADF STEM Study of Bastnäsite-Parisite Intergrowths

Minerals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Ciobanu ◽  
Alkis Kontonikas-Charos ◽  
Ashley Slattery ◽  
Nigel Cook ◽  
Benjamin Wade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Stacking Disorder

A short range interaction model applied to illite/smectite mixed-layer minerals

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 574-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Blanc ◽  
A. Bieber ◽  
B. Fritz ◽  
J. Duplay
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Short Range Interaction ◽  
Range Interaction

scholarly journals Sensitivity of the Short-Range Precipitation Forecast in South China Region to Sea Surface Temperature Variations

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1138
Author(s):  
Diah Valentina Lestari ◽  
Xiaoming Shi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Precipitation Forecast ◽  
Layer Model ◽  
Mixed Layer Model

Ocean variability plays an essential role in the climate system at different time scales through air–sea interactions. Recent studies have addressed the importance of the ocean mixed layer in cooling feedback to tropical cyclones (TCs). However, using constant sea surface temperature (SST) in short-range weather forecasts remains common, especially in high-resolution regional models. This study investigates the role of subsurface ocean mixing in the short-range forecast of non-TC extreme rainfall with the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. In the simulations of 26 heavy rainfall cases, we found that using a one-dimensional mixed layer model leads to a 15% enhancement (reduction) of rainfall maximum in six (two) cases compared to using constant SST. When the initial depth of the mixed layer model is perturbed by the amount of daily variability, 13 cases exhibit larger than 15% increases or decreases. A detailed analysis of one case suggests that the radiative process dominates the overall response of SST. The warming and moistening of boundary layer air cause significant strengthening of updrafts in convection. Although the SST change in most cases due to varying mixed layer model setups is less than 0.5 K, convective motions in some cases are surprisingly sensitive to small changes.

Long- and Short-Range Constraints for the Structure Determination of Layered Silicates with Stacking Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 6994-7008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvian Cadars ◽  
Mathieu Allix ◽  
Darren H. Brouwer ◽  
Ramzy Shayib ◽  
Matthew Suchomel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Determination ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Layered Silicates ◽  
Stacking Disorder

Simulation of powder diffraction patterns of mixed-layer compounds in the restacked binary nanosheet system Ti0.91O2–MnO2

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuko Onoda ◽  
Zhaoping Liu ◽  
Kazunori Takada ◽  
Takayoshi Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Phase Relationship ◽  
Layered Composite ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Probability Table ◽  
Orthorhombic Cell ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Stacking Disorder

Two-component colloidal nanosheets in a Ti0.91O2–MnO2system with different compositions were restacked by flocculation with K ions. X-ray powder diffraction patterns of the products showed remarkably broad reflections. The structures suggested the presence of mixed layers of Ti0.91O2and MnO2connected by K ions. Powder pattern simulation was conducted using the matrix method, in an approach similar to that used for analyzing layered composite crystals with one-directional disorder. The following were considered: (1) stacking disorder in layered K–Ti-oxide, (2) stacking disorder in layered K–Mn-oxide, and (3) sequence probabilities of K–Ti-oxide and K–Mn-oxide sheets. Taking into consideration chemical composition, three types of probability tables were unified into one large probability table. For 00ζ calculation,zcoordinates of all atoms were used. Forh1k1ζ calculation except 00ζ, atom coordinates of the K–Ti-oxide sheet were used on an orthorhombic cell (a1= 2.96,b1= 3.77,c1= 9.32 Å), and forh2k2ζ calculation except 00ζ, those of the K–Mn-oxide sheet were used on a trigonal cell (a2=b2= 2.84,c2= 7.10 Å). The agreement in pattern fitting between the experimental and calculated intensities was satisfactory in all composition ranges. From the results, the phase relationship of the misfit mixed-layer material in the binary restacked nanosheet system of Ti0.91O2–MnO2flocculated with K ions was clarified.

“Preparation of Single Crystalline Gold Films for ED Studies”

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 634-635
Author(s):  
Joseph D. C. Peng
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Diffraction Theory ◽  
Scattering Matrix ◽  
Vacuum Evaporation ◽  
Gold Films ◽  
Matrix Formulation ◽  
Silver Films ◽  
Single Crystalline ◽  
Grating Pattern ◽  
Stacking Disorder

The relative intensities of the ED spots in a cross-grating pattern can be calculated using N-beam electron diffraction theory. The scattering matrix formulation of N-beam ED theory has been previously applied to imperfect microcrystals of gold containing stacking disorder (coherent twinning) in the (111) crystal plane. In the present experiment an effort has been made to grow single-crystalline, defect-free (111) gold films of a uniform and accurately know thickness using vacuum evaporation techniques. These represent stringent conditions to be met experimentally; however, if a meaningful comparison is to be made between theory and experiment, these factors must be carefully controlled. It is well-known that crystal morphology, perfection, and orientation each have pronounced effects on relative intensities in single crystals.The double evaporation method first suggested by Pashley was employed with some modifications. Oriented silver films of a thickness of about 1500Å were first grown by vacuum evaporation on freshly cleaved mica, with the substrate temperature at 285° C during evaporation with the deposition rate at 500-800Å/sec.

Domain coarsening by grain boundary migration in ordered Ni4Mo

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 560-561
Author(s):  
K. Vasudevan ◽  
H. P. Kao ◽  
C. R. Brooks ◽  
E. E. Stansbury
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Boundary Migration ◽  
Grain Boundary Migration ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Fee Structure ◽  
Domain Coarsening ◽  
Boundary Reaction

The Ni4Mo alloy has a short-range ordered fee structure (α) above 868°C, but transforms below this temperature to an ordered bet structure (β) by rearrangement of atoms on the fee lattice. The disordered α, retained by rapid cooling, can be ordered by appropriate aging below 868°C. Initially, very fine β domains in six different but crystallographically related variants form and grow in size on further aging. However, in the temperature range 600-775°C, a coarsening reaction begins at the former α grain boundaries and the alloy also coarsens by this mechanism. The purpose of this paper is to report on TEM observations showing the characteristics of this grain boundary reaction.

Ordering in Ni4Mo by TEM and APFIM

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 214-215
Author(s):  
E.A. Kenik ◽  
T.A. Zagula ◽  
M.K. Miller ◽  
J. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Range Order ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Probe Field ◽  
Disordered Phase ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

The state of long-range order (LRO) and short-range order (SRO) in Ni4Mo has been a topic of interest for a considerable time (see Brooks et al.). The SRO is often referred to as 1½0 order from the apparent position of the diffuse maxima in diffraction patterns, which differs from the positions of the LRO (D1a) structure. Various studies have shown that a fully disordered state cannot be retained by quenching, as the atomic arrangements responsible for the 1½0 maxima are present at temperatures above the critical ordering temperature for LRO. Over 20 studies have attempted to identify the atomic arrangements associated with this state of order. A variety of models have been proposed, but no consensus has been reached. It has also been shown that 1 MeV electron irradiation at low temperatures (∼100 K) can produce the disordered phase in Ni4Mo. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atom probe field ion microscopy (APFIM), and electron irradiation disordering have been applied in the current study to further the understanding of the ordering processes in Ni4Mo.

Early Education in Short-Range Historical Perspective

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 437-438
Author(s):  
CELIA STENDLER LAVATELLI
Keyword(s):  
Short Range ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Early Education

Short-range order effects in amorphous FexSi1-x/Si multilayers induced by preparation conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 08 (PR2) ◽  
pp. Pr2-175-Pr2-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Pérez ◽  
F. H. Salas ◽  
R. Morales ◽  
L. M. Álvarez-Prado ◽  
J. M. Alameda
Keyword(s):  
Short Range ◽  
Short Range Order ◽  
Range Order ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Preparation Conditions
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