scholarly journals Paleogeographic Characteristics of the Mengyejing Formation in the Simao Basin during Its Depositional Period and Its Indication of Potash Mineralization: A Case Study of MZK-3 Well

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Lou ◽  
Zhongying Miao ◽  
Mianping Zheng ◽  
Xuefei Zhang ◽  
Zhuang Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Oxidation Condition ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Marine Strata ◽  
Clastic Sediments ◽  
Post Archean Australian Shale ◽  
Deep Source

In China, pre-Quaternary solid potash deposit has only been discovered in the Simao Basin, and the Lower Cretaceous Mengyejing (MYJ) Formation (Fm.) is the productive layer of potash deposit. In this study, we investigated the clay conglomerates which are distributed in upper and lower members of the potash-bearing salt rock layer. We analyzed the relative contents of major elements (Al2O3, Fe2O3T, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O) and trace elements (B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ga, Mn, Ni, Rb, Sr, V, Zn, Zr) in the samples. The results show that MgO and CaO in the major elements are rich relative to Post Archean Australian Shale (PAAS), whose average enrichment factor values of the MgO (EFMgO) is 2.61 and CaO (EFCaO) is 4.57, and the others major elements are relatively minor; trace elements (B, Ga, Mn, Zr) are rich relative to PAAS, and the others trace elements are minor relative to PAAS. The study of paleogeographic conditions using various parameters shows that the paleoclimate is generally dry and hot during the period of clay conglomerate deposition, but it was warm and humid in certain periods; the main sedimentary environment is weak oxidation condition with strong oxidation conditions in individual periods; the average value of paleosalinity is ~21‰, and the highest is no more than ~92‰. The significance of the paleogeographic characteristics of MYJ Fm. to potash mineralization are as follows: (1) they indicates that the clay conglomerates of MYJ Fm. are not clastic sediments in brine formed by seawater, because the paleosalinity of clay conglomerates deposition period is obviously lower than that of seawater; (2) MYJ potassic salt ore is not formed by evaporation and concentration of seawater in clay conglomerates in the sedimentary basin, because there is no carbonate rock and sulfate rock of corresponding scale after the deposition of clay conglomerates in the basin; (3) clay conglomerates of MYJ Fm. were deposited in continental shallow water basin; (4) the matter source of potash minerals is deep marine strata; (5) in the MYJ Fm. sedimentation period, deep source salt moved to the surface under the background of extensional structure, and the subsequent sedimentary clastic rock formed a protective layer of potash-bearing rock, thus completing the “deep source and shallow mineralization” metallogenic process.

scholarly journals Geochemical characteristics and depositional environment of the Shahejie Formation in the Binnan Oilfield, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochun Zuo ◽  
Cunlei Li ◽  
Jinliang Zhang ◽  
Guiyang Ma ◽  
Panpan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
Shahejie Formation

Abstract Trace elements in sedimentary rocks are highly sensitive to palaeoaquatic environmental changes in a sedimentary environment, making them an effective means for studying the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment during the deposition of sediments. The trace elements and major elements of mudstone cores sampled in the Binnan Oilfield in China were tested by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). Strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni) and boron (B), which are all sensitive to the sedimentary environment, were selected as discriminant indicators, and the sedimentary environment of the Shahejie Formation in the Binnan Oilfield was studied by combining with sedimentary indicators. The results show that the equivalent B content and the Sr/Ba ratio discriminate the research area for salt water and freshwater sedimentary environments. The V/(V + Ni) ratio is between 0.65 and 0.81, meaning that this area has a highly reductive sedimentary stratum. The trend of the Rb/Sr curve indicates that the paleoclimate of the Shahejie Formation changed from dry to humid and then back to dry.

Hydrochemistry and carbonate sediment characterisation of Bacalar Lagoon, Mexican Caribbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidia I. Tobón Velázquez ◽  
Mario Rebolledo Vieyra ◽  
Adina Paytan ◽  
Kyle H. Broach ◽  
Laura M. Hernández Terrones
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Mexican Caribbean ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Geochemical Analyses ◽  
Changes Over Time

The aim of the study is to determine the distribution of trace and major elements in the water and in the sediments of the south part of the Bacalar Lagoon and to identify the sources of the trace elements and their changes over time. The western part of the lagoon water column is characterised by high concentrations of Ca2+, HCO3– and Sr2+, derived from groundwater input. In contrast, the eastern part of the lagoon is characterised by high concentrations of Mg2+, Na+ and Cl–. The lagoon is not affected by present-day seawater intrusion. Water column and sediment geochemical analyses performed in Bacalar Lagoon show clear spatial distribution of different parameters. The saturation index of the water column indicates three main groups: (1) a zone oversaturated with regard to aragonite, calcite and dolomite; (2) an undersaturated area where all three minerals are dissolving; and (3) an area with calcite equilibrium and undersaturation with regard to the other minerals. Herein we present the first measurements of trace element (Ba2+, Mn2+, K+, Ni2+, Zn2+) concentrations in carbonates obtained from sediments in Bacalar Lagoon. In order to evaluate whether the trace elements are derived from natural or anthropogenic sources, four pollution indices were calculated. The results confirmed that Bacalar Lagoon sediments are not contaminated with Ni2+, K+, Mn2+ and Ba2+, and that the Zn2+ seems to have a predominantly anthropogenic origin.

A study of the composition of Clun Forest ewe's milk. II. Mineral constituents

1966 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Ashton ◽  
I. M. Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Average Composition ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Ewe's Milk ◽  
Mineral Constituents

1. This paper provides further information on the mineral content of the milk of Clun Forest ewes, particularly those elements not dealt with in a previous paper, namely, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and certain trace elements.2. The average composition was as follows: calcium 0.200, magnesium 0.0147, sodium 0.046, potassium 0.168, phosphorus 0.140 and chlorine 0.076%; copper 0.22, iron 0.77, manganese 0.07 and aluminium 1.7 parts per million. Where possible the results are compared with those obtained by other workers for ewe's and cow's milk.3. Statistical analysis of the data showed that, with the exception of phosphorus, the content of major elements varied significantly during the lactation period. There was also a significant variation in all major elements between sheep.

scholarly journals Geochemical trends in central and western North Greenland

1987 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
A Steenfelt
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
The North ◽  
Platform Margin ◽  
Vein Type ◽  
North Greenland

Geochemical maps and geochemical cross-sections, based on chemical analyses of the < 0.1 mm fraction of stream sediment samples collected at a density of approximately 1 sample per 30 km2 in central and western North Greenland, show that the distribution patterns for the major elements and some trace elements reflect the main lithological units of the North Greenland Palaeozoic platform and trough. By contrast the distribution patterns for S and Sr are different. High S values are correlated with zones of tectonic activity and are thought to indicate migration of H2S along faults. High Sr values are correlated with evaporitic rocks in the platform sequence and with deep sea carbonates. High BaO values occurring along the Silurian platform margin and in the Ordovician platform-slope sequence are the result of Ba enrichment in the sedimentary environment, combined with epigenetic vein-type baryte mineralisation.

scholarly journals Geochemical Significance of Clay Minerals and Elements in Paleogene Sandstones in the Center of the Northern Margin of the Qaidam Basin, China

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Sun ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Jiajia Guo ◽  
Yetong Wang ◽  
Yongheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Magmatic Arc ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Geochemical Significance ◽  
Continental Magmatic Arc

The average thickness of Paleogene sandstones reaches about 3000–4000 m at the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin. However, the provenance and sedimentary environment of these sandstones are uncertain; thus, more comprehensive research is needed. Integrated research is conducted on the provenance and weathering process based on petrographic characteristics, clay minerals, and geochemical compositions of sandstones in the center of the northern Qaidam Basin. The results of lithofacies analysis show that the Paleogene sandstones were mainly derived from an active continental magmatic arc, subduction accretion, or a fold-thrust belt. The average illite content in the Paleogene clay minerals is more than 50%, followed by chlorite and smectite, which reflect climatic and environmental characteristics that were arid to semi-arid, whereas the characteristics of carbon–oxygen isotopes reveal a mainly freshwater sedimentary environment. The corrected chemical index of alteration (CIAcorr) is between 56.3 and 75.7, with an average value of 66.5. These results indicate that the provenance of the Paleogene sandstones in the center of the northern Qaidam Basin mainly formed under cold and dry climatic conditions and experienced limited chemical weathering with a small amount that underwent intermediate chemical weathering under warm and humid conditions.

Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the early Proterozoic Hemlock volcanic rocks and the Kiernan sills, southern Lake Superior region

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Ueng ◽  
T. P. Fox ◽  
D. K. Larue ◽  
J. T. Wilband
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Lake Superior ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Wall Rock ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Early Proterozoic

During the early Proterozoic, the 2 km thick differentiated gabbroic Kiernan sills were emplaced into a thick accumulation of pillow basalt and associated deep-water strata, the Hemlock Formation, in the southern Lake Superior region. On the basis of major elements and trace elements (including rare-earth-element data), the Kiernan sills and the hosting volcanic rocks of the Hemlock Formation were determined to be comagmatic in origin, and both evolved from assimilation – crystal fractionation processes. The major assimilated components in these igneous rocks are identified as terrigenous sedimentary rocks. Assimilation affected the abundance of Nb, Ta, light rare-earth elements, and most likely P, Rb, Th, and K in the magma. The effect of chemical contamination from wall-rock assimilation accumulates with increasing differentiation.With wall-rock contamination carefully evaluated, a series of tectonic discriminating methods utilizing immobile trace elements indicates that the source magma was a high-Ti tholeiitic basalt similar to present-day mid-ocean-ridge basalts (MORB). It is suggested from this study that most of the enriched large-ion lithophile elements and LREE of the magma were not inherited from the mantle but from assimilation of supracrustal rocks. Chemical signatures of these rocks are distinctively different from those of arc-related volcanics. A rifting tectonic regime analogous to the opening of the North Atlantic Ocean and extrusion of North Atlantic Tertiary volcanics best fits the criteria revealed by this study.

scholarly journals Natural Enrichment of Trace Elements in Surface Horizons of Calcareous Soils (La Mancha, Spain)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Bravo Martín-Consuegra ◽  
Jose A. Amorós Ortíz-Villajos ◽  
Caridad Pérez-de-los-Reyes ◽  
Francisco J. García Navarro ◽  
Rolando Ruedas Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Geochemical Characterization ◽  
Average Value ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
Original Rock

The study of five soil profiles developed on carbonatic sediments of Tertiary Miocene origin has been carried out. The topography of the area was basically flat and the traditional uses of the soils are the cultivation of dry cereals and grapevine. The geochemical characterization of the aforementioned profiles involves a study of the contents of major and trace elements among other pedologic aspects (texture, pH, organic matter, etc.). The results of this study also indicate a superficial enrichment of trace elements due to the leaching of Ca and moderate biological and anthropic activity. We can consider strontium, Sr, as the trace element that characterizes these limy soils (435 mg/kg average content in total soil and 708 mg/kg in the original rock). These contents are similar to the average value in Castilla-La Mancha of 380 mg/kg and are higher than the average in world soils of about 200 mg/kg. High levels of dangerous or pollutant elements (Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, or Ni) were not detected. The majority of trace element anomalies are related to calcareous material and the leaching of calcium carbonate (Ca), while the influence of the anthropogenic factor is secondary. Soil quality does not indicate toxicity although surficial enrichment suggests a weak threat from consuming crops.

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