scholarly journals Detection of Rare Earth Elements in Minerals and Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Using Interval PLS

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1379
Author(s):  
Nina Rethfeldt ◽  
Pia Brinkmann ◽  
Daniel Riebe ◽  
Toralf Beitz ◽  
Nicole Köllner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

The numerous applications of rare earth elements (REE) has lead to a growing global demand and to the search for new REE deposits. One promising technique for exploration of these deposits is laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Among a number of advantages of the technique is the possibility to perform on-site measurements without sample preparation. Since the exploration of a deposit is based on the analysis of various geological compartments of the surrounding area, REE-bearing rock and soil samples were analyzed in this work. The field samples are from three European REE deposits in Sweden and Norway. The focus is on the REE cerium, lanthanum, neodymium and yttrium. Two different approaches of data analysis were used for the evaluation. The first approach is univariate regression (UVR). While this approach was successful for the analysis of synthetic REE samples, the quantitative analysis of field samples from different sites was influenced by matrix effects. Principal component analysis (PCA) can be used to determine the origin of the samples from the three deposits. The second approach is based on multivariate regression methods, in particular interval PLS (iPLS) regression. In comparison to UVR, this method is better suited for the determination of REE contents in heterogeneous field samples.

A novel approach to sensitivity evaluation of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for rare earth elements determination

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2223-2226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timur A. Labutin ◽  
Sergey M. Zaytsev ◽  
Andrey M. Popov ◽  
Nikita B. Zorov
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Sensitivity Evaluation ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

We report the potential of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for the determination of lanthanum and yttrium in soils and rocks.

Determination of Carbon Content in Steel Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1382-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Aguilera ◽  
C. Aragón ◽  
J. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy has been used to determine carbon content in steel. The plasma was formed by focusing a Nd:YAG laser on the sample surface. With the use of time-resolved spectroscopy and generation of the plasma in nitrogen atmosphere, a precision of 1.6% and a detection limit of 65 ppm have been obtained. These values are similar to those of other accurate conventional techniques. Matrix effects for the studied steels are reduced to a small slope difference between the calibration curves for stainless and nonstainless steels.

scholarly journals Analysis of Rare Earth Elements in Uranium Using Handheld Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (HH LIBS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 1653-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin T. Manard ◽  
E. Miller Wylie ◽  
Stephen P. Willson
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Uranium Oxide ◽  
Nuclear Material ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Subsequent Exposure ◽  
Uranium Matrix

A portable handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (HH LIBS) instrument was evaluated as a rapid method to qualitatively analyze rare earth elements in a uranium oxide matrix. This research is motivated by the need for development of a method to perform rapid, at-line chemical analysis in a nuclear facility, particularly to provide a rapid first pass analysis to determine if additional actions or measurements are warranted. This will result in the minimization of handling and transport of radiological and nuclear material and subsequent exposure to their associated hazards. In this work, rare earth elements (Eu, Nd, and Yb) were quantitatively spiked into a uranium oxide powder and analyzed by the HH LIBS instrumentation. This method demonstrates the ability to rapidly identify elemental constituents in sub-percent levels in a uranium matrix. Preliminary limits of detection (LODs) were determined with values on the order of hundredths of a percent. Validity of this methodology was explored by employing a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard reference materials (SRM) 610 and 612 (Trace Elements in Glass). It was determined that the HH LIBS method was able to clearly discern the rare earths elements of interest in the glass or uranium matrices.

scholarly journals Soil Nutrient Detection for Precision Agriculture Using Handheld Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Multivariate Regression Methods (PLSR, Lasso and GPR)

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Erler ◽  
Daniel Riebe ◽  
Toralf Beitz ◽  
Hans-Gerd Löhmannsröben ◽  
Robin Gebbers
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Precision agriculture (PA) strongly relies on spatially differentiated sensor information. Handheld instruments based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) are a promising sensor technique for the in-field determination of various soil parameters. In this work, the potential of handheld LIBS for the determination of the total mass fractions of the major nutrients Ca, K, Mg, N, P and the trace nutrients Mn, Fe was evaluated. Additionally, other soil parameters, such as humus content, soil pH value and plant available P content, were determined. Since the quantification of nutrients by LIBS depends strongly on the soil matrix, various multivariate regression methods were used for calibration and prediction. These include partial least squares regression (PLSR), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (Lasso), and Gaussian process regression (GPR). The best prediction results were obtained for Ca, K, Mg and Fe. The coefficients of determination obtained for other nutrients were smaller. This is due to much lower concentrations in the case of Mn, while the low number of lines and very weak intensities are the reason for the deviation of N and P. Soil parameters that are not directly related to one element, such as pH, could also be predicted. Lasso and GPR yielded slightly better results than PLSR. Additionally, several methods of data pretreatment were investigated.

scholarly journals Quantification of rare earth elements using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhavi Martin ◽  
Rodger C. Martin ◽  
Steve Allman ◽  
Deanne Brice ◽  
Ann Wymore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Comparison of Near-Infrared and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Determination of Magnesium Stearate in Pharmaceutical Powders and Solid Dosage Forms

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Green ◽  
Mark D. Mowery ◽  
Julie A. Good ◽  
John P. Higgins ◽  
Steven M. Arrivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnesium Stearate ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Pharmaceutical Processing

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has become well established in both the pharmaceutical arena and other areas as a useful technique for rapid quantitative analysis of solid materials. Though laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has not been widely applied in the pharmaceutical industry, the technique has been used for rapid quantitative analysis of solids in many other applications. One analysis amenable to each technique is the determination of magnesium stearate in solids during the lubrication blending unit operation of pharmaceutical processing. A comparative study of the utility of these two techniques for this application will be presented. Necessary sample preparations and the extent and type of matrix effects will be discussed. Additionally, it will be shown that NIR provides better accuracy and precision than LIBS with the experimental parameters used; however, LIBS showed superior selectivity as it was demonstrated to be more robust to sample matrix perturbations. Examples of blending applications will also be presented.

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